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检索条件"丛书名=Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering"

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Futureproofing Building Retrofits: Developing a Surrogate Model for Climate Change Adaptation 9th

Futureproofing Building Retrofits: Developing a Surrogate Mo...

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9th International Building Physics Conference

作者： Saad, Mostafa Eicker, Ursula Concordia Univ Montreal PQ Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9789819783113;9789819783090;9789819783083

An innovative and multi-faceted approach is necessary to address the complexities of climate change and its profound impact on the building sector. This approach must meld a nuanced understanding of prevailing climatic trends with robust methodologies aimed at futureproofing building retrofit decisions. Given their extended lifespans of 50-60 years, buildings emerge as primary entities in this environmental challenge, necessitating the development of comprehensive strategies to adapt to these climatic shifts over prolonged durations. However, the existing building energy modelling and retrofit analysis paradigms are beset with computational contingencies, which are further compounded when projecting future scenarios. This research proposes a surrogate model to evaluate building performance against future weather scenarios. The model's foundation is a single-building surrogate constructed utilizing the XGBoost algorithm, selected for its exceptional generalizability. This model is then integrated with morphed weather files corresponding to projected future climates, necessitating selecting a representative environment RCP scenario. Central to this methodology is the application of feature engineering processes designed to amalgamate disparate data structures within a unified model. This is achieved by applying dimensionality reduction techniques, pivotal in distilling and learning critical features from temporal weather data. Manual extraction methods are also proposed to complement this. Employing an autoencoder model facilitates the transformation of these features into a concise latent space representation. The resultant enriched surrogate model can encompass multiyear weather data with its augmented structure. This pivotal enhancement enables instantaneous predictions of future building performance, effectively mitigating the computational burdens associated with long-term assessments. The model's design is responsive to current climatic conditions and exhibits r

关键词： Climate resilience Future weather Surrogate models Dimensionality Reduction Feature Extraction

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Controlled Modulus Columns Supporting Approach Embankment for Clarence River Bridge at Harwood, NSW 5th

Controlled Modulus Columns Supporting Approach Embankment fo...

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5th International Conference on Transportation Geotechnics

作者： Ferrero, Silvia Hubaut, Alexandre Terzaghi, Sergei ARUP Sydney NSW Australia Menard Oceania Macquarie Pk Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9789819782277;9789819782253;9789819782246

As part of the Woolgoolga to Ballina Upgrade project, CMC ground improvement was required to treat the soft soil between 22 and 34 m below surface level to support the structural zone of the new southern approach embankment of Hardwood bridge with design embankment height reaching up to 8.0 m. Wick drains were designed to meet the design requirement within the general embankment area. A combination of CMC and wick drains were designed within the transition zone between the structural zone and the general embankment to allow the settlement to transition between the more restrictive settlement criteria within 20 m behind the abutment and away from the abutment. This paper details the development of the ground improvement design from the early investigation to construction. Design was performed through finite element modelling using FE software Plaxis. Quality control measures and testing of the design have been summarised to verify that the construction has been performed to the designers intent.

关键词： Controlled modulus columns Bridge approach embankment

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Experimental Study on Stabilization of Clayey Soil Using Banana Fiber and Lime

Experimental Study on Stabilization of Clayey Soil Using Ban...

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2023 International Conference on Environmental Geotechnology, Recycled Waste Materials and Sustainable engineering

作者： Paron, Omem Chanu, Longjam Riccirani Rigia, Jeelek Ete, Marjom Kalita, Ajanta NERIST Dept Civil Engn Nirjuli Arunachal Prade India

ISBN: (纸本)9789819783953;9789819783939;9789819783922

This study suggests utilizing banana fiber (BF) and lime (L) as additives to improve the clay soil (S) properties from Pasighat, East Siang district, Arunachal Pradesh. When clay soil interacts with water, it undergoes volumetric changes due to its cyclic swell-shrink behavior, which often leads to foundational and subgrade failures. In this research, 15 sets of soil samples were formulated by blending clay soil with varying levels of BF (0.3, 0.5, and 1% based on dry soil weight) and L (3, 5, and 7% based on dry soil weight). Subsequently, laboratory tests were carried out to examine the properties of these soil samples. These tests included compaction tests, which provided values for the maximum dry density (MDD) and the optimum moisture content (OMC) of the stabilized soil samples. Additionally, unconfined compressive strength (UCS) tests were conducted to assess the effects of banana fiber and lime stabilization at various curing periods: 0, 7, 14, and 28 days. The optimal result occurred with an admixture blend of S + 1%BF + 7%L. After incorporating 1% BF and 7% L into the soil and allowing it to cure for 28 days, the soil reached its highest unconfined compressive strength (UCS) at 267.34 kPa. These findings imply that utilizing BF and L is a cost-effective means of enhancing clayey subgrades.

