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检索条件"丛书名=Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering"

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The Role of Top Matrix Layer on the GTRM-To-Masonry Bond 10th

The Role of Top Matrix Layer on the GTRM-To-Masonry Bond

引用

10th International Conference on Fibre-Reinforced Polymer (FRP) Composites in civil engineering (CICE)

作者： Askouni, Paraskevi D. Papanicolaou, Catherine G. Univ Patras Rion 26504 Greece

ISBN: (纸本)9783030881665;9783030881658

This study aims to shed light on the role of a bond-related parameter that has received very little attention by the academia, namely that of individual mortar layers (bottom and top mortar layer in single-textile layer TRM configurations). To this purpose, single-lap/single-prim shear bond tests were carried out on masonry wallettes furnished with: (i) "conventional" TRM strips (the term "conventional" accounting for a single dry AR glass fiber textile strip sandwiched between two mortar layers, the bottom one bonded on the masonry and the top one);and (ii) "top mortar-less" TRM strips (that is, same as "conventional" ones but lacking their top mortar layer). Masonry comprised fair-faced solid clay bricks stack-bonded with a cement/lime general purpose mortar. The TRM strips were constructed using a cementitious mortar (based on Ordinary Portland Cement-OPC) and had a bond length equal to 250 mm which was larger than the effective one. Strains were measured along the central longitudinal fiber yarn by means of strain gauges. Digital Image Correlation (DIC) analysis was also conducted for some of the `top mortar-less' specimens. The comparison of fracture energies of the two TRM configurations reveals that (for this type of TRM/substrate combination) the effect of the top mortar layer on the TRM-to-matrix bond characteristics is appreciable. Additionally, from the DIC analysis it is concluded that each load-aligned fiber yarn is activated along a length that varies among different yarns.

关键词： GTRM Masonry Bond Matrix layers

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Significance of Illuminance Level in Hafazan Learning Task 1

引用

5th International Conference on Architecture and civil engineering 2021 (ICACE)

作者： Yazit, Raja Nur Syaheeza Raja Mohd Husini, Elina Mohd Zaini, Atta Idrawani Khamis, Mohd Khedzir Univ Malaysia Sarawak Fac Built Environm Dept Architecture Kota Samarahan Jln Datuk Mohammad Musa Kota Samarahan Sarawak Malaysia Univ Sains Islam Malaysia Fac Engn & Built Environm Dept Architecture Nilai 71800 Negeri Sembilan Malaysia Bandar Johor Bahru Raffles Univ Fac Built Environm & Regenerat Design Interior Design Programme Johor Baharu 80000 Kagawa Malaysia

ISBN: (数字)9789811686672

ISBN: (纸本)9789811686672;9789811686665

Light is sacred and important in major monotheistic religion: Islam, Christianity, and Judaism. One example dedicated for light in the Quran is surah An-Nur. Daylight considerations are also viewed as important in designing educational spaces to reduce visual discomfort to ensure students' optimal reading and writing task performance. This paper focuses on specific educational space that are used for reading and writing task for memorizing (hafazan) the Quran. This paper highlights the relationship between acceptable illuminance level and students' learning task for hafazan. Various research proven that efficient daylighting in educational spaces influences the students' learning task performance positively. The recommended illuminance level for educational spaces is between 300 to 500 lx. In the pilot study, the illuminance level is below than minimum recommendation of 300 lx. However, the lower illuminance level increases the students' hafazan task performance. Further study is required to test the theory that hafazan learning task requires lower illuminance level. This shows that efficient illuminance level is an important consideration in different education system that uses different tools.

关键词： Illuminance level Hafazan Learning task performance Daylighting

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Valorization of Local Clay by Heat Treatment for Its Use in Road Construction 6th

Valorization of Local Clay by Heat Treatment for Its Use in ...

