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检索条件"丛书名=Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering"

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Enhancing Information Extraction from Building Standards with ChatGPT-4: A Multimodal Approach 20th

Enhancing Information Extraction from Building Standards wit...

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20th International Conference on Computing in civil and Building engineering-ICCCBE

作者： Zentgraf, Sven Koenig, Markus Ruhr Univ Bochum Chair Comp Engn Univ Str 150 D-44801 Bochum Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783031842108;9783031842085;9783031842078

The AECO (Architectural, engineering, Construction, and Operations) industry is increasingly benefiting from the advantages of advanced information management, particularly through the use of Building Information Modeling (BIM) methods. BIM integrates geometric and alphanumeric data, such as dimensions and spatial relationships, into digital building models. These elements are subject to specific constraints defined by industry standards and guidelines. The issue with these constraints embedded in regulatory documents is that they are mostly only available in non-machine readable formats which hinders the exchange and usage of data within the building's lifecycle. Currently, the required rules and requirements are extracted manually by experts from the regulatory documents and integrated manually and labor-intensively into corresponding BIM processes. Thus, many research projects are currently addressing the issue of how the textual components of regulatory documents can be automatically analyzed to extract rules and requirements using Natural Language Processing or other approaches. In addition to this textual information, many standards also contain figures and illustrations that explain the information described in the text in more detail or contain additional knowledge. Converting this graphical content into machine-readable information is just as challenging as analyzing the textual components. This paper aims to develop an approach for extracting information related to building information requirements from figures contained in standards using the two state-of-the-art MLLMs Kosmos 2 and Chat GPT-4. An MLLM is an AI system that can process text, images, audio, and video, unlike traditional models that are limited to text. MLLMs trained on large data sets recognize complex patterns in different types of data. With the help of the two MLLMs, the images, and their corresponding texts and captions from the standards will first be analyzed, and then the information

关键词： ChatGPT-4 Kosmos 2 Information Retrieval Regulations MLLM BIM

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Digital Generative Approach Research on the Facade of Kulangsu Modern Western-Style Architecture Based on Shape Grammar 5th

Digital Generative Approach Research on the Facade of Kulang...

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5th International Conference on Protection of Historical Constructions-PROHITECH

作者： Zhang, Kehan Wang, Changqing Liu, Yang Wang, Shaosen Xiamen Univ Sch Architecture & Civil Engn 182 Daxue Rd Xiamen 361005 Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9783031873140;9783031873126;9783031873119

Kulangsu Island, a Historic International Settlement, is a World Heritage site in China. Its typical heritage feature is the multi-cultural attributes. The modern western-style buildings on Kulangsu Island are influenced by the local culture of Fujian Province, China and foreign cultures from the Southeast Asia and western world. This paper uses Shape Grammar, a research method to analyze the feature of graph generation and combination by graphical method, as a facade analysis tool to excavate the prototype of the facade composition and summarize its rules. What's more, a digital facades generation method of these architectural heritages is designed with Grasshopper software and stable diffusion, an AIGC image generation tool. Through the above steps, this paper aimed to create an approach of automatically generating architecture facades with Kulangsu style. This method can be helpful to analyze the cultural value and artistic value of architectural heritage, so as to help the protection strategy, renovation direction and cultural demonstration of architectural heritage.

关键词： Kulangsu Modern Architecture Shape Grammar Digital Form Generation AIGC

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Personalised Building Controls Based on Individual Thermal Preferences for Energy Efficiency and Thermal Comfort 9th

Personalised Building Controls Based on Individual Thermal P...

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9th International Building Physics Conference

作者： Martinez-Alcaraz, P. de la Barra, P. Andriotis, C. P. Wang, Y. Luna-Navarro, A. Delft Univ Technol Fac Architecture & Built Environm Architectural Engn & Technol Delft Netherlands Univ Calif Berkeley Ctr Built Environm Berkeley CA USA