关键词： Banana fiber Lime Clay soil Unconfined compressive strength (UCS) Maximum dry density (MDD) Optimum moisture content (OMC)

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Research Progress in Preparation, Characterization, Modification and Application of Sludge-Based Biochar and Comparison with Straw Biochar 6th

Research Progress in Preparation, Characterization, Modifica...

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6th International Conference on Advances in civil and Ecological engineering Research

作者： Sun, Zhaonan Shi, Ke Feng, Mengjiao Leng, Jiewen Pan, Yujin Zhang, Li Kou, Wei Yingkou Inst Technol Liaoning Key Lab Chem Addit Synth & Separat Yingkou Peoples R China Northeastern Univ Sch Resources & Civil Engn Shenyang Peoples R China Jiangsu Saiboat Petrochem Co Ltd Lianyungang Peoples R China Shenyang Jianzhu Univ Sch Municipal & Environm Engn Shenyang Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819616299;9789819616275;9789819616268

At present, as the product of sewage treatment, municipal sludge has high water content, organic matter, heavy metals, salts and microorganisms, which will cause serious harm to human body and environment if it is not treated properly in time. At the same time, under the condition that the output of straw agricultural waste is more than 5 billion tons worldwide, efficient conversion treatment methods still need to be further provided. Sludge and straw are the main organic wastes in cities and agriculture, respectively. How to realize effective recycling has become a hot issue of global environmental sustainable development. The way to prepare biochar from organic waste is one of the ways to recycle sludge and straw. Biochar possesses high specific surface area, significant porosity, and abundant functional groups. It holds promising application prospects for efficiently adsorbing and removing tar, organic matter, and heavy metals from waste gas and sewage. Therefore, this paper discusses the utilization ways of sludge and straw solid waste, especially the application status and research progress in environmental governance. Because the environmental and economic conditions in different regions are quite different, there is a lack of in-depth analysis of the economy of agricultural straw and municipal sludge-based biochar and the study of its impact after recycling. Subsequent research can continue to carry out related work in the economic aspect.

关键词： Sludge Stover Biochar Preparation conditions Adsorption Activation Application

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Hydrodynamic Coefficients Analysis of Deepwater BOP Stack Based on CFD 11th

Hydrodynamic Coefficients Analysis of Deepwater BOP Stack Ba...

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11th International Conference on Coastal and Ocean engineering

作者： Wang, Jinlong Chen, Jinghao Sheng, Leixiang Wang, Mingchun CNOOC Res Inst Co Ltd Drilling & Prod Res Dept Beijing 100028 Peoples R China Beijing Inst Petrochem Technol Sch Mech Engn Beijing 102600 Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819601837;9789819601813;9789819601806

BOP stack is important device of deepwater drilling riser system. Due to the complex structure of BOP stack, the hydrodynamic coefficients are not accurate by experience or standard recommended as a range, not a determined value. The hydrodynamic coefficients of deepwater BOP stack needs to be analyzed to get more accurate coefficients. The analysis method for hydrodynamic coefficients is introduced in detail based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) theory. The analysis models are established by large eddy turbulence model (LES). The moving mesh technology is used to simulate the dynamic motion performance of deepwater BOP stack under different current velocity. The hydrodynamic coefficients: drag force coefficient and inertia force coefficient of deepwater BOP stack are obtained. The hydrodynamic coefficients analyses of deepwater BOP stack can provide valuable reference for deepwater drilling engineering applications.

关键词： BOP stack Hydrodynamic Coefficients CFD Moving Mesh Technology

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Monitoring the Reduction of SIUHI Areas by Thermographic Measurements on Green and Gray Infrastructure Assets Generated Through a Project's CIM Information 20th

Monitoring the Reduction of SIUHI Areas by Thermographic Mea...

