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检索条件"丛书名=Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering"

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Sustainability Assessment of Refurbishment vs. New ZEB Construction Systems: A Long-Term LCA Perspective on Durability and Building Lifespan 11th

Sustainability Assessment of Refurbishment vs. New ZEB Const...

引用

11th International Conference of Ar.Tec.

作者： Costantino, Carlo Bigiotti, Stefano Marucci, Alvaro Gulli, Riccardo Univ Tuscia Dept Agr & Forest Sci DAFNE I-01100 Viterbo Italy Univ Bologna Dept Architecture Alma Mater Studiorum I-40131 Bologna Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9783031718694;9783031718670;9783031718663

Two main intervention categories emerge for the renewal of residential building stock: refurbishment and demolition and reconstruction. In the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) at the building scale, a common practice is to consider default lifespan values, regardless of the durability of the construction system and the average longevity observed within the geographical context. Consequently, this approach involves a significant risk of misinterpretation or partial evaluations of results in long-term assessments deriving from two main factors: (i) the overestimation of environmental impacts associated with heavyweight construction systems, which are characterised by higher embodied energy and carbon, despite their advantages in superior durability and low maintenance compared to lightweight alternatives;(ii) the tendency to overestimate the lifespan of existing buildings after refurbishment, particularly those that have already surpassed 60 years of service life. This paper presents a comparative LCA carried out between refurbishment and demolition and reconstruction of a case study, a 1960s multi-family residential building located in the suburbs of Bologna. In particular, two heavyweight and three lightweight construction systems are evaluated for the new Zero Energy Building (ZEB). The findings highlight a strong dependence between LCA results and building lifespan, significantly influencing the choice when comparing intervention strategies. The results show minor impacts for demolition and reconstruction scenarios compared to refurbishment scenarios after 30 years of analysis and lower impacts of lightweight construction systems in the same period, while in the medium to long term, over 60 years, heavyweight construction systems yield lesser impacts when accounting for their extended lifespan.

关键词： Life Cycle Assessment Building Lifespan Durability Zero Energy Building Construction System

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The Narrative Capacity of Spaces for Living. Le Corbusier's Appartement-Atelier in Paris 11th

The Narrative Capacity of Spaces for Living. Le Corbusier's ...

引用

11th International Conference of Ar.Tec.

作者： Casale, Teresa Garda, Emilia Sapienza Univ Rome I-00184 Rome Italy Polytech Univ Turin I-10129 Turin Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9783031718571;9783031718557;9783031718540

The restoration of the interior spaces of a house and their transformation into a museum allows us to observe themes related to the culture of living and to study the relationships between society, people, objects and spaces. Although rooted in Western culture, opening interiors to the public has only gained attention from international bodies and institutions, such as ICOM, and national bodies, such as the French Ministere de la Culture, in the last two decades. This has contributed to establishing the scientific foundations for this topic, gaining increasing interest. Thus, the institutionalisation of the domestic space allows the monument to be reused and experienced through dialogue with the public. Conserving the fragility of modern interiors seems like an impossible challenge. However, the selected case study takes exciting reflections regarding protecting, restoring, and conserving the material and immaterial values that its opening to the public has allowed the contemporary world to learn. As a space intended for daily life, the cultural value of Le Corbusier's appartement-atelier does not only concern issues linked to the legislative national context but is profoundly determined by its ability to place itself in continuity with the contemporaneity through its narrative capacity tells us about its author, an illustrious man as an architect of evident fame;of his substance, an architecture child of the Modern Movement;and the social context in which it was generated. An iconic architectural work par excellence, this example describes how modern architecture has radically transformed spaces in response to the new lifestyles of the 20th century. These changes, which concern aesthetic and functional aspects, are the direct consequence of the political and social transformations of the time and a new conception of internal space governed mainly by attention to the user's needs.

