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Improving Video Representation of Vision-Language Model with Decoupled Explicit Temporal Modeling 7th

Improving Video Representation of Vision-Language Model with...

引用

7th Chinese Conference on Pattern Recognition and computer Vision

作者： Liu, Yuxi Zheng, Wenyu Chen, Sihong Zheng, Xinming Univ Sci & Technol China Hefei Anhui Peoples R China Tencent Shenzhen Guangdong Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819785100;9789819785117

Vision-Language Pre-trained (VLP) models have shown significant ability in many video tasks. For action recognition, recent studies predominantly use meticulously designed prompt tokens or positional encodings to adapt VLP models to video domains, consequently leading to a reliance on designing and learning processes. Moreover, in mainstream fine-tuning settings, models are guided by downstream tasks, which is a coarse-grained objective toward temporal modeling. To address these issues we propose an Explicit Temporal Modeling (ETM) method that mainly consists of two key designs and is decoupled from the image model. To add temporal supervision, we focus on frame-sequential order and design a temporal-related task in a contrastive manner. To reduce dependence on the quality of design and learning when modeling temporality, we propose a module with temporality-aware computation approaches and make it compatible with the newly added task. Extensive experiments are conducted on real-world datasets, demonstrating that our proposed ETM can improve VLP models' performance on action recognition tasks. Besides, our model also performs generalization ability in few/zero-shot tasks. Code and supplementary are available at https://***/lyxwest/ETM.

关键词： Vision-language pre-trained Video understanding Action recognition

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Rigorous Engineering of Collective Adaptive Systems Introduction to the 5^th Track Edition 12th

Rigorous Engineering of Collective Adaptive Systems Introduc...

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12th International Symposium on Leveraging Applications of Formal Methods, Verification and Validation

作者： Wirsing, Martin De Nicola, Rocco Jaehnichen, Stefan Tribastone, Mirco Ludwig Maximilians Univ Munchen Munich Germany IMT Sch Adv Studies Lucca Lucca Italy TU Berlin Berlin Germany FZI Forschungszentrum Informat Berlin Berlin Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783031751066;9783031751073

A collective adaptive system is made up of cooperating entities that can adjust in real time to evolving, open environments and shifting requirements. To ensure such a system meets its intended goals, rigorous engineering must employ suitable methods and tools. This introduction offers a short overview of the 5(th) edition of the track "Rigorous Engineering of Collective Adaptive Systems" and briefly presents the 20 scientific contributions, organised into seven thematic sections. Large Ensembles and Collective Dynamics, Knowledge, Consciousness and Emergence, Automated Reasoning for Better Interaction, Modelling and Engineering Collective Adaptive Systems, Analysing Collective Adaptive Systems.

关键词： adaptive system collective system ensemble software engineering formal method rigorous method machine learning large language model

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3D Congealing: 3D-Aware Image Alignment in the Wild 18th

3D Congealing: 3D-Aware Image Alignment in the Wild

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18th European Conference on computer Vision (ECCV)

作者： Zhang, Yunzhi Li, Zizhang Raj, Amit Engelhardt, Andreas Li, Yuanzhen Hou, Tingbo Wu, Jiajun Jampani, Varun Stanford Univ Stanford CA 94305 USA Google DeepMind London England Univ Tubingen Tubingen Germany Meta GenAI Paris France Stabil AI London England

ISBN: (纸本)9783031732317;9783031732324

We propose 3D Congealing, a novel problem of 3D-aware alignment for 2D images capturing semantically similar objects. Given a collection of unlabeled Internet images, our goal is to associate the shared semantic parts from the inputs and aggregate the knowledge from 2D images to a shared 3D canonical space. We introduce a general framework that tackles the task without assuming shape templates, poses, or any camera parameters. At its core is a canonical 3D representation that encapsulates geometric and semantic information. The framework optimizes for the canonical representation together with the pose for each input image, and a per-image coordinate map that warps 2D pixel coordinates to the 3D canonical frame to account for the shape matching. The optimization procedure fuses prior knowledge from a pre-trained image generative model and semantic information from input images. The former provides strong knowledge guidance for this under-constraint task, while the latter provides the necessary information to mitigate the training data bias from the pre-trained model. Our framework can be used for various tasks such as pose estimation and image editing, achieving strong results on real-world image datasets under challenging illumination conditions and on in-the-wild online image collections. Project page at https://***/similar to yzzhang/projects/3d-congealing/.

