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检索条件"丛书名=Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering"

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On the Use of Steel Exoskeletons for Seismic Retrofit of Existing RC Buildings: A Case Study 10th

On the Use of Steel Exoskeletons for Seismic Retrofit of Exi...

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10th International Conference on the Behaviour of Steel Structures in Seismic Areas (STESSA)

作者： Di Lorenzo, Gianmaria Di Filippo, Agustina Formisano, Antonio Landolfo, Raffaele Univ Naples Federico II Sch Polytech & Basic Sci Dept Struct Engn & Architecture Via Forno Vecchio 36 I-80125 Naples Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9783031038136;9783031038112;9783031038105

Since the '80s the use of steel external additive structures is considered one of the most suitable techniques for seismic retrofit of existing RC structures with low dissipative capacity. This structural typology, called exoskeleton, made its first appearance in 2000s in the Japanese and American codes dealing with structural rehabilitation issues. Nowadays, exoskeletons can be implemented without interrupting the building use and they are also used for the integrated retrofit of the building systems. In the present work, after the typological classification of steel exoskeletons in families and the definition of their key project parameters, the application of these systems to the case study of the primary school P. Santini in Loro Piceno, a district of Macerata, has been shown for illustrative purpose.

关键词： Seismic retrofit Existing RC buildings Steel exoskeletons Steel bracing Design methodology

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Key Parameters in the Calculation of the Reinforcement of Rectangular Columns with FRP. Review of Design Guidelines and Comparison with Experimental Results 10th

Key Parameters in the Calculation of the Reinforcement of Re...

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10th International Conference on Fibre-Reinforced Polymer (FRP) Composites in civil engineering (CICE)

作者： Castro, Viviana J. de Diego, Ana Martinez, Sonia Echevarria, Luis Pedro Gutierrez, Jose IETcc Eduardo Torroja Inst Construct Sci CSIC Madrid Spain

ISBN: (纸本)9783030881665;9783030881658

It has been shown after several studies, that in view of the need to strengthen the deficient columns of reinforced concrete (RC), one of the most attractive and used techniques to increase strength and strain capacity, is the confinement of concrete whit FRP (fibre reinforced polymers). It is well known that the confinement of square or rectangular columns is less efficient than the confinement of circular columns. Most of the experimental studies focused on the behaviour of small-scale concrete circular specimens. However, in practice, the most typical findings are the square / rectangular columns of reinforced concrete (RC) on a large scale, so that there is still significant uncertainty in the models used to calculate the reinforcement with FRP and their applicability (especially in the case of columns with rectangular section). One of the key parameters in the prediction of the models is the ultimate strain of the FRP. Some models consider a strain efficiency factor of approximately 0.6, the value of which has been determined from tests on small-scale cylindrical specimens. This paper presents an analysis of the design formulations proposed in the main published international guidelines and compares them with the experimental results of larger square and rectangular section specimens (intermediate and full scale).

关键词： Design recommendations Confinement RC columns Large scale Models

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Proposal of Seismic Coefficient and Estimate for Horizontal Sliding for Steel Tanks by Backward Seismic Analysis (BSA) Method 10th

Proposal of Seismic Coefficient and Estimate for Horizontal ...

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10th International Conference on the Behaviour of Steel Structures in Seismic Areas (STESSA)

作者： Pineda, Patricio Saragoni, Rodolfo Univ Chile Santiago Chile

ISBN: (纸本)9783031038136;9783031038112;9783031038105

Large steel tanks used for oil storage, petrochemical industry and for processing plants have frequently suffered repeated damages in largest earthquakes observed in the world and Chile 1960-1985-2007 and 2010 also in Alaska 1964 and other cities of United States (1933-1995). In most cases when tanks were anchored, they performed a good structural response with repairable damages to return to operation in reasonable periods of time, confirming that the effective use of anchors, helps to prevent buckling effect called "elephant foot" or "horizontal sliding". Based upon the observation of real behavior of steel tanks in large earthquakes, the proposed methodology aims to reduce the tanks damage and structural stability, through seismic coefficient for tanks with safe slenderness ratios design ranges for imperfections in the shell and estimates of horizontal coseismic sliding of unanchored tanks in subduction zones. The proposed methodology is based upon the BSA method, developed by the authors in previous works (Pineda & Saragoni) considering the Chilean high seismicity, demonstrating that there is no direct correlation between the theoretical and the observed models, given that the characteristic non-vibratory inertial effect of mega-subduction earthquakes with simultaneous high ground accelerations is not considered in the design codes. The analyses encompass the seismic behavior of 382 tanks in operation during the last 80 years, which were mainly designed by different editions of the API650 standard with the appendix E. This proposal is essential to modify the main design codes for steel tanks.