ISBN: (纸本)9789819783199;9789819783175;9789819783168

It is a challenge for traditional building control systems to meet occupants' needs in shared spaces due to the lack of understanding of individual occupant thermal preferences. This is a barrier to balancing energy efficiency and indoor environmental quality (IEQ). Advanced statistical learning methods offer new solutions towards more energy-efficient and user-centric control logics. In this work, a control logic is proposed to optimise the heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) operation based on thermal comfort archetype preferences, leveraging the ASHRAE Global Thermal Comfort Database II in conjunction with energy simulations. First, we apply the k-means clustering algorithm to categorize occupants into different archetypes regarding their common feedback on the thermal environment. Then, we fit a Bayesian logistic regression model to predict the thermal comfort preferences of different archetypes based on IEQ data. Finally, we identify two occupant-centric control logics to optimize HVAC operation to meet occupants' requirements: (i) considering a unified response of thermal comfort in the space, and (ii) ensuring the dynamic optimal setpoint when conflicting occupant archetypes are present. Having compared this control logic with a common rule-based logic, our results demonstrate the potential of occupant-centric controls and the importance of multi-objective metrics in accounting for energy efficiency.

关键词： Thermal Comfort Occupant Archetypes Optimization Building Controls Building Energy Performance

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The IIWC Survey Form for Existing Timber Structures 5th

The IIWC Survey Form for Existing Timber Structures

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5th International Conference on Protection of Historical Constructions-PROHITECH

作者： Faggiano, Beatrice Iovane, Giacomo Marranzini, Dante Augelli, Francesco Bernardi, Fabio Bertolini, Clara Campisi, Tiziana Derinaldis, Pier Paolo Marzi, Tanja Menichelli, Claudio Pignatelli, Olivia Roberti, Giulio Mirabella Ruggieri, Nicola Tardini, Chiara Salonia, Paolo Frattari, Antonio Univ Naples Federico II Naples Italy Politecn Milan Milan Italy Trentino Art Acad Trento Italy Politecn Torino Turin Italy Univ Palermo Palermo Italy Freelance Architect San Giovanni Vno Arezzo Italy Superintendency Archaeol Fine Arts & Landscape Ve Venice Italy Lab Dendrodata Verona Italy Univ Bergamo Dalmine Italy Superintendency Archaeol Fine Arts & Landscape Co Cosenza Italy Libera Univ Bolzano Bolzano Italy ICOMOS Int Council Monuments & Sites Italia Rome Italy Univ Trento Trento Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9783031873140;9783031873126;9783031873119

The collection of general and metric information is significant in the assessment of existing structures for the purpose of inventory of historical constructions, preservation and retrofitting interventions, territorial or building vulnerability evaluation. Adequate knowledge of the structure, to be acquired through documentation, as well as on-site inspection aimed at survey and diagnosis of the structure, is a fundamental prerequisite and indispensable step for understanding the local weaknesses and the structural behavior. It assures the reliability of the results of any structural analysis. In this context, survey forms can facilitate data collection and guide the surveyor to focus on crucial and critical aspects. However, survey forms should be properly designed for the specific intent, being comprehensive, as well as effective and efficient tools. The paper presents and discuss the survey form set up by the Italian ICOMOS Wood Committee for the analysis of existing timber structures, specifically focused on timber trusses.

关键词： Inventory of Timber Structures Timber On-Site Assessment Survey Forms Diagnosis Preservation Retrofitting

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Hygrothermal Considerations in Archaic Wall Assemblies 9th

Hygrothermal Considerations in Archaic Wall Assemblies

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9th International Building Physics Conference

作者： Sivanandam, Adithya Maschke, Ken Peterson, Nicole Thornton Tomasetti Inc Toronto ON Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9789819783076;9789819783052;9789819783045

This paper explores the building science best practices for renovation and adaptive reuse of historic buildings, focusing on archaicwall assemblies within the realm of historic preservation. As the 20th century witnessed an acceleration in the use of innovative materials due to advancements in manufacturing and shifts in global policies, many traditional materials fell out of favor. However, their significance in historic buildings presents unique challenges, particularly in hygrothermal performance, where modern solutions like exterior insulation are not viable without compromising the building's aesthetic and historical integrity. Addressing these challenges requires bespoke solutions, particularly when interior insulation options are limited by the need to preserve interior finishes or when they risk impeding the structure's ability to manage moisture. Through a series of case studies, including a World War II-era school, a 1910s gymnasium, an industrial building repurposed as an art museum, and a historic classroom building, this paper will discuss the intricacies of each project. These include the identification of original construction materials, the design and performance goals for renovation, and the analytical methods that informed the adaptive reuse strategies. These investigations underscore the importance of tailored approaches in preserving historical integrity while enhancing building performance, offering insights into the evolution of construction practices and material science in the face of contemporary challenges.

