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检索条件"丛书名=Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering"

共 6967 条记录，以下是611-620 订阅

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The Impact of Hydrophilic Pores on the Moisture Behaviour in Hydrophobised Building Materials 9th

The Impact of Hydrophilic Pores on the Moisture Behaviour in...

引用

9th International Building Physics Conference

作者： Deckers, Daan Janssen, Hans Katholieke Univ Leuven Dept Civil Engn Bldg Phys & Sustainable Design Kasteelpark Arenberg 40 B-3001 Leuven Belgium

ISBN: (纸本)9789819783076;9789819783052;9789819783045

Hydrophobising internally insulated walls is becoming increasingly popular as a way to reduce the risk at moisture problems by limiting the amount of absorbed wind-driven rain. Despite many promising studies on water repellent agents, several faulty applications, possibly attributed to cracks in the masonry wall or a mismatch between facade building material and water repellent agent, have been documented. When such a water repellent agent is applied on a building material, it should penetrate its pore network and render the pore walls hydrophobic. Relative to the size of the polymer chains of the agent, smaller pore bodies and/or throats might not get treated, causing them to remain hydrophilic. When too many pores remain hydrophilic, fast liquid water transport in the material can be induced, which hence renders the hydrophobisation application ineffective. This paper investigates the impact of these hydrophilic pore bodies and throats on the moisture behaviour in hydrophobised materials by simulating their hygric properties with a hygric property simulator and using these hygric properties to replicate the capillary absorption experiment with hygrothermal simulations. It is found that the capillary absorption coefficient increases gradually when more hydrophilic elements remain in the material's pore network. Additionally, when these hydrophilic elements are scattered over the pore network and not directly connected to each other, the discontinuous liquid water flow still assures large reductions of the capillary absorption coefficient.

关键词： Hydrophilic pores Hydrophobised materials Hygric property simulator

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Status Analysis for Key Constraint Devices of Long-Span Suspension Bridges Based on Girder End Displacement-Temperature Correlation Characteristics 2nd

Status Analysis for Key Constraint Devices of Long-Span Susp...

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2nd International Conference on Geosynthetics and Environmental engineering

作者： Yuan Jieyi Dong Huaneng Wu Jie Wei Junling CCCC Highway Bridges Natl Engn Res Ctr Co Ltd Beijing Peoples R China Jiangsu Expressway Engn Maintenance Technol Co Lt Nanjing Peoples R China Jiangsu Yangtze Bridge Co Ltd Nanjing Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819777686;9789819777662;9789819777655

During the service period of bridges, the degradation of bearings and expansion joints' performance will affect the main girder's normal expansion and contraction movement. To accurately evaluate the working status of suspension bridge bearings and expansion joints in the short term, taking a kilometer-level suspension bridge as an example, on the premise of studying the seasonal correlation characteristics between girder end displacement-temperature, a short-term status analysis method for key constraint devices based on the correlation characteristics between girder end displacement-temperature was proposed and validated from various aspects such as simplified modeling of girder end constraints, monitoring, and testing of suspension bridges. The analysis shows that: there is a significant linear correlation between the girder end's displacement and temperature, and the higher the main girder's temperature, the greater the correlation model's slope between the two. Influenced by the temperature change, the slope of the correlation model changes by about 40% to 50% within a year. To extract the stable slope of the girder end's displacement temperature correlation model after normalizing the temperature environment under normal operating conditions of the bridge, it is proposed to use the mathematical relationship between the girder end displacement-temperature correlation model's slope and temperature to eliminate the influence of temperature changes on the parameters of the girder end displacement-temperature correlation model. The proposed short-term status analysis method was used to analyze and judge the working status of constraint devices on the background bridge, and the judgment results were compared with on-site inspections and maintenance records to confirm the feasibility and rationality of this method. This provides an effective basis for further establishing a key constraint device status warning system.