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20th International Conference on Computing in civil and Building engineering-ICCCBE

作者： Mongeau, Richard Poirier, Erik Andrew St-Jacques, Michele Univ Quebec ETS Montreal PQ H3C 1K3 Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9783031842108;9783031842085;9783031842078

Deadly heat waves regularly strike Montreal's vulnerable population. In its 2020-2030 climate plan, the City of Montreal aims to reduce the total area of surface intra-urban heat islands (SIUHI). The development of a characterization of vegetal and mineral surfaces is advocated for the evaluation of the territorial adaptation to heat waves. While the municipal administration recommends asset management in the rigorous planning of its infrastructures, this research proposes to model gray (street) and green (park) infrastructure assets from CIM information of a project, characterize them into vegetal and mineral surfaces, and monitor the temperature evolution of these surfaces through asset management. An IR thermal camera on board an airplane in 2016 and a drone in 2020 are used to monitor surface temperatures before and after construction of green and gray infrastructure. By establishing the classic vegetal surfaces (grass, plantation, tree) of a park as a reference, we validate to the municipal managers that the new retention surfaces at the time of their implementation, even mineral ones, do not create SIUHI. The approach makes it possible to consider the evaluation of the physical and thermal conditions of streets and parks as part of the activities of the assessment of municipal assets by taking advantage of CIM information.

关键词： surface intra-urban heat island (SIUHI) civil information modeling (CIM) infrastructure asset

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An Open-Source Approach for a Seamless BIM-GIS Integration 20th

An Open-Source Approach for a Seamless BIM-GIS Integration

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20th International Conference on Computing in civil and Building engineering-ICCCBE

作者： Xia, Zhongxin Kandler, Benedikt Schmidt, Jakob Volland, Vivien Mosler, Pascal Eichhorn, Andreas Ruppel, Uwe Tech Univ Darmstadt Inst Numer Methods & Informat Civil Engn Darmstadt Germany Tech Univ Darmstadt Inst Geodesy Darmstadt Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783031842108;9783031842085;9783031842078

With global climate change and the progressing digitization of infrastructural projects, the BIM (Building Information Modeling)-method has become increasingly significant. For planning and managing BIM projects, GIS data is crucial, e.g., in the form of environmental data. Especially for large-scale infrastructure projects, integrating BIM models and GIS (Geographic Information System) data provides advantages. With an information-rich platform that aggregates geographic and infrastructural design information to provide geometric 3D visualization combined with semantic information, processing infrastructural projects can be simplified. Many integrated solutions require complex algorithms and additional manual work for converting and visualizing BIM models. This process potentially leads to the loss of model information or contradictory data. In addition, commercial software is required. We present a new approach for the BIM-GIS integration based on open-source frameworks. Various types of BIM and GIS files can be uploaded to the application. The files are unified in one 3D environment with absolute reference, for which the coordinate reference system of each file is temporarily converted to a user-definable coordinate reference system within the backend. The original files remain unchanged, so the application serves as a viewer and allows the user to view all geographical and infrastructural information. Furthermore, various tasks like coordinate transformation and geometric measurement can be performed. Besides the viewer functionality, the application enables users to annotate the data and provide feedback on the issues found in the BIM models. That allows various stakeholders to share their insights, which is crucial for managing infrastructural projects and seamlessly displaying BIM models and GIS data.

关键词： BIM GIS BIM-GIS Integration Open

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Rural-kit. Integrated Spatial Devices for Multifunctional Rural Farms and Countryside Facilities in Sardinia 11th

Rural-kit. Integrated Spatial Devices for Multifunctional Ru...

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11th International Conference of Ar.Tec.

作者： Agus, Michele Atzeni, Carlo Cabras, Chiara Cadonie, Stefano Margagliotti, Andrea Marras, Francesco Moccie, Silvia Univ Cagliari DICAAR I-09124 Cagliari Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9783031718694;9783031718670;9783031718663