关键词： Building Science Historic Assemblies Building Performance Renovation Adaptive Reuse

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Improved Mechanical and Fatigue Durability of Cement-Stabilized Recycled Concrete Aggregate-Lateritic Soil Using Natural Rubber Latex 5th

Improved Mechanical and Fatigue Durability of Cement-Stabili...

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5th International Conference on Transportation Geotechnics

作者： Hoy, Menglim Horpibulsuk, Suksun Ngoc Quynh Tran Phunpeng, Veena Suranaree Univ Technol Sch Civil Engn Nakhon Ratchasima 30000 Thailand Suranaree Univ Technol Ctr Excellence Innovat Sustainable Infrastruct De Nakhon Ratchasima 30000 Thailand Univ Sci Hue Univ Fac Geog Geol Hue Vietnam Suranaree Univ Technol Sch Mech Engn Nakhon Ratchasima 30000 Thailand

ISBN: (纸本)9789819782277;9789819782253;9789819782246

This study explores the efficacy of Natural Rubber Latex (NRL) as an additive in enhancing the mechanical properties and durability of cement-stabilized Recycled Concrete Aggregate (RCA) and Lateritic Soil (LS) blends for pavement applications. The research focused on determining the optimal NRL content and evaluating the performance of the stabilized blends under environmental stress represented by wetting-drying (w-d) cycles. Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) and Indirect Tensile Strength (ITS) tests were conducted alongside Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) to assess the microstructural integrity of the materials. The results demonstrated that the inclusion of NRL at a 5% rubber-to-cement (r/c) ratio significantly improved the initial UCS, ITS, fatigue life, and durability performance of the RCA:LS blends. The 70:30 RCA:LS blend outperformed the 50:50 blend, indicating a composition-dependent response to NRL addition. The findings suggest NRL's potential in sustainable pavement construction, with implications for enhancing strength in stabilized pavement materials.

关键词： Natural rubber latex Cement stabilization Pavement base material

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Prefabrication of Structural Components for Medium-Span Roofs: Italian Manufacturing of the Hyperbolit Silberkuhl System (HPV) 11th

Prefabrication of Structural Components for Medium-Span Roof...

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11th International Conference of Ar.Tec.

作者： Spada, Francesco Univ Calabria Dept Civil Engn I-87100 Cosenza Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9783031718571;9783031718557;9783031718540

This work is part of a research project conducted by the author on industrial construction in Italy between the 1950s and 1970s. It refers to the contribution made to construction history by building companies through the study of the methods they used. In particular, it explores the topic of so called 'medium-span roofs' for factories (within 20 m). Starting from the years of the so-called 'Italian economic miracle', factory construction intensified in a large part of the country. Compared to the years preceding the SecondWorldWar, this type of building had evolved. The main experiments focused on solutions aimed at limiting the use of columns;consequently, the roof span increased. Construction of particularly prestigious factories - influenced by the so-called Milanese structural design - also pertains to this topic. This study focuses on a serial construction method for industrial building roofs. It was patented by engineer Wilhelm Johannes Silberkuhl in Germany (the Hyperbolit Silberkuhl system, HPV) and it was used by Sogene (the construction company of Societa Generale Immobiliare, SGI) for construction of some factories in Italy during the 1960s. The HPV method was based on prefabricated concrete thin vaults with double curvatures: particular geometry and prestressed reinforcement allowed creation of light elements, easy to transport and to assemble. Moreover, this study provides a further contribution to a reconstruction of Sogene's overall enterprises, a construction company particularly involved in industrialization processes in the construction field. Bibliography, technical magazines and original archive sources are taken as a reference.

关键词： Medium-span roofs HPV system Factories Sogene 1960s

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Energy Refurbishment of Hotels in Greece and Italy: The Validation of SOLEH Expeditive Tool 11th

Energy Refurbishment of Hotels in Greece and Italy: The Vali...

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11th International Conference of Ar.Tec.

