This study investigates to what extent holistic sustainability values persist when a sustainability innovation initiative is transformed to standard mode of operation in a Swedish municipality through the lens of acto...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783319435978;9783319435961
This study investigates to what extent holistic sustainability values persist when a sustainability innovation initiative is transformed to standard mode of operation in a Swedish municipality through the lens of actor-network theory. The focus is on the effect of change in sustainability routines, inscribed in IT systems, when governance shifts from a dedicated initiative management to regular management. This longitudinal study shows that information systems can play a central role to enrol stakeholders in sustainable practices, but that sustainability outcomes are closely related to the view of sustainability inscribed in routines and supportive IT systems.
In this paper an Association Rules data mining technique is adopted to explore the co-movement between sector indices listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange. The sector indices describe various parts of the Polish econom...
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ISBN:
(数字)9783319453217
ISBN:
(纸本)9783319453217;9783319453200
In this paper an Association Rules data mining technique is adopted to explore the co-movement between sector indices listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange. The sector indices describe various parts of the Polish economy as well as Ukrainian companies and are not as sensitive to individual random events as single companies are. The measures describing discovered rules are calculated and strong rules are selected. Based on the strong rules the relations between parts of the Polish economy are presented. The interesting mutual interrelations between parts of Polish and Ukrainian economies are also observed.
Planning of manager's workload is an elusive and challenging issue that has no exact quantitative tools. This paper develops for the first time (to the best of our knowledge) an analytical model that shows how a m...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783319326894;9783319326887
Planning of manager's workload is an elusive and challenging issue that has no exact quantitative tools. This paper develops for the first time (to the best of our knowledge) an analytical model that shows how a manager's activity and its associated workload can be analyzed as a provision of various services. The model is essentially a queuing model of tasks with arrivals, waiting time, and services (with a single server). The model is first analyzed in the most general way, finding the mean values of waiting times and queue length. While the proposed model is for one manager, it is based on very general assumptions and would fit most practical environments. Then, a simpler model for determining the optimal span of control for a manager is developed and illustrated using a numerical example.
Like all software systems, databases are subject to evolution as time passes. The impact of this evolution is tremendous as every change to the schema of a database affects the syntactic correctness and the semantic v...
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ISBN:
(数字)9783319392431
ISBN:
(纸本)9783319392431;9783319392424
Like all software systems, databases are subject to evolution as time passes. The impact of this evolution is tremendous as every change to the schema of a database affects the syntactic correctness and the semantic validity of all the surrounding applications and de facto necessitates their maintenance in order to remove errors from their source code. This survey provides a walk-through on different approaches to the problem of handling database and data warehouse schema evolution. The areas covered include (a) published case studies with statistical information on database evolution, (b) techniques for managing schema and view evolution, (c) techniques pertaining to the area of data warehouses, and, (d) prospects for future research.
High energy consumption of sensor devices is a major problem in smart building systems, since it strongly impacts the system lifetime. However, existing approaches are often fitted to a single monitoring application a...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783319395647;9783319395630
High energy consumption of sensor devices is a major problem in smart building systems, since it strongly impacts the system lifetime. However, existing approaches are often fitted to a single monitoring application and rely on static configurations for sensor devices: optimization of their acquisition and transmission frequencies to actual multiple application requirements is not tackled. In this paper, we focus on energy-aware dynamic sensor device re-configuration to lower energy consumption while fulfilling real-time application requirements. We introduce the Smart-Service Stream-oriented Sensor Management (3SoSM) that binds together sensor configuration and management of sensor data streams. We present a multi-application monitoring system architecture that optimizes application requirements for data streams into sensor device configurations, and we relate the experiments with our experimental platform.
