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检索条件"丛书名=Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering"

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Causes and Possible Solutions to Road Failure in Nigeria 6th

Causes and Possible Solutions to Road Failure in Nigeria

引用

6th International Conference on Advances in civil and Ecological engineering Research

作者： Adagunodo, Theophilus Aanuoluwa Adeniji, Adetunji Ayokunnu Okeniyi, Elizabeth Toyin Covenant Univ Dept Phys Ota Ogun State Nigeria Bowen Univ Phys Programme Iwo Osun State Nigeria

ISBN: (纸本)9789819616299;9789819616275;9789819616268

Cracks, defects and potholes characterize Nigerian roads. It is difficult to travel a long kilometer without coming across defects on the road, which has resulted in severe challenges and fatal accidents in Nigeria. The individual road has its life expectancy. In most cases, some roads fail before the expected service life. Some failures are noticed immediately after construction, some are observed after flooding, and some failures are revealed as a result of a poor drainage system, while a few others could serve their purpose and life expectancy as a result of adequate maintenance. In Nigeria, transportation via road is an inexpensive and efficient means of transportation for the masses as other transport systems are too expensive or not mature for commercial services. In most cases, the presence of unrestrained axle loads on most of the road networks in Nigeria has resulted in a reduction in the life expectancy of these roads. This chapter briefly reviews the causes of road failure in Nigeria and possible solutions.

关键词： Road failure Road classification Road quality Nigeria Road life expectancy

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Integrating Inspection Data from Non-destructive Tests on In-service Infrastructure into OpenBIM Data Models 20th

Integrating Inspection Data from Non-destructive Tests on In...

引用

20th International Conference on Computing in civil and Building engineering-ICCCBE

作者： Mirboland, Mahsa Schuler, Paul-Christian Artus, Mathias Koch, Christian Bauhaus Univ Weimar Chair Intelligent Tech Design Weimar Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783031842269;9783031842245;9783031842238

Damage identification or inspection tests are vital tools for extracting structural information (SI) data, which may facilitate life-cycle assessment and repair planning processes within the operation and maintenance phase. SI-data of in-service infrastructure are commonly collected using non-destructive or low-destructive damage detection methods. In practice, diagnosticians record inspection data on the field in heterogenous and proprietary data formats, depending on the type of the test and equipment in use. Hence, customarily raw inspection data is not submitted to the operation and maintenance company, but only a PDF report containing analysis results. In recent years, the Architecture, engineering, and Construction (AEC) industry has been leveraging OpenBIM data models, i.e. Industry Foundation Classes (IFC), to streamline project workflows and to centralize data management. For an error-free integration of inspection data into the planning process and for seamless data exchanges between all parties involved, an OpenBIM approach may be employed. This paper aims at evaluating existing capabilities of the IFC data model for inclusion of geometric and semantic inspection data, as well as for visualization and storing of inspection results. To determine the potential of the IFC schema for integrating inspection data, a material testing process on a road bridge is showcased. The as-built model of the bridge is used as the base for a repair planning process, in which damage identification requirements are specified. The resulting data is embedded in the IFC model or is linked to it. Advantages and disadvantages of embedding or linking data for various data formats are evaluated and further use cases from the practice are discussed. It is shown that extending the openBIM approach for inspection data may decrease communication issues and data loss in an error-prone environment, likewise may extend workflow efficiency without the need for investing on new tools or adap

关键词： Inspection tests OpenBIM Industry Foundation Classes Information Delivery Specification

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Enriching IFC Models with Spatial Design Logic and Parametrics to Improve Design Adaptability - The Case of Alignment Grids 20th

Enriching IFC Models with Spatial Design Logic and Parametri...