关键词： Tanks Anchored Backward Subduction Coefficient

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The Effect of NaOH-Na2CO3 Precipitation Bath Concentration on Adsorptive Performance of Crosslinked and Non-crosslinked Chitosan Beads for Azo Dye Removal 1

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3rd International Conference on Green Environmental engineering and Technology (IConGEET) / 7th International Conference on Green Design and Manufacture (IConGDM)

作者： Teo, Lui-Ruen Irene Wong, Voon-Loong Lim, Siew-Shee Heriot Watt Univ Malaysia Sch Engn & Phys Sci Putrajaya 62200 Wilayah Perseku Malaysia Univ Nottingham Malaysia Fac Sci & Engn Dept Chem & Environm Engn Semenyih 43500 Selangor Malaysia

ISBN: (数字)9789811679209

ISBN: (纸本)9789811679209;9789811679193

The newly formed chitosan (CS) gel beads were primarily synthesized in a precipitation bath which contains 1 M NaOH and Na2CO3 at varied concentration (0.2, 0.4 and 0.6 M). The CS gel beads formed with 0.2 M Na2CO3 exhibited the highest porosity (epsilon%) (97.10%) and dye uptake% (64.34%) after 72 h. Besides, the porosity and adsorptive performance for CS gel beads with 0.4 M and 0.6 M Na2CO3 were lower as compared to the pure CS gel beads due to low interconnection density caused by the deeper pores. To counteract the destabilizing effect, glutaraldehyde (GA) solution was added to the CS gel beads for chemically crosslinking. As result, all the GA-CS beads demonstrated noteworthy dye uptake% up to 99.6% after 4.5 h with disregards of precipitation bath concentration. This study had proven on the stabilising effect provided by GA crosslinking on the outstanding methyl orange (MO) adsorptive performance.

关键词： Adsorption Azo dye Chitosan Precipitation Porosity Batch mode

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Particle Morphology Effect on the Soil Pore Structure 1

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8th International Conference on civil engineering (ICCE)

作者： Maroof, M. Ali Eidgahee, Danial Rezazadeh Mahboubi, Ahmad Shahid Beheshti Univ Tehran Iran Semnan Univ Fac Civil Engn Semnan Iran Shahid Beheshti Univ Fac Civil Water & Environm Engn Tehran Iran

ISBN: (数字)9789811912603

ISBN: (纸本)9789811912603;9789811912597

The soil fabric can be expressed as a network model. Granular media voids connectivity and constriction size distribution may lead to movement of air, fluids, and solids in the soil, and therefore affect the chemical, physical and mechanical properties of soils. Understanding the soil voids areas and their interconnection might be helpful in understanding different phenomena such as transport in porous media, water retention, fluid flow in the soil, soil contamination, internal erosion, suffusion, and filtration. In addition, specifying the soil voids interconnectivity can help researchers and practical engineers to provide the best rehabilitation and remediation approaches. The pore network was investigated in the current study, assuming the soil particles to be similar to discrete spheres and particles with different shapes. Also, based on the modelling techniques, the profiles of pore connectivity and constriction size distribution were assessed.

关键词： Soil structure Soil fabric Pore network model Constriction size distribution Particle shape

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FEMA P-695 Verification of Seismic Design Coefficients for Mid-to-High-Rise Hybrid Coupled Core Wall Systems 10th

FEMA P-695 Verification of Seismic Design Coefficients for M...

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10th International Conference on the Behaviour of Steel Structures in Seismic Areas (STESSA)

作者： Bartole, Dennis Ding, Yao Rassati, Gian Andrea Swanson, James City Of San Jose Publ Works Dept San Jose CA 95113 USA Avic Intl Beijing 100101 Peoples R China Univ Cincinnati Cincinnati OH 45221 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9783031038136;9783031038112;9783031038105