The article is set within the experiences of Cagliari's DICAAR on the sustainable recovery of Sardinia's inland areas and deals with the definition of guidelines for the design and construction of a prototype for multifunctional spaces in rural area. The site chosen for the realization of the prototype is in the locality of Fustiolau, a disused quarry at the center of a process of landscape reintegration, in the historic region of Marmilla. In this specific case, the rural-kit project is aimed at accompanying agro-services, configuring itself as a didactic-experimental building for visiting the area's archaeological sites and for environmental education. The spatial articulation of the device is simple, a barycentric classroom intended to accommodate the primary uses, to which are juxtaposed, along the perimeter, accessory spaces obtained with prefabricated cells in the form of flexible plug-ins, which can be integrated with a variable distribution arrangement. The construction principles of the device are the repeatability of the module, the possibility of disassembly of the construction elements, dry construction, recycling of raw materials, and, above all, the reuse of the constituent elements and the possibility of integral reversibility. From these assumptions, the project is distinguished by simple building elements: the basement that manages the relationship with the ground;plug-ins, load-bearing cells made of recy-cled concrete, which form the building's load-bearing structure and define its metrics;the roof made of glulam and solid wood panels and covered with a metal sheet, a device for microclimatic regulation and renewable energy production. Digitization, sensing and advanced control will enable monitoring of the prototype's environ-mental performance for a multi-year duration during ordinary use to assess its efficiency and degree of overall sustainability.

关键词： Rural Landscape Architectural Prototype Prefabrication Sustainable Design Architectural engineering

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Experimental Study on the Warping of Fusuma and Tear of Paper at Different Temperatures and Humidities on Its Two Sides 9th

Experimental Study on the Warping of Fusuma and Tear of Pape...

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9th International Building Physics Conference

作者： Izukura, Shiori Takatori, Nobumitsu Ogura, Daisuke Okamura, Tomoaki Takabayashi, Hiromi Kida, Keiko Kyoto Univ Katsura Kyoto Univ Nishikyo Ku Kyoto Japan City Kyoto 541 Nijojo ChoNakagyo Ku Kyoto Japan Kyoto City Univ Arts 57-1 Shimono ChoNakagyo Ku Kyoto Japan Univ Tokyo 12-8 Ueno KoenTaito Ku Tokyo Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9789819783151;9789819783137;9789819783120

Fusuma is a type of sliding doors used in Japanese traditional architecture. Fusuma consists of a self-supporting wooden frame and a surface material made of several layers of paper that is often painted. Fusuma are often conserved and exhibited inside buildings such as castles and temples where the temperature and humidity are not controlled. In such environments, differences in temperature and humidity on the two sides of Fusuma often occur, causing their warping and paper tear. However, the mechanism and the relationship between the deterioration of Fusuma and the hygrothermal environment have not yet been clarified. Herein, we aimed to elucidate the physical deterioration mechanisms of Fusuma under conservation and exhibition conditions. In this study, we prepared a Fusuma and placed it in a twin-chamber in which temperature and humidity can be controlled. One side of Fusuma was always kept dry, while the other side was repeatedly exposed to dry and wet conditions. The hygrothermal conditions were assumed to be the actual environment in which Fusuma are exhibited: 30 degrees C and 60% RH for the dry conditions, and 23 degrees C and 90% RH for the wet conditions. The following results were obtained. (1) Fusuma warped toward the wetter environment, and (2) the deformation of the paper was consistent with that of the frame. The latter result cannot be understood without considering the structure of Fusuma. Repeated dry/humid experiments showed little residual strain on the paper under the conditions of this experiment.

关键词： Materials Cultural Heritage Conservation Science

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Sustainable Solutions for Overcoming Challenges of Railway-Induced Vibrations-A Practical Perspective 5th

Sustainable Solutions for Overcoming Challenges of Railway-I...

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5th International Conference on Transportation Geotechnics

作者： Hosseinzadeh, Saeed Vink, Edo Heeres, Otto Schulz, Gerhard Urkmez, Zeynep Merve Maftei, George Arcadis NL-3812 GV Amersfoort Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)9789819782390;9789819782376;9789819782369

Railways (both for freight and passenger) play an essential role in the global target of CO2 reduction. Therefore, existing railway lines' capacity must be increased by means of higher speed, axle loads, and frequency while ensuring safety, reliability, and availability. A balance between investment (CAPEX) and operation/maintenance (OPEX) needs to be achieved in which railway-induced vibrations, therewith geotechnics, play an important role. Examples of overcoming challenges in predicting railway vibration and the effect of railway vibration on the track itself (and therewith on the maintenance) and also on adjacent structures will be presented. The showcases include case studies and applications of semi-empirical and analytical approaches as well as advanced numerical modeling tools in railway projects worldwide. The application of the above methods leads to an optimized design of the railways and, thus, an increase in sustainability. International practices concerning assessing railway vibrations will be discussed. Actual vibration measurement data will be compared with the modeling predictions to demonstrate the reliability of the different methods.

关键词： Railway-vibration Sustainability Measurements

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