关键词： Heritage House-Museum Le Corbusier's appartement-atelier DEMHIST Label "Maisons des illustres"

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Management of Physical Asset. Problem and Possible Solutions Applicable Through Use of Spatial Web Tools 20th

Management of Physical Asset. Problem and Possible Solutions...

引用

20th International Conference on Computing in civil and Building engineering-ICCCBE

作者： Franco, Eleonora Maria Quebec Univ ETS Montreal PQ H3C 1K3 Canada Politecn Milan Milan Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9783031842269;9783031842245;9783031842238

An effective Building Maintenance Management (BMM) must integrate and manage information such as inspections, drawings, manuals, contracts (Chen et al., 2013) checklists, maintenance reports and maintenance records (Lin & Su, 2013). However, current practices do not integrate these systems and still manually process dispersed and unformatted data. There is a significant waste of time and money for search information or to try to make decisions with limited information (Akinci, 2014). The efficiency of the maintenance process is expected to be highly increased with the availability of an integrated digital database (Akcamete et al., 2011). In this paper we gonna see in details the potential benefits of the integration of data of Building Maintenance Management (BMM) in Building Information Modelling (BIM). There is a vastly number of studies about the application of BIM during design, planning and construction phases developed both by practitioners and academics. Dong et al. (2014) pointed that specifically the use of BIM for FM during the O&M phase is still limited. In this paper we will deal with the problem both from the point of view of the management of the building and from the point of view of the management of spare parts that may be present in the project and how to manage them through the use of BMM and BIM web tool.

关键词： management of physical asset spare parts BIM Web Tools assessment Life-cycle building component evaluation bca maintenance competitive business

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New Indices to Assess the Cooling Potential by Trees in an Urban Environment 9th

New Indices to Assess the Cooling Potential by Trees in an U...

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9th International Building Physics Conference

作者： Nevers, Clement Rodriguez, Adrien Carmeliet, Jan Kubilay, Aytac Derome, Dominique Univ Sherbrooke Sherbrooke PQ Canada Swiss Fed Inst Technol Zurich Switzerland

ISBN: (纸本)9789819783113;9789819783090;9789819783083

The impact of trees on thermal comfort is studied introducing new cooling/heating indices. The cooling index measures the average cooling effect of trees on outdoor thermal comfort evaluated by the universal thermal climate index (UTCI). The cooling area index quantifies the size of the cooled area. Since trees can also induce a heating effect mainly due to wind sheltering, and a reduction of the nocturnal longwave cooling, a heating index and heating area index are also introduced. Trees do not only show a local cooling effect, but also a nonlocal cooling effect on neighboring zones. Based on this non-local effect, it is recommended to plant trees in the neighboring public and private spaces rather than in main boulevards where they reduce ventilation which leads to deterioration in thermal comfort.

关键词： Urban microclimate Trees Cooling and Heating index

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Simplified Vulnerability Model for Masonry Bell Towers Based on Digital Elevation Model Data 5th

Simplified Vulnerability Model for Masonry Bell Towers Based...

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5th International Conference on Protection of Historical Constructions-PROHITECH

作者： Della Pietra, Maddalena Chisari, Corrado Zizi, Mattia De Matteis, Gianfranco Univ Campania Luigi Vanvitelli Aversa Caserta Dept Architecture & Ind Design Caserta CE Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9783031873140;9783031873126;9783031873119

The bell tower is one of the most common building types within the Italian architectural heritage. This widespread presence requires the development of increasingly effective methodologies for large-scale seismic vulnerability assessment. Among the existing simplified methodologies, the approach proposed by the authors' previous research enables the estimation of bell tower vulnerability using a minimal set of parameters obtained from in-situ surveys. The study aims to further streamline the data collection process by utilizing a Digital Elevation Model (DEM) provided by Google Earth to acquire the necessary data. The accuracy of the proposed acquisition methodology is validated against a sample of real-world data referred to bell towers placed in Naples, Italy. A simplified mechanical model is then developed based on remote-survey data only, and its accuracy is compared with more refined models already available in the literature.