作者： Bertolazzi, Angelo Croatto, Giorgio Damianidou, Anastasia Turrini, Umberto Tsangrassoulis, Aris Univ Padua I-35131 Padua Italy Democritus Univ Thrace Xanthi 67100 Greece Univ Thessaly Volos 38334 Greece

ISBN: (纸本)9783031718656;9783031718632;9783031718625

The hotels building stock allows to investigate many operative features to improve the effectiveness of energy refurbishment process. S.O.L.E.H. (Sustainable Operation Low-cost Energy for Hotels) project proposed an expeditive tool to facilitate the refurbishment process of hotels in Mediterranean countries, making the hotel building stock more efficient and the tourism industry more competitive. As every simplified energy tool, it must be checked about the consumption and energy saving data, both concerning the in-put and out-put, to validate the tool itself. The paper presents one of the calculation checks carried out by a real case study in Alexandroupolis (Evros, Greece) underling the gap between the data of tool's simulation and the complete one done with EnergyPlus+(R). The work is part of an ongoing research between Italy and Greece aiming to set shared practices and tool to improve the refurbishment process in Mediterranean countries.

关键词： Energy Refurbishment Hotels Greece SOLEH Expeditive Tools

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Concrete for Rigid Inclusions-Potential Risks and Their Mitigation Strategies 5th

Concrete for Rigid Inclusions-Potential Risks and Their Miti...

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5th International Conference on Transportation Geotechnics

作者： Larisch, Martin D. Larisch Consulting Ltd Waikanae 5036 New Zealand

ISBN: (纸本)9789819782437;9789819782413;9789819782406

Rigid inclusions are used for ground improvement works and are usually designed as unreinforced low strength concrete columns with typical diameters ranging from 270 to 600 mm and depths up to 25 m. The installation methods of rigid inclusions often involve full-displacement drilling methods, including (but not limited to) Controlled Modulus Columns (CMC) and Controlled Stiffness Columns (CSC), or non-displacement techniques like Continuous Flight Auger (CFA) Columns. Both kinds of methods utilise pumped and pressurised in-situ concrete for the construction of rigid inclusions. Alternatively, vibro-displacement (VD) methods are also a proven technique for the installation of rigid inclusions, but VD do not use pressurized concrete. Ground improvement using cast-in-place rigid inclusions often requires the use of low to medium strength concrete to achieve project-specific design criteria. Concrete mix designs need to allow sufficient workability and stability requirements for the fresh concrete to be able to withstand external pressures from pumping and placement. This is important for minimising the risk of creating integrity issues or defective columns. Also, the workability life and the early strength development of the concrete mix need to be considered to allow for high quality rigid inclusions as well as smooth and efficient construction. This paper discusses the importance of adequate workability of the fresh concrete and, when fresh concrete performance is inadequate, outlines the effects of unsuitable concrete mix designs on the quality and integrity of rigid inclusions. The paper also highlights selected construction-related aspects-for instance, insufficient concrete placement and site traffic-that may affect the quality and integrity of rigid inclusions.

关键词： Ground improvement Rigid inclusions Concrete

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Fineness Effect Evaluation on the Mechanical Activity Index of Glass Powder 4th

Fineness Effect Evaluation on the Mechanical Activity Index ...

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4th FIB International Conference on Concrete Sustainability

作者： Jesus, Carlos Camoes, Aires Malheiro, Raphaele Ribeiro, Manuel Aguiar, Jose Reis, Rui Univ Minho CTAC Ctr Terr Environm & Construct P-4800058 Guimaraes Portugal Polytech Inst Viana Do Castelo Mat Res & Dev Ctr UIDM Viana Do Castelo Portugal

ISBN: (纸本)9783031806742;9783031806728;9783031806711

The increase in CO2 emissions from the cement industry over the years has had an important negative effect on the global environment. In this context, the use of supplementary cementitious materials for cement replacement has a decisive role in the cement industry since using waste from other industries has important environmental benefits, including a decrease in CO2 emissions from the decrease in cement use. Some research has shown that glass powder has adequate pozzolanic properties and that using it as a partial substitute for cement improves the bulk properties of concrete. However, it is important to evaluate the effect of the fineness of glass powder on its pozzolanic properties. The present investigation was conducted to understand the effect of glass powder particle size on the cementitious matrices, namely in their mechanical performance. An experimental campaign was performed to evaluate the pozzolanic activity index of the produced mixtures, made with 25% glass powder from grounded bottle waste. The results corroborate the tendency for an increase in the pozzolanic activity index with the decrease in glass powder particle size, establishing lower and upper thresholds for its use.

关键词： Supplementary cementitious materials (SCM) glass waste powder (GWP) particle size microstructure pozzolanic activity

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