引用

6th International Conference on Geotechnics, civil engineering and Structures (CIGOS)

作者： Hadj, Bekki Mohamed, Ameur Hadj, Benhebal Univ Tiaret BP 78 Tiaret 14000 Algeria Univ Tiaret Lab LGeo2d Tiaret Algeria

ISBN: (纸本)9789811671609;9789811671593

The heat treatment of clays constitutes a potential solution for environmental problems and can, possibly, contribute to improving the bearing capacity of road layers. Indeed, heat- treatment modifies the mechanical behavior of fine soils and makes their use very possible in the field of road infrastructure. In the present work, we propose to investigate the possibility of adding heat treated clay to granular pavement materials (crushed gravel) and to study its influence on the evolution of the bearing capacity of the obtained mixture. The local clay is prepared by heat treatment at two levels of firing, mainly 850 and 1150 degrees C, then added to crushed gravel (0/31.5 mm) as a binder. Several mixtures are prepared at different dosages of treated clay and crushed gravel then subjected to Proctor and CBR (California Bearing ration) tests. The XRD analysis reveals that the firing beyond 850 degrees C induces transformations in the microstructure of the clay. As a result, it was found that the addition of treated clay to crushed gravel at a percentage of 3-5% significantly improves the bearing capacity of the mixture compared to untreated granular material. It can be concluded that the addition of treated clay to the crushed gravel considerably improves its bearing capacity by approaching the mechanical performance of cement treatment. It can also be noted that the proposed solution fits very well the sustainable development.

关键词： Heat treatment Clay Gravel material Road pavement CBR

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Performance of Two Phase Anaerobic Digestion on Food Waste for Biogas Production 1

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3rd International Conference on Green Environmental engineering and Technology (IConGEET) / 7th International Conference on Green Design and Manufacture (IConGDM)

作者： Zakarya, Irnis Azura Izhar, Tengku Nuraiti Tengku Zaaba, Siti Khadijah Hilmi, Nur Adlina Mohd Beson, Mohammad Rizam Che Matei, Monica Univ Malaysia Perlis Fac Civil Engn Technol Arau 02600 Perlis Malaysia Univ Malaysia Perlis Ctr Excellence Geopolymer & Green Technol CEGeoGT Sustainable Environm Res Grp SERG Kangar 01000 Perlis Malaysia Univ Malaysia Perlis Ctr Energy Management & Sustainable Campus COSCEM Arau 02600 Perlis Malaysia Idaman SdnBhd Wisma Idaman Alor Setar Kedah Malaysia Natl Inst Res & Dev Environm Protect Bucharest IN Splaiul Independentei St6th Dist Bucharest 294 Romania

ISBN: (数字)9789811679209

ISBN: (纸本)9789811679209;9789811679193

Every year, the total amount of solid waste generated in Peninsular Malaysia grew, according to the Malaysia government. The typical solid waste management system practiced in developing country brings many problems that can cause risks and hazards for living things and the environment in Malaysia if there are not managed properly. For example, illegal dumping cause groundwater and soil pollution. The methane gas produced from the landfill causes greenhouse effect. Food waste is categorized under household waste, where it is produced in residential areas, restaurants, cafeteria, markets and commercial areas. Therefore, anaerobic digestion process is introduced for organic waste with higher solids contents such as food waste as an alternative method. The effectiveness of anaerobic digestion process can be investigated through this process. In this study, two phase of anaerobic digesters was proposed. The reactor was operated at a temperature 35 degrees C, analyzed for biogas production, pH values and C/N ratio. The highest biogas production in this study is 50.4%. For a co-digestion containing more sludge can increase the pH value and biogas production.

关键词： Anaerobic digestion Two-phase reactor Food waste Biogas

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Postbuckling Analysis of Core-corrugated Sandwich FG-GRC Laminated Cylindrical Shells Subjected to External Pressure 6th

Postbuckling Analysis of Core-corrugated Sandwich FG-GRC Lam...

引用

6th International Conference on Geotechnics, civil engineering and Structures (CIGOS)

作者： Dang Thuy Dong Vu Minh Duc Tran Quang Minh Nguyen Van Tien Nguyen Thi Phuong Vu Hoai Nam Univ Transport Technol Hanoi Vietnam

ISBN: (纸本)9789811671609;9789811671593

An analytical approximation for nonlinear stability analysis of corecorrugated sandwich graphene-reinforced cylindrical shells is presented in this paper. A homogenization model for corrugated structures is used for corrugated core layer and the governing equation system for cylindrical shells are formulated considering the von Karman-Donnell nonlinear theory. Three-term solution form of deflection is chosen, and the nonlinear postbuckling relation can be formulated by applying the Galerkin procedure. The result of examinations validates the effects of the corrugated core layer, graphene volume fraction and graphene distributions with different geometric ratios on the nonlinear stability behaviors of corrugated cylindrical shells.