关键词： Image representation

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Racing the Market: An Industry Support Analysis for Pricing-Driven DevOps in SaaS 22nd

Racing the Market: An Industry Support Analysis for Pricing-...

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22nd International Conference on Service Oriented Computing

作者： Garcia-Fernandez, Alejandro Parejo, Jose Antonio Cavero, Francisco Javier Ruiz-Cortes, Antonio Univ Seville I3US Inst SCORE Lab Seville Spain

ISBN: (纸本)9789819608072;9789819608089

The SaaS paradigm has popularized the usage of pricings, allowing providers to offer customers a wide range of subscription possibilities. This creates a vast configuration space for users, enabling them to choose the features and support guarantees that best suit their needs. Regardless of the reasons why changes in these pricings are made, the frequency of changes within the elements of pricings continues to increase. Therefore, for those responsible for the development and operation of SaaS, it would be ideal to minimize the time required to transfer changes in SaaS pricing to the software and underlying infrastructure, without compromising the quality and reliability. This work explores the support offered by the industry for this need. By modeling over 150 pricings from 30 different SaaS over six years, we reveal that the configuration space grows exponentially with the number of add-ons and linearly with the number of plans. We also evaluate 21 different feature toggling solutions, finding that feature toggling, particularly permission toggles, is a promising technique for enabling rapid adaptation to pricing changes. Our results suggest that developing automated solutions with minimal human intervention could effectively reduce the time-to-market for SaaS updates driven by pricing changes, especially with the adoption of a standard for serializing pricings.

关键词： Cloud-based IS engineering Pricing Software as a Service

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Invited Paper: Distributed Computability: A Few Results Masters Students Should Know 21st

Invited Paper: Distributed Computability: A Few Results Mast...

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21st International Conference on Distributed Computing and Intelligent Technology

作者： Raynal, Michel Univ Rennes CNRS INRIA IRISA F-35042 Rennes France Hong Kong Polytech Univ Dept Comp Hung Hom Hong Kong Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9783031814037;9783031814044

As today Informatics is more and more (driven) eaten by its applications, it becomes more and more important to know what can be done and what cannot be done. For a long time now, this is well known in sequential computing. But today the world becomes more and more distributed, and consequently more and more applications are distributed. As a result, it becomes important, or even crucial, to understand what is distributed computing and which are its power and its limits. This article is a step in this direction when looking from an agreement-oriented fault-tolerance point of view.

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Ideal Public Key Encryption, Revisited 18th

Ideal Public Key Encryption, Revisited

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18th International Conference on Provable and Practical Security

作者： Cheng, Yao Lu, Xianhui Li, Ziyi Chinese Acad Sci Inst Informat Engn Key Lab Cyberspace Secur Def Beijing 100049 Peoples R China Univ Chinese Acad Sci Sch Cyber Secur Beijing 100049 Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819609536;9789819609543

To capture all reasonable security properties of public key encryption (PKE), the notion of ideal public key encryption is proposed by Zhandry and Zhang (CRYPTO 20). Informally, an ideal primitive is a minimal structured random function constrained by its definite functionality, that is, it has nothing more than its indispensable functionality. In Zhandry and Zhang's definition, the decryption algorithm returns a rejection symbol for an invalid ciphertext which seems additional to decryption correctness, the indispensable functionality of ideal PKE. So, we propose to replace the property of explicit rejection of invalid ciphertexts with implicit rejection of invalid ciphertexts which seems more compact and suitable to the definition of ideal PKE. We aim to explore the relationship between them by investigating the existence of an efficient transformation between them. As a first step, we explore the implication from the situation of implicit rejection to that of explicit rejection by providing a transformation from the former to the latter. For the other direction, we provide only an intuitive separation conjecture at this point. Additionally, we discuss the construction of ideal PKE with implicit rejection to demonstrate its feasibility.

