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检索条件"丛书名=Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering"

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Relocation of Walking Path to Resolve Vibration Problems in a Lightweight Floor 6th

Relocation of Walking Path to Resolve Vibration Problems in ...

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6th International Conference on Geotechnics, civil engineering and Structures (CIGOS)

作者： Huu-Anh-Tuan Nguyen Univ Architecture Ho Chi Minh City Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam

ISBN: (纸本)9789811671609;9789811671593

Annoying vibrations caused by walking traffic were detected on a lightweight floor in an office environment where the measured vibration level was twice the suggested threshold for human comfort. The floor was fully furnished and consisted of chipboard flooring supported on steel beams. The present research discusses a possible solution to lessen the floor vibration by relocation of the long walking path which originally passed the floor's midspan. A finite element (FE) model of the case study floor was created and calibrated against experimental findings. In particular, the fundamental frequency value obtained from physical heel drop tests performed on the floor was used as a yardstick to modify the FE model. Also, the measured damping ratio was utilized in the FE time history analysis to predict the floor response level. A walking event was simulated by a series of time-dependent point loads with arrival times shifted by a footstep period. These single footstep forces were applied to the FE model on the locations where the walker hit the floor. It was found that shortening the length of the original walking path was ineffective as maximum response build-up occurred just after 6 footsteps hitting the lightweight yet highly-damped floor. On the other hand, locating the walking path closer to the bay edges in addition to limiting the path's length appeared to help reduce the vibration level by a factor of up to 2.5. The floor whose critical walking path was properly relocated would hence be much less responsive and deemed acceptable from a human comfort perspective.

关键词： Lightweight floor Footfall induced vibration Relocation

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A Study on the Environmental Impact During Distribution and Disposal Stages for the 3-Ply Face Masks by Using Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) 1

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3rd International Conference on Green Environmental engineering and Technology (IConGEET) / 7th International Conference on Green Design and Manufacture (IConGDM)

作者： Christine, Chow Suet Mun Izhar, Tengku Nuraiti Tengku Zakarya, Irnis Azura Yusuf, Sara Yasina Azhari, Ayu Wazira Boboc, Madalina Univ Malaysia Perlis Fac Civil Engn Technol Kompleks Pusat Pengajian Jejawi 3 Arau 02600 Perlis Malaysia Univ Malaysia Perlis Ctr Excellence Geoploymer & Green Technol CeGeoGT Sustainable Environm Res Grp SERG Arau 02600 Perlis Malaysia Univ Malaysia Perlis Ctr Excellence WAREG Water Res & Environm Sustainabil Growth Arau 02600 Perlis Malaysia Natl Inst Res & Dev Environm Protect Bucharest IN Splaiul Independentei St6th Dist Bucharest 294060031 Romania

ISBN: (数字)9789811679209

ISBN: (纸本)9789811679209;9789811679193

The demand of face masks had increased tremendously due to pandemic outbreak of COVID-19, leading to the increment production rate of face masks in Malaysia. Waste is also produced at the same time, resulting impacts towards the environment. Due to the land scarcity issue in Malaysia, the end of life treatment for the waste is taken into consideration. The study tools used in this study is life cycle assessment (LCA) to identify the significant potential environmental impact produced during the life cycle stages for distribution and disposal through GaBi Education Software. The disposal stage between landfill and incineration of the 3-Ply face masks is studied to determine the end of life treatment for it. The impact assessment method selected in this study is CML 2001-Jan 2016 with the environmental indicator of Global Warming Potential (GWP), Acidification Potential (AP), Eutrophication Potential (EP) and Ozone Depletion Potential (ODP). GWP results in producing highest impact to the environment during both distribution and disposal stages. The impact of GWP also relates to the climate change. Modern incineration is recommended to overcome the issue of land scarcity in Malaysia as the amount of waste by 3-Ply face masks are increasing due to the pandemic COVID-19, reducing the impacts towards the environment.

关键词： Environmental impact Distribution Disposal LCA 3-Ply face masks

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Design of an FRP Cable-Stayed Pedestrian Bridge. Morphology, Technology and Required Performances 10th

Design of an FRP Cable-Stayed Pedestrian Bridge. Morphology,...