关键词： Long-span suspension bridge Constraint device Girder end displacement Correlation Condition analysis

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Balanced Mix Design in Kansas 5th

Balanced Mix Design in Kansas

引用

5th International Conference on Transportation Geotechnics

作者： Gao, Ya Hossain, Mustaque Heptig, Blair Houser, Steven Kansas State Univ Manhattan KS 66506 USA Kansas Dept Transportat Topeka KS 66611 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9789819782239;9789819782215;9789819782208

AASHTO PP 105-20 defines Balanced Mix Design (BMD) as "an asphalt mix design using performance tests on appropriately conditioned specimens that address multiple modes of distress considering mix aging, traffic, climate, and location within the pavement structure." The traditional Superpave mix design process only considered volumetric properties and mainly focused on rutting resistance. However, the effect of recycled materials, such as Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP), Reclaimed Asphalt Shingles (RAS), etc., are not considered, and the performance properties of these mixtures cannot be captured in the Superpave system. BMD could provide a performance-optimization process for asphalt mixtures. This new approach involves performance testing, including cracking and rutting tests. Despite promotion from various entities, Kansas is cautiously approaching this new development of HMA mixture design. In this study, the cracking test, IDEAL-CT, was conducted on several Kansas HMA mixtures containing recycled materials, and the results were generated to assess the applications of BMD in Kansas. This paper describes this assessment.

关键词： BMD RAP RAS Cracking IDEAL-CT

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Valorisation and Reuse of CerealWastes for Construction Applications in a Circular Economy Perspective: A Review of the State of the Art 11th

Valorisation and Reuse of CerealWastes for Construction Appl...

引用

11th International Conference of Ar.Tec.

作者： Cala, Adriana Colajanni, Simona Saeli, Manfredi Univ Palermo Dept Architecture I-90128 Palermo Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9783031718694;9783031718670;9783031718663

Nowadays it is well-known, also by the general public, that the uncontrolled use of non-renewable natural resources, the energy demand increase, and the pollutants emission into the atmosphere have a devastating impact on the environment, on human health, and the society in general. In this scenario, construction is a high concerning sector;hence, there is an urgent need to employ materials with low environmental impact for all those activities connected to the sector, such as construction or redevelopment of buildings, structures and infrastructures according to the required high-performance standards. Moreover, another problem is the generation of enormous quantities of wastes and by-products whose disposal often poses many difficulties, not considering that the usual landfilling causes an additional environmental burden. This study is a part of a doctoral research supported by a PNRR project aimed at the R&D of materials, products and systems for buildings energy improvement, through the valorisation and reuse of secondary raw materials. In particular, this work presents the state of the studies on wastes deriving from the cereal sector, analyzing how they can be reused for the production of more sustainable building materials intended for energy performance improvement as demanded by the current European and national regulations. Cereal wastes reuse, like most of those resulting from the agricultural sector, represents a valid opportunity for a greener construction, also promoting a sustainable approach from the circular economy perspective and in line with the Minimum Environmental Criteria. Therefore, valorisation and reuse of recycled materials in construction would not only reduce their environmental impact, but would also contribute to increase sustainability in construction, a sector that still presents many critical issues connected not only to the actual construction practices, but also to all those activities of production and management that characteri

关键词： Bio-waste Reuse Buildings Materials Energy Efficiency Sustainability Circular Economy

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Validation of the MPC-Based Optimal Control Method for TABS by Unsteady CFD Analysis 9th

Validation of the MPC-Based Optimal Control Method for TABS ...

引用

9th International Building Physics Conference

作者： Huang, Minghao Shiraishi, Yasuyuki Hirakawa, Satoshi Maruyama, Jun Univ Kitakyushu 1-1 HibikinoWakamatsu Ku Kitakyushu Fukuoka Japan Matsuda Hirata Sekkei Co Ltd Environm Design Dept 1-5-17 MotoasakaMinato Ku Tokyo 1078448 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9789819783151;9789819783137;9789819783120

Even in Japan, where summers are hot and humid, in recent years there has been an increase in the introduction of ceiling thermally activated building systems (TABS), which are combined with ventilation systems for space cooling. However, in order to operate TABS efficiently in hot and highly humid climate regions, dynamic control method such as model predictive control (MPC) and comprehensive indoor environment analysis are required to develop the optimal control method for enhancing energy efficiency, ensuring comfortable indoor thermal environment, and preventing condensation. In this study, an optimal control method for ceiling TABS operation is developed using MPC and field measurement data. The proposed control method incorporates condensation prevention constraints while enabling TABS to maintain the optimal surface temperature with floor ventilation to satisfy indoor thermal comfort. In addition, energy consumption is minimized by reducing the frequency of water supply changes and the amount of water supplied. Finally, a large-scale unsteady computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis coupled with MATLAB/Simulink is used to reproduce the ceiling TABS operation to validate the performance of the proposed optimal control method. The proposed MPC method with condensation prevention shows superior control performance and energy efficiency compared to ON/OFF control.