引用

20th International Conference on Computing in civil and Building engineering-ICCCBE

作者： Wu, Jiabin Esser, Sebastian Nousias, Stavros Borrmann, Andre Tech Univ Munich Arcisstr 21 D-80333 Munich Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783031842108;9783031842085;9783031842078

The Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) data model is broadly used in architectural and construction engineering design. Despite the comprehensive features of the IFC data model, the transfer of design logic and parametrics across different platforms is limited. This is mainly due to the insufficient use of advanced IFC features by the export modules of authoring tools, resulting in the loss of parametrics. To support the exchange of the design logic, this paper introduces an automated enrichment method to enhance IFC data models with explicit design parametrics toward a more adaptable design process. In this paper, we focus on identifying grid logic, which is essential for the spatial reference system. This approach encompasses grid estimation, alignment, and parameter computation, utilizing quantitative thresholds for improved flexibility. By aligning and merging the grid references, relationships between building elements and grids are articulated through grid-based design parametrics. The effectiveness of this approach is demonstrated through a case study. This innovative strategy provides a retrieval mechanism for automatically identifying spatial grid logic, laying the groundwork for rapid design adaptation. The proposed enrichment method can significantly improve the variability of IFC data models in complex architectural and engineering scenarios.

关键词： Building information modeling Industry foundation classes Parametric modeling Reverse engineering

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Employing the Policy Gradient Approach for Strategic Decision-Making in Road Network Infrastructures 20th

Employing the Policy Gradient Approach for Strategic Decisio...

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20th International Conference on Computing in civil and Building engineering-ICCCBE

作者： Sasai, Kotaro Kaito, Kiyoyuki Osaka Univ Grad Sch Engn Suita Osaka 5650871 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9783031842269;9783031842245;9783031842238

Ensuring the longevity and efficient performance of road infrastructures necessitates the creation of sound maintenance and rehabilitation investment strategies. These strategies are instrumental in ensuring that the infrastructure not only lasts longer but also continues to provide the expected level of service, even when there are limitations on available capital resources. This research paper presents an innovative approach to this challenge by leveraging the power of reinforcement learning. The primary objective is to establish an optimal policy that can guide decisions regarding the selection of appropriate maintenance, repair, and rehabilitation options for an interconnected system of road facilities. The foundation of this approach lies in the policy gradient method. Traditional methods often grapple with computational challenges, especially given the myriad of possible combinations of varying network conditions and the range of maintenance and rehabilitation alternatives. However, the method proposed in this paper adeptly circumvents these computational complexities. An essential feature of the devised policy is its ability to recognize and factor in the intricate interdependencies that exist among different facilities within a comprehensive road network. Such a holistic view ensures that decisions made for one facility take into account potential impacts and benefits for others. To validate the efficacy, applicability, and robustness of the proposed reinforcement learning approach, the paper delves into numerical studies. These studies specifically target concrete bridge decks, which are vital components in many road networks. Through these studies, the paper seeks to underline the significant advantages offered by the proposed method, while also highlighting its feasibility for practical implementation and its capacity to deliver superior results. This research contributes a novel method that promises to revolutionize the way road infrastructure maintenanc

关键词： Infrastructure asset management Transport planning Reinforcement learning

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Building Energy Efficiency Improvement with Solid-Solid Phase Change Materials Integrated into Glazing Systems 9th

Building Energy Efficiency Improvement with Solid-Solid Phas...

引用

9th International Building Physics Conference

作者： Arasteh, Hossein Maref, Wahid Saber, Hamed H. Univ Quebec ETS Dept Construct Engn Montreal PQ Canada Royal Commiss Jubail & Yanbu Jubail Ind Coll Deanship Res & Ind Dev & Mech Engn Dept Yanbu 31961 Saudi Arabia