FEMA P-695 is a framework that allows verification of the appropriateness of the seismic design coefficients (namely, the overstrength factor, the seismic reduction factor, and the displacement amplification factor) by means of a statistical approach that ultimately provides a pass/fail evaluation of the coefficients for the building prototypes considered. The study presented in this paper focuses on coupled core wall systems using steel coupling beams, with the goal of demonstrating that these systems can be designed using less conservative coefficients than those currently prescribed. A secondary goal of this study is to demonstrate that these systems can also be designed for heights in excess of the current limitations provided in the ASCE 7-16 standard. The study presented consists of a large number of archetype structures, differing by height, floor plate dimensions, amount of vertical forces applied, and fundamental frequencies. Each of the archetype structures is subject to a suite of 22 near-field acceleration records, and for each record an incremental dynamic analysis is performed. The results of thousands of nonlinear dynamic analyses are summarized in this paper, showing that hybrid coupled core wall systems can be safely designed using the largest seismic reduction coefficient currently allowed (R = 8), without a correspondingly unduly large overstrength factor and displacement amplification factor. The paper provides some information on the design approach for these systems, as well as a summary of all analyses performed, highlighting which of the archetypes are less likely to perform well under the conditions investigated. In conclusion, the paper shows that a FEMA P-695 verification of coupled core wall system supports the use of a higher seismic reduction factor for buildings in excess of the height limitation currently in ASCE 7-16.

关键词： Coupled core wall systems Steel coupling beams FEMA P695 Seismic response factors Hybrid systems

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Drag Comparison for Coastal Species for Shoreline Protection 5th

Drag Comparison for Coastal Species for Shoreline Protection

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5th International Conference on Architecture and civil engineering 2021 (ICACE)

作者： Rizuwan, M. Mohd Shukri, W. A. Wan Mohd Mubarak, H. Tarik Forest Res Inst Malaysia FRIM Forestry & Environm Div Kepong 52109 Malaysia

ISBN: (纸本)9789811686672;9789811686665

Drag coefficient commonly used to indicate the frictional resistance produce by the object in the fluent environment. This parameter has commonly used to examine the attenuation of wave towards the sea shore. However, lack of understanding on drag coefficients tree morphology density and arrangement and the minimum shoreline belt width. This study compares two coastal species and evaluates the potential or their stilt root system to dissipate the velocity. This study analyses the drag value on the cross sections of the stilt root model. The slice with maximum result of drag value will be used for the specimen preparation in velocity dissipation analysis. Both analyses were carried out using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) by ANSYS Fluent program. The velocity magnitudes on the analysis path were extracted to evaluate the behaviour of the flow dissipation. Root zone of the stilt root model contributes higher dissipation on the velocity than the single stem. The highest drag value is observed at 0.5 m height of the stilt root model from ground. Higher density of forest stands contribute to higher dissipation of velocity. The study found that 135-203 m is the minimum shoreline belt width in where the result varies to diameter. This study could be applied for properly design the wave breaker for artificial protector for mangrove seedlings.

关键词： CFD Shoreline Belt width Mangrove DBH

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Potential of Pretreated Spent Coffee Ground as Adsorbent for Oil Adsorption 1

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3rd International Conference on Green Environmental engineering and Technology (IConGEET) / 7th International Conference on Green Design and Manufacture (IConGDM)

作者： Nasaruddin, Nur Farhana Najwa Halim, Hairul Nazirah Abdul Rozi, Siti Khalijah Mahmad Mokhtar, Zulfakar Tan, Lian See Jusoh, Nurfatehah Wahyuny Che Univ Malaysia Perlis Fac Chem Engn Technol Kompleks Pusat Pengajian Jejawi 3 Arau 02600 Perlis Malaysia Univ Malaysia Perlis Ctr Excellence Biomass Utilizat Kompleks Pusat Pengajian Jejawi 3 Arau 02600 Perlis Malaysia Univ Teknol Malaysia UTM Dept Chem & Environm Engn CHEE Malaysia Japan Int Inst Technol MJIIT Jalan Sultan Yahya PetraJalan Semarak Kuala Lumpur 54100 Malaysia

ISBN: (数字)9789811679209

ISBN: (纸本)9789811679209;9789811679193

Spent Coffee Ground (SCG) has the potential of becoming a low-cost adsorbent for oil removal. However, the effectiveness of SCG as an oil adsorbent is limited by its hydrophilicity. In this work, chemical pretreatment of SCG with acid and alkali was evaluated as a means of enhancing its performance for adsorbing palm cooking oil. The surface morphology of raw and pretreated SCG samples was characterised using a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The functional groups were analysed using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. A comparison between adsorption performances was performed in terms of contact time in batch adsorption experiments to determine the adsorption capacity of SCG-based adsorbents with oil. The SEM results showed that more developed pores were present on the acid- and alkali-treated SCG samples compared to on the raw SCG sample, while the FTIR results indicated the elimination of hydrophilic cellulose and hemicellulose on these samples. According to these results, both acid- and alkalitreated SCG have better tendencies of adsorbing oil compared to raw SCG. The maximum oil adsorption capacity (2.549 g/g) occurred after 150 min of contact time between alkali-treated SCG adsorbents and oil.