关键词： TABS CFD MPC Condensation prevention

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Wave-Induced Response of Shell-Sand Mixed Seabed Around Slope Breakwater 11th

Wave-Induced Response of Shell-Sand Mixed Seabed Around Slop...

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11th International Conference on Coastal and Ocean engineering

作者： Zhu, Hang Wang, Guangsheng Gong, Lifei Sun, Ping Asumadu, Richard Sui, Titi Hohai Univ Key Lab Coastal Disaster & Protect Minist Educ Nanjing Jiangsu Peoples R China China Harbour Engn Co Ltd Beijing Peoples R China Nanjing Hydraul Res Inst Nanjing Jiangsu Peoples R China Univ Cape Coast Africa Ctr Excellence Coastal Ctr Coastal Management Cape Coast Ghana

ISBN: (纸本)9789819601837;9789819601813;9789819601806

Shell-sand mixed seabed have been observed to reduce pore water pressure amplitudes within the seabed. This characteristic is advantageous for maintaining the stability of foundations supporting marine structures. However, previous research has predominantly focused on idealized conditions, such as wave-induced responses in homogeneous seabed, overlooking the natural heterogeneity of real seabed. This heterogeneity arises from marine biological activities and sedimentation processes, ensuring that natural seabed is inherently spatially heterogeneous. In this study, a series of experiments were conducted using physical models in a wave flume, testing under numerous wave conditions and seabed parameters. The objective was to analyze how varying proportions of shell mixtures affect wave-induced responses in seabed. Key aspects investigated included changes in pore pressure amplitudes. The findings offer valuable insights into how shell content influences the dynamic behavior of seabed under wave action.

关键词： wave seabed response shell-sand mixed seabed slope breakwater

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Enhancing Energy Efficiency and Flexibility in Educational Buildings Through a Deep Reinforcement Learning-Based Controller for Rooftop Units 9th

Enhancing Energy Efficiency and Flexibility in Educational B...

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9th International Building Physics Conference

作者： Brandi, Silvio Pizza, Andrea Buscemi, Giacomo Razzano, Giuseppe Capozzoli, Alfonso Politecn Torino Dept Energy Galileo Ferraris TEBE Res Grp BAEDA Lab Duca Abruzzi 24 I-10129 Turin Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9789819783151;9789819783137;9789819783120

Advanced controllers based on predictive and adaptive frameworks play a pivotal role in the optimisation of building energy management and in the exploitation of building energy flexibility. This study analyses the application of a deep reinforcement learning controller tailored for managing four RoofTop Units (RTUs) serving 4 classrooms in an educational building at Politecnico di Torino Campus, equipped with solar PV panels and a battery storage system. The controller was designed to reduce energy costs while maintaining desirable indoor temperature conditions. The integration of renewable energy sources and storage, provide a holistic approach to the management of integrated energy systems. The control agent was initially trained on a single RTU serving a classroom and successively transferred and deployed on the remaining systems. After the transfer process, the proposed controllers effectively manage each RTU and their interactions, leveraging energy generation and storage to reduce reliance on the grid. To assess the performance of the developed controller, a simulation environment combining Modelica and Python was employed. The simulation results highlight the proposed controller's ability to be effectively transferred among similar systems while achieving improvements in energy management. Compared to a traditional control strategy, the proposed solution effectively reduces operational costs while maintaining comfort standards within the building environment. The results obtained demonstrate the potential of deep reinforcement learning strategy in enhancing building energy management and underscore its effectiveness in increasing the flexibility of integrated energy systems in buildings.

关键词： Energy Efficiency HVAC Systems Deep Reinforcement Learning Control Energy Flexibility Rooftop Units

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Research on Carbon Exchange System Based on the Full Life Cycle 2nd

Research on Carbon Exchange System Based on the Full Life Cy...

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2nd International Conference on Geosynthetics and Environmental engineering

作者： Jiao XinMeng Xie Kang Univ Jinan Sch Civil Engn & Architecture Jinan 250022 Peoples R China Jinan Huaiyin City Construct Investment Grp Co Lt Jinan 250022 Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819777686;9789819777662;9789819777655