ISBN: (纸本)9789819783076;9789819783052;9789819783045

This research investigates the energy efficiency of a novel double-glazing system incorporating solid-solid phase change materials (SSPCM), which offers significant advantages over the traditional liquid-solid phase change materials for thermal energy storage including no leakage, less phase-segregation, low subcooling, small volume variation, encapsulation-free implementation, extended durability upon thermal cycling, consistent optical properties, and reduced material degradation. Utilizing numerical simulations based on the finite volume method, a proposed double-glazing setup featuring a 2 mm layer of SSPCM applied to the inner glass pane within the air gap is analyzed. The simulations consider various transient temperature values of the SSPCM to evaluate the energy performance of the system under different weather conditions such as Montreal, Vancouver, and Miami during the coldest and hottest days of the year, both in sunny and cloudy conditions. During the summer, the system yields energy savings inVancouver but leads to energy loss in Miami. In Montreal, however, the energy savings are only attained during sunny days. Conversely, in the winter, the energy savings occur across all climatic conditions only during cloudy days, with energy loss observed during sunny days. Furthermore, in cases where energy savings are observed, a higher transient temperature has also contributed to a more efficient system.

关键词： Building Energy Solid-Solid Phase Change Material Zero Energy Buildings

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How the New Insulation Materials Made with Mycelium Compares to Mineral and Hemp Wools? 9th

How the New Insulation Materials Made with Mycelium Compares...

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9th International Building Physics Conference

作者： Grenon, Valerie Maref, Wahid Ouellet-Plamondon, Claudiane Univ Quebec Ecole Technol Super Montreal H3C 1K3 PQ Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9789819783076;9789819783052;9789819783045

The goal of this study is to design an organic material that will be 100% compostable at the end of its useful life. The material is composed of the mycelium of Pleurotus ostreatus grown rye grains and white ash chips. The white ash chips were locally sourced from the activities in the City of Montreal. The objectives are to develop a protocol for the culture of the material and to characterize it and compare it to glass wool and hemp wool, which are two proven insulators. The mycelium is the binder and two sizes of white ash chip were tested: thin and medium. The thermal conductivity was measured using the modified transient plane source sensor. The mycelium on the medium size chip produced the best-isolating properties better than the glass wool and hemp wool. The R factor in SI unit was 15. The wood chip also provided strength to the material. Grown at ambient temperature, its lowcarbon footprint and its absence of synthetic products make mycelium material an environmentally responsible material choice.

关键词： Mycelium thermal insulation hemp wood mineral wood

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Embankment Construction on Swampy Area Using Controlled Modulus Columns (CMC) for Standard Gauge Railway Project in Tanzania 5th

Embankment Construction on Swampy Area Using Controlled Modu...

引用

5th International Conference on Transportation Geotechnics

作者： Karagoz, Lami Erdem, Altan Gokce, Hasan Burak Univ Technol Sydney NSW Australia Menard Oceania & Spiecapag Australia JV Port Moresby Papua N Guinea Yapi Merkezi Construct Istanbul Turkiye

ISBN: (纸本)9789819782277;9789819782253;9789819782246

The new Standard Gauge Railway (SGR) is a railway system in Tanzania, consisting of a 1,224-km-long single linewith a design speed of 160 km/h and linking the country to the neighboring countries of Rwanda, Uganda, Burundi, and the Democratic Republic of Congo. The railway line alignment passes over some soft soil areas where the soil condition consisted of soft and organic clays with a high ground water table, which made the ground conditions swampy and required ground improvement prior to embankment construction. The chainage where the ground improvement is required involves a 6.5-m-high embankment and a culvert construction. The paper presents the design and construction procedures of the controlled modulus columns (CMC) to transfer the load of the foundation block onto a stiffer layer of soil or rock via load transfer platform. As a result, the settlement of the foundation block was reduced while increasing the bearing capacity.

关键词： CMC Ground improvement Embankment Swampy area Soft soil Monitoring Settlement plate

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Uniaxial Compressive Creep Performance of Concrete Based on Composite Portland - Blast Furnace Slag-Limestone Cements 4th

Uniaxial Compressive Creep Performance of Concrete Based on ...