引用

10th International Conference on Fibre-Reinforced Polymer (FRP) Composites in civil engineering (CICE)

作者： Quadrino, Attilio Damiani, Marco Penna, Rosa Feo, Luciano Nistico, Nicola Sapienza Univ Rome Dept Struct & Geotech Engn Rome Italy Univ Salerno Dept Civil Engn Fisciano Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9783030881665;9783030881658

In the past, a pilot project started at the Salerno University to conceive a pedestrian FRP bridge in the campus placed in Fisciano. The project gave the opportunity to start a cooperation among the authors and the result is the preliminary design of a cable stayed bridge, that will be presented after a description of worldwide FRP bridge realizations, including two pioneering cable stayed bridges: the Aberfeldy and the Kolding. The proposed six-span bridge has a total length of 185 m: a) antennas and decks are assembled through PGFRP elements;b) the PCFRP cables are anchored through a mechanical system optimized by defining the barrel and wedge angles. The solution is presented and discussed with regard of pedestrian comfort, joints and cable system. Specifying that dynamic effects due to wind action are under study, it can be concluded that the Capacity/Demand safety factor resulted greater than one as far as damage and ultimate limit states are concerned.

关键词： GFRP Cable stayed bridges Connections Structural design

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Slab Effects on Rocking Frame Performance 10th

Slab Effects on Rocking Frame Performance

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10th International Conference on the Behaviour of Steel Structures in Seismic Areas (STESSA)

作者： Rangwani, Kiran MacRae, Gregory Rodgers, Geoffrey Soleimankhani, Hossein Univ Canterbury Christchurch New Zealand

ISBN: (纸本)9783031038136;9783031038112;9783031038105

The response of a rocking frame with and without slab affects is described. The 3-storey 2D steel rocking frame has friction tension-only "GripNGrab" (GNG) devices. It was found that the effect of the slab reduced the displacements of the short period frame considered, especially at high levels of shaking. Also, the response became less sensitive to GNG tooth pitch, and to GNG stiffness, when the slab was considered. However, the increase in base shear was 300% in the case studied and permanent displacements resulted due to slab yielding.

关键词： GripNGrab (GNG) device Rocking frame Friction dissipator OpenSEES Pushover (PO) and Time History (TH) analysis

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Retrofit of Masonry Walls with Composites to Reduce Vulnerability to Tsunami Loads 10th

Retrofit of Masonry Walls with Composites to Reduce Vulnerab...

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10th International Conference on Fibre-Reinforced Polymer (FRP) Composites in civil engineering (CICE)

作者： Belliazzi, Stefano Lignola, Gian Piero Prota, Andrea Univ Naples Federico II Dept Struct Naples Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9783030881665;9783030881658

In the last years, tsunami events caused great damages in terms of buildings collapse and casualties. In general, a masonry wall, subjected to tsunami loads, could reach failure for out of plane mechanism (bending and overturning) or in plane collapse (sliding, cracking by diagonal tension and crushing by diagonal compression), depending on the direction of the flow, if it is parallel or perpendicular to the masonry wall plane. In Scientific literature, several solutions can be found on the improvement of structural response using Textile Reinforced Mortars (TRM). The advantages of designing retrofit interventions with innovative strengthening systems have been remarked continuously. This paper focuses on the behaviour of masonry walls and the impact of the strengthening solutions using innovative TRM systems. There is a significant improvement of the strength even applying a single layer of material to the sides of the walls. The typology of masonry has been found to significantly alter the wall performance. The same strengthening system is expected to be more efficient in the case of weaker masonry walls, compared to stronger masonry;this depends also on the failure mode of Un-Reinforced Masonry, URM. In particular conditions, high composite mechanical ratios could be useless. Another aim of the paper is to provide fast assessment tools for the effects of tsunami actions on masonry structures, assuming as main parameter the inundation depth, and to provide a comparably fast tool to design retrofit interventions with innovative strengthening systems, also by means of design charts. In addition, a critical discussion is proposed on the influence of the main mechanical and geometrical parameters of masonry wall and of the composite system on the structural response of the masonry wall cross section.