关键词： Functionally graded graphene-reinforced composite Nonlinear buckling Sandwich cylindrical shell External pressure

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Mechanism of Pore Pressure Increase of Saturated Granular Materials Subjected to Repeated Loads 4th

Mechanism of Pore Pressure Increase of Saturated Granular Ma...

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4th International Conference on Transportation Geotechnics (ICTG)

作者： Zhao, Chuang Bian, Xuecheng Chen, Yunmin Yan, Lili Zhejiang Univ Dept Civil Engn Hangzhou 310058 Peoples R China Univ Tokyo Dept Civil Engn Tokyo Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9783030772383;9783030772376

A series of undrained torsional shear tests were conducted to investigate the variation of excess pore water pressure of saturated sand during undrained cyclic loadings. The test results indicate that there is a threshold of cyclic stress ratio for specimen to reach liquefaction. Above the threshold, the excess pore water pressure gradually increases during undrained cyclic loading and is eventually equal to the initial effective confining stress. The double amplitude of shear strain also increases gradually, showing a weakening development of the shear strength of the specimen. Beneath the threshold, the excess pore water pressure stops increasing eventually regardless of how many cycles are applied. Moreover, the excess pore water pressure rises sharply just after the reverse of the loading direction, which suggests that an evident tendency of negative dilatancy is accordingly induced. The excess pore water pressure cannot always increase with the shear stress, and it decreases when approaching the phase transformation line. Based on introducing a variable that is defined as the increment of the excess pore water pressure during a unit variation of the shear strain, the tendency of volume change of the specimen can be well represented.

关键词： Undrained tests Repeated loading Saturated sand Excess pore water pressure Shear deformation

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Removal of Oil from Oil-Contaminated Sand Using Chemical-Free Bubbles in Turbulent and Laminar Flows: A Conceptual Paper 1

引用

3rd International Conference on Green Environmental engineering and Technology (IConGEET) / 7th International Conference on Green Design and Manufacture (IConGDM)

作者： Radzi, Aliff Radzuan Mohamad Hassan, Sharifah Nadra Sofia Syed Jamil, Junaizad Nasir, Nor Shahirah Mohamad Alikasturi, Amin Safwan Univ Kuala Lumpur Malaysian Inst Chem & Bioengn Technol Kawasan Perindustrian Bandar Vendor Branch CampusLot 1988 Alor Gajah 78000 Melaka Malaysia

ISBN: (数字)9789811679209

ISBN: (纸本)9789811679209;9789811679193

Regardless of the type of oil spill in our environment, numerous studies have demonstrated the ecological and economic consequences of our activities. There are many techniques available that can be used to treat oily-contaminated sand. However, significant improvements in efficiency, energy consumption, and treatment costs are required to make the technologies more environmentally friendly. This paper demonstrates the concept of micro and macro bubbles in the turbulent and laminar flows to remove the oil from the contaminated sand. The parameters tested in this study are macro and microbubbles, laminar and turbulent flows, saline and tap water, flowrate, retention time, and oil-sand ratio. The analysis proposed in this study is the chemical oxygen demand, total organic compound, thermogravimetric analysis, and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy. The preliminary results indicate that when microbubbles are introduced at the appropriate pressure, flowrate, salinity level, and temperature, the removal efficiency of oil from the oil-in-water mixture was 95.8%.