关键词： Bell Towers Remote Survey Vulnerability Index Method Geometrical Parameters

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Concrete Regulations Stand in the Way of Sustainability Ambitions 4th

Concrete Regulations Stand in the Way of Sustainability Ambi...

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4th FIB International Conference on Concrete Sustainability

作者： Vergoossen, Rob Jilissen, Danny Royal HaskoningDHV Rotterdam Netherlands Delft Univ Technol Delft Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)9783031806742;9783031806728;9783031806711

The Dutch Concrete Act [1] sets ambitious goals for sustainability, including significant CO2 reduction and high-quality reuse of concrete by 2030. Rijkswaterstaat, the Directorate-General for Public Works and Water Management, aims for circular practices by this time. Structural engineers play a crucial role in assessing existing structures. But too often it leads to the replacement of a structure because it is at the end of the designed service life. Concrete regulations influence engineering decisions, with changes increasing the use of reinforcement, although they may offer more flexibility than perceived. Structural engineers can influence sustainability by professionally assessing existing structures, potentially avoiding unnecessary replacements. However, there's a tendency to prematurely classify structures as old, leading to conservative assumptions and modelling methods that may underestimate the structural safety. Despite limited technological advancements in concrete and reinforcement steel, existing structures often exceed strength requirements for new structures. Shear force requirements have evolved, yet structures without shear reinforcement are feasible under current regulations. The emphasis on reuse over new construction is proposed, urging a reconsideration of the necessity of shear reinforcement. Structural engineers can optimize material use by carefully considering modelling methods, structure dimensions and reinforcement amounts, aligning with the basic principles of reinforced concrete techniques while following the regulations.

关键词： Design codes Shear resistance Modelling

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Nature-Based Solutions for Environmental and Health Risk Management 9th

Nature-Based Solutions for Environmental and Health Risk Man...

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9th International Building Physics Conference

作者： Dardir, Mohamed Wilson, Jeffrey Berardi, Umberto Univ Waterloo Waterloo ON N2L 3G1 Canada Toronto Metropolitan Univ Toronto ON M5B 2K3 Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9789819783113;9789819783090;9789819783083

A novel methodological approach was developed using statistical data analyses and microclimate modelling to understand and predict the environmental impacts on health responses associated with extreme heat and air quality and the benefits of enriching urban greenery cover and increasing surface albedo. Microclimate simulations and statistical analyses were developed to assess the effects of heat and air pollution mitigation strategies on pollutant removal ability, reducing outdoor heat stress, and influencing human health. The statistical models were developed by developing a novel technique for log-linear Poisson regression based on clustering factors to increase model fit. The statistical models were utilized based on historical datasets to predict emergency department visits and fine particulate matter based on changes in outdoor heat stress. The results confirmed significant reductions in outdoor heat and predicted reductions in health records and air quality levels associated with implementing heat and air quality mitigation scenarios. The proposed framework contributes to building climatic resilience and supports urban development decisions to expand natural infrastructure and enact climate adaptation policy.

关键词： Microclimate Models Climatic Resilience Environmental Health

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Bi-Directional Static Load Testing of Large Diameters Piles in Melbourne, Australia 5th

Bi-Directional Static Load Testing of Large Diameters Piles ...

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5th International Conference on Transportation Geotechnics

作者： Menton, Paul Le, Xue Flynn, Richard FSG Geotech & Fdn Melbourne Vic Australia Keller Melbourne Vic Australia Ayesa Belfast Antrim North Ireland