Carbon peaks, carbon neutrality, and work are continuously advanced. Energy, industry, waste treatment, agriculture and other aspects are mainly clean carbon emissions in dual carbon work, while forestry is manifested as clean carbon absorption. This chapter conducted a systematic analysis and research from the perspective of technology and industrial. It proposed that the focus of "fixation carbon" is to strengthen the carbon absorption of the ecosystem. Among them Essence The accumulation of forest vegetation will gradually decrease after the growth, maturity, and accumulation volume reaches the peak. Therefore, in order to maintain and improve the carbon exchange utilization rate of forests, we must take into account the protection and utilization of forest resources. It is necessary to continue to improve the production technology of bamboo products, promote carbon transmission of products, and enhance its carbon solidarity. Strive for new breakthroughs in the key technologies of forestry operations, promoting foreign exchange, protection and renewal of tree species, tree species cultivation and updating, and carbon products. Improve the supervision system of forest carbon exchange, explore the accounting method of wetland and bamboo wood products carbon storage, and lay a good foundation for improving carbon exchange capacity, precise monitoring of carbon exchange and carbon exchange transactions.

关键词： Wood carbon exchange Carbon footprint Carbon emissions Life cycle evaluation method LCA

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Effect of Stiffness Variation of Blanket Layer in Formation Layers on Dynamic Response of Ballasted Track Transition Zone 5th

Effect of Stiffness Variation of Blanket Layer in Formation ...

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5th International Conference on Transportation Geotechnics

作者： Haldar, Suman Soni, Anish Kumar Choudhary, Kirti Bhattacharya, Debayan Manna, Bappaditya Indian Inst Technol New Delhi 110016 India

ISBN: (纸本)9789819782239;9789819782215;9789819782208

The dynamic response of ballasted track transition zones is a critical aspect in railway geotechnics, affecting the performance of track geometry. Track stiffness and ballast stress are used as key parameters in finite element (FE) numerical simulations for several types of subgrade soils prevailing in the Indian subcontinent with elastic modulus (E) ranging from 30 to 100 MPa. A smooth transition in stiffness variation at the transition zone has been investigated by providing a blanket layer with varying elastic modulus on the top of the subgrade soil. Provision of a blanket layer results in a 38-55% reduction of stresses transferred to the subgrade, thus preventing subgrade failure, mud pumping, and moisture variation in the subgrade that are commonly encountered in the field. Further, the dynamic response is evaluated for two different axle loads, 25 T and 32.5 T, and two different speeds, 120 km/h and 160 km/h, respectively, to assess the track's performance during typical operational conditions as per standard guidelines of the Indian Railways. The ballast stress and track stiffness are also probed for different initial differential settlements (DS) at the transition zone. The findings of the current study contribute to the design, construction, and maintenance of the ballasted tracks, enabling enhanced performance of railway infrastructure.

关键词： Railway transition Ballasted track Track stiffness Track modulus Differential settlement Blanket layer

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Unveiling the Water Built Heritage: Preliminary Results Towards a Systematic Cataloguing of Italian Ports 11th

Unveiling the Water Built Heritage: Preliminary Results Towa...

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11th International Conference of Ar.Tec.

作者： Cassano, Federica De Fino, Mariella Cantatore, Elena Fatiguso, Fabio Polytech Bari I-70126 Bari Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9783031718571;9783031718557;9783031718540

Since ancient times, Italian ports served as fundamental landing places for travellers and played a crucial role in trade and tourist routes. Between the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century, industrial development caused progressive physical and functional obsolescence of port areas, due to the overcoming of the production models, which they were conceived for. While some structures and infrastructures were upgraded to support the new maritime traffic, others were inadequate for the modern requirements and, thus, dismissed and abandoned, resulting nowadays in assets with a poor state of conservation. From recognizing the value of such built environments related to the maritime culture and processes of cultural stratification, the definition of methods and tools to support recovery and reuse plans is paramount. The present work proposes a cognitive framework to define heritage features of port environments and set up a systematic categorisation process. To this aim, a cataloguing card was proposed and validated on 63 Italian port areas, including their relationship with the territorial surroundings, particularly the urban context, and the functions hosted within. The most recurrent types of heritage assets (over 300 items) were then evaluated, with the support of two national platforms, following a classification among modern, historical, industrial, archaeological, infrastructural and artistic heritage. At the end of the survey, it was found that the available platforms are lacking in data and non-properly meeting the specific research goals. In fact, even when heritage structures and infrastructures are catalogued, relevant information, such as the chronology of historical evolution and graphic descriptive contents, are missed. The results of this work provide some preliminary insights and a starting point for detailed analysis aimed at developing systematic cataloguing systems for the benefit of technicians, administrators and safeguard entities.

关键词： Port Area Cultural Heritage Cataloguing Preservation and Enhancement

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