关键词： Remediation Bubbles Laminar Turbulent Oil

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A Comprehensive Evaluation of Pozzolanic Activity of Ancient Brick Powders Wastes-BPW in Cement Based Materials 1

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3rd International Conference on Green Environmental engineering and Technology (IConGEET) / 7th International Conference on Green Design and Manufacture (IConGDM)

作者： Moncea, Mihaela-Andreea Deak, Gyorgy Dumitru, Florina-Diana Amat, Roshazita Che Ibrahim, Norlia Mohamad Natl Inst Res & Dev Environm Protect Bucharest IN 294 Splaiul Independentei St6th Dist Bucharest 060031 Romania Univ Malaysia Perlis Ctr Excellence Geopolymer & Green Technol CEGeoGT Sustainable Environm Res Grp SERG Kangar 01000 Perlis Malaysia

ISBN: (数字)9789811679209

ISBN: (纸本)9789811679209;9789811679193

The recovery potential of bricks wastes in obtaining environmental friendly materials is sustained by their pozzolanic properties, which can be exploited within a Portland cement-brick powder waste (BPW) system, thus reducing the amount of waste as well as the consumption of raw materials and CO2 emissions from cement factories. These properties were intensively studied and reported in the literature, for their assessment often being used direct analytical methods to highlight the presence of Ca(OH)(2) and its subsequent reduction in abundance with time as the pozzolanic reaction proceeds. Since it is more difficult to quantify the pozzolanic activity of calcined clay in a Portland cement /brick powder mixture, for the present work classical determinations, such as thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were combined with the individual assessment of BPW in terms of pozzolanicity in order to study the variation of the Ca2+ respectively OH- ions concentration within a BWP-lime saturated solution. SEM analyses showed CH and CSH formation and the DTA curve highlighted a more intense peak around 500 degrees C after 28 days of hydration, where the Ca(OH)(2) decomposition take place. The pozzolanicity test results showed a pronounced decrease of Ca2+ concentration after 28 days.

关键词： Brick powder waste Portland cement Land field recovery Compressive strength

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Bond Between Flax-TRM and Masonry: Effect of Bond Length 10th

Bond Between Flax-TRM and Masonry: Effect of Bond Length

引用

10th International Conference on Fibre-Reinforced Polymer (FRP) Composites in civil engineering (CICE)

作者： Trochoutsou, Niki Di Benedetti, Matteo Pilakoutas, Kypros Guadagnini, Maurizio Univ Sheffield Dept Civil & Struct Engn Sheffield S Yorkshire England The Diamond Multidisciplinary Engn Educ Sheffield S Yorkshire England

ISBN: (纸本)9783030881665;9783030881658

The use of externally bonded composites for strengthening and seismic retrofitting of deficient structures is preferred to traditional systems, as they provide a time-efficient and less disruptive solution. Textile-Reinforced Mortar (TRM) systems, in which textiles are embedded in inorganic matrices, are commonly employed for unreinforced masonry structures due to their favourable mechanical properties and compatibility with various masonry substrates. Increased environmental awareness has recently brought researchers to focus on the use of more sustainable reinforcing materials, with minimal environmental impact, and to assess the potential of natural fibres and bio-composites in structural applications. However, the use of such innovative composite solutions as strengthening systems is limited and their bond behaviour to masonry has not been examined thoroughly. This paper investigates the effectiveness of a Flax-TRM strengthening system for masonry structures and studies experimentally its bond behaviour. Fifteen single-lap shear bond tests were performed on masonry prisms strengthened with single-layer flax textiles embedded in lime-based mortar. Five different bond lengths (varying from 65 to 260 mm) were investigated. Preliminary results are summarised in terms of bond capacity, effective bond length and governing failure bond mechanism.

关键词： Bond TRM Masonry Flax Natural fibres

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Sub Sea Tunneling in Hard Rock Environment in Scandinavia 6th

Sub Sea Tunneling in Hard Rock Environment in Scandinavia

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6th International Conference on Geotechnics, civil engineering and Structures (CIGOS)

作者： Grov, Eivind Trinh, Nghia Quoc SINTEF Community SP Andersens Veg 3 N-7031 Trondheim Norway

ISBN: (纸本)9789811671609;9789811671593

The paper reviews the experience from Nordic sub sea tunnel benchmark projects, with emphasis on sub sea road tunnels excavated in hard rock conditions. More than 35 such tunnels have been built in theNordic countries with themajority of the projects located in Norway. However, a total of 4 such projects have been initiated in the Faroe Islands, one in Iceland and one project is under discussions in Aland, a part of Finland. All these tunnels have been excavated by conventional drill and blast. Important issues concerning investigation, planning, design and construction are described, and important lessons learned from these projects are discussed.

关键词： Sub sea tunnel Investigation Planning Design Construction

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