ISBN: (纸本)9789819782437;9789819782413;9789819782406

Bi-directional axial compression load tests using multi-level Osterberg cells (O-Cells) were undertaken on two 2.1 m diameter sacrificial test piles for the Pakenham Level Crossing Removal project in Melbourne. The purpose of the tests was to validate the design assumptions for the permanent works piles and increase the geotechnical reduction factor used for design. The target test load was 19MN with a maximum 35MNO-Cell loading capacity available for each pile. Both piles exceeded the design expectations from a load-displacement perspective and the maximum sustained loads were 32 MN and 24 MN for test piles TP1 and TP2, respectively. This paper presents an overview of the O-Cell test design and site setup, the test results and analysis, and the potential impact of construction methodology on pile capacity. Two CPTs were also carried out in close proximity to the test piles, prior to the load tests. The ultimate pile shaft and end bearing resistances were estimated using the CPT results and these pile capacities are compared with the load test results in this paper. The findings demonstrate that O-Cell testing can be successfully used to optimise large diameter pile lengths by adopting a higher geotechnical reduction factor in the design.

关键词： Bi-directional O-Cell Bored pile Pile capacity

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Sustainability of Strain-Hardening Cementitious Composites Incorporating Industrial By-Products 4th

Sustainability of Strain-Hardening Cementitious Composites I...

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4th FIB International Conference on Concrete Sustainability

作者： Santos, Rafael Neves, Ana Almeida, Joao Gaibor, Norma Couto Fernandes Cunha, Vitor Manuel Pereira, Eduardo Univ Minho Dept Civil Engn P-4800058 Guimaraes Portugal

ISBN: (纸本)9783031806742;9783031806728;9783031806711

Experimental tests and life cycle assessment (LCA) were carried out on two strain-hardening cementitious composites (SHCC) compositions. The reference mixture (Ref) was compared to a mixture that replaced 50% of fly ash (FA) with electric arc furnace slag (EAFS) powder and incorporated a crystalline admixture. Mechanical tests performed at 28 days on specimens cured in a climate chamber (AR) and in a humid chamber (HAR) revealed a compressive strength of 27 MPa and 32 MPa for EAFS cured in AR and HAR, respectively, and a tensile strength between 3.0-3.6MPa. LCA results attributed lower environmental impact to EAFS composition when compared to Ref in all the impact categories assessed by method IPCC 2021, focused on climate change - Global Warming Potential (GWP). The study concluded that EAFS powder is an appropriate substitute for FA.

关键词： SHCC Structures Building Materials Sustainability Environmental Impact LCA Waste

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Beyond Generative AI to Reduce the Gap Between Architecture and Its Techniques 11th

Beyond Generative AI to Reduce the Gap Between Architecture ...

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11th International Conference of Ar.Tec.

作者： Fiamma, Paolo Biagi, Silvia Trento, Armando Univ Pisa DESTEC I-56122 Pisa Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9783031718694;9783031718670;9783031718663

This work explores some methods for integrating Generative Artificial Intelligence (Gen.A.I.) into Technical Architecture processes. After the problem contextualization in AEC sector, including opportunities for enhancement, the paper analyses critically the state of art about A.I. development in the restricted field of study. In general we assume that, present and future outcomes both, in research and practice, depend on the pervasive hardware advancement for calculation power, together with the software usability simplification, based on intuitive middleware levels, up to natural language interfaces. Specifically this contribution aims to investigate how Gen.A.I. can become a component of project and construction methodology, capable of more efficient results, by reducing the gap between creative solutions and their feasibility. First, a text-to-image case of study is presented, aimed - rather than to assess the implementation pipeline - to illustrate the ease of the process, even more by using free software widely available online: it shows that the impressive visual result originates from an innovative methodology, produced not only by statistical knowledge, but also by artificial generative abilities. Follows a critical discussion about the potential of this "new" technology: it concerns not only aesthetic composition and form-finding, that seem to monopolise the attention of the sector, but clearly it involves the whole building process, including technique and technology of architecture. To this aim, authors select and analyse some A.I. applications properly addressing objectives of the BIM method, namely enhancing technical control on design solution performance. Conclusions outline the relevant role of Scientific Community, called to guide the transformation of these processes, by addressing structured Technical Architecture knowledge models, instead of letting it being guided by the automatic algorithms.

关键词： Artificial Intelligence Generative Artificial Intelligence Architecture Innovative Techniques Artificial Creativity

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