关键词： Biomass adsorbent Acid and alkali pretreatment Oil adsorption capacity

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Influence of Calcined Clays on Workability of Low Carbon Composite Cements 6th

Influence of Calcined Clays on Workability of Low Carbon Com...

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6th International Conference on Geotechnics, civil engineering and Structures (CIGOS)

作者： Li, Ran Schmid, Marlene Sui, Tongbo Plank, Johann Tech Univ Munich Dept Chem Chair Construct Chem Lichtenbergstr 4 D-85747 Garching Germany Sinoma Intl & Sinoma Res Inst 16 North Wangjing Rd Beijing 100102 Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9789811671609;9789811671593

This work highlights that the CO2 footprint of cement can be reduced significantly by blending Portland cement clinker with thermally activated (calcined) clay (CC). Investigations on pure meta phases obtained via calcination of native kaolin, montmorillonite, illite and muscovite reveal that they noticeably increase the water demand and decrease workability of the cement. The effect depends on the fineness and internal porosity of the calcined clay and the chemical composition of the native clay. A comparison of three industrial calcined samples of mixed layer clays originating from natural deposits in Germany, India and China confirmed the increased water demand of composite cements holding up to 40 wt% of these calcined clays. The increase in water demand correlates with the amorphous part and the meta kaolin content. Also, the particle size and morphology of the calcined clay impact water demand. For one sample holding similar to 50% meta kaolin, an increase in superplasticizer dosage of similar to 400% as compared to neat OPC was recorded. Whereas, a high content of meta kaolin proved to be favorable with respect to rapid early strength development as a result of its high pozzolanic reactivity. It can be concluded that calcined clays offer the potential of significant CO2 reduction in cement manufacture, however higher superplasticizer dosages need to be used. Still, because of the low CO2 footprint of superplasticizers a substantial savings in CO2 emission can be realized, and the cement industry can progress into an era of more eco-friendly binders.

关键词： Cement CO2 footprint Clay minerals Calcined clay Admixtures Superplasticizers Workability

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Behaviour of Recycled Aggregate RC Columns Wrapped with CFRP Under Axial Compression 10th

Behaviour of Recycled Aggregate RC Columns Wrapped with CFRP...

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10th International Conference on Fibre-Reinforced Polymer (FRP) Composites in civil engineering (CICE)

作者： Khan, Asad-ur-Rehman Fareed, Shamsoon NED Univ Engn & Technol Karachi Pakistan

ISBN: (纸本)9783030881665;9783030881658

Over last few decades, number of studies have been carried out which studies the properties of concrete specimen made with recycled aggregates. In general, the focus of these investigations was to evaluate the behaviour of such concrete under uniaxial compression, tensile splitting and flexural by using different percentages of recycled aggregates. Based on these studies declining trend of compressive, tensile splitting and flexural strength was observed as the percentage of recycled aggregates increased. Therefore, if structural columns are to be designed with recycled aggregate concrete (RAC), the decline in compressive strength of RAC should be catered using some strengthening technique. The use of carbon fibre reinforced polymers (CFRP) wraps with columns subjected to uniaxial compressive loads have shown to contribute significantly towards increase in load carrying capacities of columns. This study investigates experimentally, the response of fully wrapped reinforced concrete columns made with RCA with CFRP under uniaxial compression. Twelve 600 mm high reinforced concrete rectangular columns (150 mm x 300 mm) were used in the study. Out of twelve, six specimens were fully wrapped with unidirectional CFRP wraps and six were without wraps. Furthermore, columns were cast using RAC with 0%, 70% and 100% of RCA. It was found from the experimental investigation that the specimens with CFRP wraps performed better than columns without CFRP wraps, both in terms of axial compressive load and the ductility. Furthermore, it was also observed that the declining trend in compressive strength associated with RAC was overcome by the use of CFRP wraps.

关键词： Recycled aggregate concrete Confinement CFRP Strengthening Retrofitting

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