关键词： Large scale analysis Masonry Strengthening design Tsunami

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The Challenges and Impacts of COVID-19 on the Construction Industry in Malaysia 1

引用

5th International Conference on Architecture and civil engineering 2021 (ICACE)

作者： Vasudevan, Gunalaan Yuen, Yap Chai Tunku Abdul Rahman Univ Coll Malaysia Fac Built Environm Dept Construct Management Kuala Lumpur Malaysia

ISBN: (数字)9789811686672

ISBN: (纸本)9789811686672;9789811686665

The COVID-19 pandemic brings with it serious challenges that have a huge impact on the construction industry. Malaysia was placed under lockdown during the pandemic and a Movement Control Order (MCO) was enforced on 18 March 2020 to prevent the spread of COVID-19. This research seeks to determine the challenges and impacts of COVID-19 and the measures taken by the Government on the Malaysian construction industry. The literature review provides the theoretical background for the study and establishes, enhances, and consolidates the knowledge base for this study. A questionnaire survey using Google form was used to collect the data. One hundred questionnaires were distributed to gather the data. This survey was carried out in Klang Valley, Kuala Lumpur. This study used the SPSS software to analyze the collected data employing frequency analysis, descriptive analysis, and chart builder. The findings of this research contribute to the body of knowledge on the challenges and impacts of COVID-19 and the measures taken by the Government on the construction industry in Malaysia.

关键词： COVID-19 Construction industry Impacts Challenges Government measures

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Seismic Design Guideline for Hybrid GFRP-Steel RC Bridge Pier Considering Performance-Based Design 10th

Seismic Design Guideline for Hybrid GFRP-Steel RC Bridge Pie...

引用

10th International Conference on Fibre-Reinforced Polymer (FRP) Composites in civil engineering (CICE)

作者： Osman, Sherif M. Shaaban Aldabagh, Saif Alam, M. Shahria Sheikh, Shamim A. Univ British Columbia Sch Engn Kelowna BC Canada Univ Toronto Dept Civil & Mineral Engn Toronto ON Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9783030881665;9783030881658

Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) bars have been introduced in reinforced concrete (RC) structures to improve their performance against steel corrosion. However, the brittle failure, with no ductility provided of GFRP reinforcing bars is the main challenge limiting their use in many regions of high seismic activity. Especially in the critical sections, such as plastic hinge regions of a column. In this study, GFRP bars are used in conjunction with steel bars that are well-known for their ductile behavior, thus creating a hybrid section. The hybrid section includes exterior GFRP bars and interior steel bars. Two layers of transverse reinforcements, either made from GFRP (external cage) or steel (internal cage), are also provided. The prescribed hybrid section is one potential alternative to mitigate corrosion of steel reinforcement while maintaining adequate stiffness and ductility in the structure. In addition to the experimental work, the seismic behavior of hybrid sections is numerically investigated using validated fibre-based models. After model validation, a nonlinear incremental dynamic analysis will be performed to establish performance-based damage states, which are later utilized in the seismic fragility-based assessment of a bridge pier located in Vancouver, British Columbia. The damage states (i.e. minor, moderate, major, and local collapse) and the corresponding performance criteria (material strain and the associated drift values) are presented for the hybrid section.

关键词： Hybrid reinforcement Hybrid bridge piers Performance-based design

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Seismic Response of a Large-Scale Steel Structure with Dissipative Double Split Tee Connections 10th

Seismic Response of a Large-Scale Steel Structure with Dissi...

引用

10th International Conference on the Behaviour of Steel Structures in Seismic Areas (STESSA)

作者： Di Benedetto, Sabatino Francavilla, Antonella Bianca Latour, Massimo Piluso, Vincenzo Rizzano, Gianvittorio Univ Salerno Via Giovanni Paolo II 132 I-84084 Fisciano Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9783031038136;9783031038112;9783031038105

The brittle fracture experienced by the welds of full-strength joints belonging to steel moment-resisting-frames (MRFs) during the earthquakes of Northridge (1994) and Kobe (1995) represented a turning point in the seismic design of steel structures. In fact, after these events, different strategies have been proposed to solve this drawback. The use of the so-called Reduced Beam Section (RBS) strategy is one of the most popular solutions to reduce the stress concentration in the welds by weakening the beam ends into areas located sufficiently far from the column. Other solutions are based on the adoption of partial strength joints, which provide the benefit to allow the concentration of damage into connection elements which can be easily substituted after a severe seismic event. Within this framework, the adoption of double split T-stub joints is very promising as demonstrated in previous experimental, numerical and analytical works. These connections can be designed according to capacity design principles assuring that the weakest connection elements are the T-stubs, which can be properly designed to assure adequate ductility and energy dissipation capacity. The work presented in this paper follows previous experimental works on subassemblies and aims to assess the behaviour of real scale structures equipped with this particular joint typology. Specifically, the work presented in this paper regards a pseudo-dynamic test campaign performed on a two-storey steel building equipped with dissipative double split Tee joints. The paper discusses the main outcomes of the experiments.