引用

4th FIB International Conference on Concrete Sustainability

作者： Sabtiwu, Moro Dhandapani, Yuvaraj Drewniok, Michal Adu-Amankwah, Samuel Bernal, Susan A. Univ Leeds Sch Civil Engn Leeds W Yorkshire England Aston Univ Sch Engn & Appl Sci Birmingham W Midlands England

ISBN: (纸本)9783031806742;9783031806728;9783031806711

The dimensional stability in stressed states of concrete made with ternary Portland cements containing limestone is not well understood, particularly when the concrete undergoes carbonation. In this study, the dimensional changes of blended slag cements, with and without limestone, under simultaneous compressive stress and accelerated carbonation exposure are reported. Four concretes made with CEM I, CEM I + slag or ternary slag-limestone cements were cured for 7 days before subjecting them to a similar to 30% stress/strength ratio and uniaxial compressive loading under ambient, and accelerated (3% CO2) carbonation exposure up to 28 days. The results show that the creep strain evolution of ternary CEM I-slag concretes with 10 or 20 wt.% limestone addition was comparable to that of binary CEM I-slag concretes, both of which showed lower creep deformation compared to CEM I, under natural or accelerated carbonation exposure. However, greater creep strains were recorded under accelerated carbonation exposure, and the increase was more pronounced in the ternary binder concretes. Under natural exposure conditions, the loaded concretes exhibited less (micro) cracking, which might be potentially reducing the carbonation rates compared to unloaded concretes. The results indicate that partial substitution of CEM I by slag with up to 20% limestone did not significantly reduce carbonation resistance nor dimensional stability of the concrete.

关键词： CEM VI(S-LL) Portland cement-slag-limestone Creep strain accelerated carbonation coupled load and carbonation

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Direct Tensile Testing of Concrete: A Review 4th

Direct Tensile Testing of Concrete: A Review

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4th FIB International Conference on Concrete Sustainability

作者： Gowrikanthan, Nishangani Lees, Janet M. Univ Cambridge Cambridge England

ISBN: (纸本)9783031806742;9783031806728;9783031806711

Concrete is strong in compression but weak in tension. The concrete tensile strength is important in reinforced concrete design since it impacts tension-related issues, such as crack development and the overall structural integrity. This paper summarises the challenges associated with the accurate measurement of concrete tensile strength. A comparison of indirect and direct tensile test methods (DTT) suggests that indirect methods generally overpredict the true tensile strength. Factors affecting DTT results, such as the grade of concrete, specimen shape and size, and casting direction are then discussed. Notably, the possible influence of casting direction due to prismatic specimens being cast horizontally and cylindrical specimens being cast vertically, is explored. The study contributes to the advancement of our understanding of concrete behaviour under tension.

关键词： Concrete tensile strength Direct tension test Size effect Casting direction

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A Systematic Review of Noise Mapping Development Trend Affected by Policies 9th

A Systematic Review of Noise Mapping Development Trend Affec...

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9th International Building Physics Conference

作者： Zhang, Mingfeng Wu, Yuanxiang Meng, Qi Li, Mengmeng Harbin Inst Technol Sch Architecture & Design Key Lab Cold Region Urban & Rural Human Settlemen Minist Ind & Informat Technol Harbin 150001 Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819783199;9789819783175;9789819783168

Noise has a significant adverse effect on the development of healthy urban environments. Currently, noise mapping is a fundamental database and technological instrument for noise control. Therefore, this study seeks to investigate how government policies affect the progress of noise mapping re-search. The paper analyzes the literature associated with noise mapping in the WOS and CNKI database from 2000 to 2023, and delimits the research stage based on the Environmental Noise Directive (END). This study analysis the geographical distribution patterns and hot research field of noise mapping research. The results show as follows: 1) The geographical distribution patterns show clear trends of inter-regional research and a "triple-core, triple-ring" development structure. 2) Research hotspots exhibit diverse development features at different phases. This study's findings highlight how important that policies are for pertaining to noise mapping research and inducing the field's further growth.

关键词： Noise mapping Policy-oriented Research progress Hot research fields

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