The development of the theory of multi-agent systems in the area of their use to support an organisation can be examined in the context of supporting the performance of business processes and knowledge management proc...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783319305288;9783319305271
The development of the theory of multi-agent systems in the area of their use to support an organisation can be examined in the context of supporting the performance of business processes and knowledge management processes that take place in modern organisations, in particular knowledge-based organisations. Agent technologies created in this area can be considered in categories of software agent societies, where a multi-agent solution is supported by mechanisms for analysing behaviour of such a system. The aim of this paper is to analyse research methodology and scientific tools developed during the three last years by a team of researchers in the specified field. The paper presents theoretical issues connected with the use of knowledge management systems in organisations, partial results of interviews with developers of agent solutions in Poland, a proposal of a methodology for designing agent societies, elements of a developed prototype of an agent solution, findings of qualitative research in the area of usability of software agents and assessments of multi-agent systems supporting knowledge management.
Modern e-service providers rely on service innovation to stay relevant. Once a new service package is designed, implementation-specific aspects such as value (co-) creation and cost/benefit analysis are investigated. ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783319326894;9783319326887
Modern e-service providers rely on service innovation to stay relevant. Once a new service package is designed, implementation-specific aspects such as value (co-) creation and cost/benefit analysis are investigated. However, due to time-to-market or competitive advantage constraints, innovative services are rarely assessed for potential risks of fraud before they are put out on the market. But these risks may result in loss of economic value for actors involved in the e-service's provision. Our e(3) fraud approach automatically generates and prioritizes undesired-able scenarios from a business value model of the e-service, thereby drastically reducing the time needed to conduct an assessment. We provide examples from telecom service provision to motivate and illustrate the utility of the tool.
In enterprise modeling it is customary to differentiate between the current, as-is situation and the future to-be situation and develop models of these to plan for how to fill the gap. In practice you are never able t...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783319394299;9783319394282
In enterprise modeling it is customary to differentiate between the current, as-is situation and the future to-be situation and develop models of these to plan for how to fill the gap. In practice you are never able to implement the ideal to-be model, each to-be will be incremental steps on the way to a future best practice. So it will be useful to also maintain a separate ought-to-be model, to not forget the situation you strive for. A distinction between the ought-to-be, as-is, and the to-be model is necessary, and we have in this paper provided the basis for an approach for combining top-down ought-to-be and bottom-up as-is and to-be modelling to support the dynamic interplay between these models. The approach is illustrated through a practical application in the healthcare sector. The main results is that it is found beneficial to represent the to-be and ought-to-be models separately, to be able to discuss the long-term goals without being hampered by short-term technical and organizational limitations, but still have support for developing the next version of the organization.
The purpose of business process diagrams is mainly to make the communication between process-related stakeholders more effective. Currently, BPMN (business Process Model and Notation) is the leader and de-facto standa...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783319394299;9783319394282
The purpose of business process diagrams is mainly to make the communication between process-related stakeholders more effective. Currently, BPMN (business Process Model and Notation) is the leader and de-facto standard for business process modeling. However, the notation and their corresponding diagrams have been perceived as complex by many different researchers. Much work was already done in order to manage such complexity by changing or extending the existing BPMN notation. In this paper, we will propose a solution that aims to decrease the complexity of business process diagrams without changing the notation or existing approaches by introducing opacity-driven graphical highlights.
The request of effective credit scoring models is rising in these last decades, due to the increase of consumer lending. Their objective is to divide the loan applicants into two classes, reliable or unreliable, on th...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783319499444;9783319499437
The request of effective credit scoring models is rising in these last decades, due to the increase of consumer lending. Their objective is to divide the loan applicants into two classes, reliable or unreliable, on the basis of the available information. The linear discriminant analysis is one of the most common techniques used to define these models, although this simple parametric statistical method does not overcome some problems, the most important of which is the imbalanced distribution of data by classes. It happens since the number of default cases is much smaller than that of non-default ones, a scenario that reduces the effectiveness of the machine learning approaches, e.g., neural networks and random forests. The in Maximum Entropy (DME) approach proposed in this paper leads toward two interesting results: on the one hand, it evaluates the new loan applications in terms of maximum entropy difference between their features and those of the non-default past cases, using for the model training only these last cases, overcoming the imbalanced learning issue;on the other hand, it operates proactively, overcoming the cold-start problem. Our model has been evaluated by using two real-world datasets with an imbalanced distribution of data, comparing its performance to that of the most performing state-of-the-art approach: random forests.
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