关键词： Pseudo-dynamic test T-stub joint Energy dissipation Ductility

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Mechanical, Acoustic and Thermal Performances of Australian Hempcretes 6th

Mechanical, Acoustic and Thermal Performances of Australian ...

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6th International Conference on Geotechnics, civil engineering and Structures (CIGOS)

作者： Delhomme, Fabien Castel, Arnaud Almeida, Andre Jiang, Chaoyang Moreau, Danielle Gan, Yixiang Wang, Xu Wilkinson, Sara Univ Lyon INSA Lyon GEOMAS Villeurbanne France UTS Sch Civil & Environm Engn Sydney NSW Australia UNSW Sydney Sch Phys Sydney NSW Australia UNSW Sydney Sch Mech & Mfg Engn Sydney NSW Australia Univ Sydney Sch Civil Engn Sydney NSW Australia UTS Sch Built Environm Sydney NSW Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9789811671609;9789811671593

This paper is investigating the performance of Australian hemp in hempcrete including unretted and retted hurd and fines for wall and render applications, respectively. The mechanical, thermal and acoustic characteristics of hempcrete are assessed including the effect of retting process. Although the retting process caused about 12% decrease in shiv bulk density, which was attributed to the degradation of hemp and a lower solid volume fraction, hempcrete bulk density, mechanical characteristics, thermal conductivity and acoustic performance are not significantly influenced by the retting process. The thermal conductivity appears to be proportional to the bulk density which is proportional to the hemp content of hempcrete. Acoustic performance of wall mix specimens was outstanding with a maximum sound absorption coefficient around 0.90 for a frequency around 700 Hz. However, the acoustic performance of render mix specimens was extremely poor compared to that of wall mix specimens with a sound absorption coefficient less or equal to 0.13. The combined effects of fine particle size and high binder content is responsible for this drastic drop in sound absorption coefficient. Acoustic performance was much more impacted than thermal conductivity by the hemp fine particle size and high binder content of the render mix.

关键词： Hemp concrete Bio-aggregates Thermal performance Acoustic performance Mechanical characteristics

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Application and Optimization of Ring Spring Dampers for Seismic Design 10th

Application and Optimization of Ring Spring Dampers for Seis...

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10th International Conference on the Behaviour of Steel Structures in Seismic Areas (STESSA)

作者： Helm, Lukas Sadegh-Azar, Hamid Jahnel, Lars Jandrey, Hauke Tech Univ Kaiserlautern Stat & Dynam Tragwerke Kaiserslautern Germany Ringfeder Power Transmiss GMBH Neunkirchen Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783031038136;9783031038112;9783031038105

The application of ring spring dampers in seismic design and strengthening/rehabilitation of civil structures is almost unknown and poorly investigated. Ring spring dampers are extremely robust, heat-resistant, durable, and have almost no maintenance requirements. Through an innovative design, they combine self-centering characteristics with a high seismic energy absorption capacity. Preloading gives them the typical flag-shaped force-deformation hysteresis curve, which can very efficiently absorb seismic energy in a structure, independently of the deformation velocity (non-viscous damping). Due to these properties, a structure with ring spring dampers can withstand seismic loads with little or no damage. The springs themselves also remain free of damage. The objective of this paper is to give an overview of the behavior of ring spring dampers, which are used as braces that will be activated in case of a seismic event. The resulting behavior of structures is discussed based on the analytical and numerical investigation of the equivalent stiffness and damping of the dampers. By the special combination of ring spring dampers with additional parts, the braces can be designed to resist seismic forces and absorb the resulting energy in both the tension and compression directions. Several structural and spring design parameters (structural and spring layout, spring type, spring composition, etc.) determine the overall seismic performance of the structure. The main influencing factors on the stiffness and damping of the ring springs were identified and investigated and their use for design purposes was elaborated. Generally, high initial stiffness and a high preload have a positive effect. By applying ring spring dampers, masses and cross-sections can be reduced. The dimensioning and practical applicability of ring spring dampers used as bracing units has been proven in several projects.

关键词： Seismic resilience Damper Friction springs Ring springs Self-centering Bracing Ringfeder

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