关键词： Ideal Primitives Public Key Encryption Indifferentiability

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Critical Path Identification in Supply Chain Knowledge Graphs with Large Language Models

Critical Path Identification in Supply Chain Knowledge Graph...

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21st International Conference on The Semantic Web (ESWC)

作者： Han, Yaomengxi Ding, Zifeng Liu, Yushan He, Bailan Tresp, Volker Siemens AG Munich Germany Tech Univ Munich Munich Germany Ludwig Maximilian Univ Munich Munich Germany Munich Ctr Machine Learning Munich Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783031789519;9783031789526

In the ever-evolving landscape of global commerce, supply chain management (SCM) has gained increasing significance. An important task in SCM is to find critical supply chain paths for a target company because these paths often represent potential bottlenecks in supply networks and thus could be crucial to risk management. The mainstream solution to this task requires supply chain managers to manually review supply chain data to uncover critical paths, resulting in considerable human labor costs. To better study SCM, recent efforts have been made to construct supply chain knowledge graphs (KGs) that connect supply chain-related data from different sources, facilitating the identification of critical paths through KG reasoning. In this paper, we develop an automated approach for critical path identification (CPI) based on supply chain KGs. We encode supply chain KGs into text and use large language models (LLMs) for CPI. LLMs can not only analyze the topological KG information but also leverage their world knowledge for better path identification. We experiment with two popular LLMs, i.e., GPT3.5 and GPT-4, and find that they are able to do CPI and meanwhile generate reasonable explanations.

关键词： Knowledge graph

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Unsupervised Effectiveness Estimation Measure Based on Rank Correlation for Image Retrieval 19th

Unsupervised Effectiveness Estimation Measure Based on Rank ...

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19th International Symposium on Visual Computing

作者： Castilho Almeida, Thiago Cesar Valem, Lucas Pascotti Guimaraes Pedronette, Daniel Carlos Sao Paulo State Univ UNESP Rio Claro SP Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9783031773884;9783031773891

In recent years, the amount of image data has increased exponentially, driven by advancements in digital technologies. As the volume of data expands, the efforts required for labeling also escalate, which is costly and time-consuming. This scenario highlights the critical need for methods capable of delivering effective results in scenarios with few or no labels at all. In unsupervised retrieval, the task of Query Performance Prediction (QPP) is crucial and challenging, as it involves estimating the effectiveness of a query without labeled data. Besides promising, the QPP approaches are still largely unexplored for image retrieval. Additionally, recent approaches require training and do not exploit rank correlation to model the data. To address this gap, we propose a novel QPP measure named Accumulated JaccardMax, which considers contextual similarity information and innovates by exploiting a recent rank correlation measure to assess the effectiveness of ranked lists. It provides a robust estimation by analyzing the ranked lists in different neighborhood depths and does not require any training or labeled data. Extensive experiments were conducted across 5 datasets and over 20 different features including hand-crafted (e.g., color, shape, texture) and deep learning (e.g., Convolutional Networks and Vision Transformers) models. The results reveal that the proposed unsupervised measure exhibits a high correlation with the Mean Average Precision (MAP) in most cases, achieving results that are better or comparable to the baseline approaches in the literature.

关键词： Query Performance Prediction Image Retrieval

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A Taxonomy for Enhancing Metacognitive Adaptivity and Personalization in Serious Games Using Multimodal Trace Data 10th

A Taxonomy for Enhancing Metacognitive Adaptivity and Person...

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10th Joint International Conference on Serious Games

作者： Azevedo, Roger Dever, Daryn Wiedbusch, Megan Brosnihan, Annamarie Delgado, Tara Marano, Cameron Patel, Milouni Smith, Kevin Univ Cent Florida Sch Modeling Simulat & Training Orlando FL 32826 USA Univ Florida Inst Adv Learning Technol Sch Teaching & Learning Coll Educ Gainesville FL 32611 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9783031741371;9783031741388

This paper presents a theoretically-driven and empirically-based preliminary taxonomy for optimizing metacognitive adaptivity and personalization in serious games by leveraging multimodal trace data. By integrating diverse sources of multimodal trace data, such as eye tracking, log files, concurrent verbalizations, facial expressions of emotions, physiological sensors, and screen recordings, the taxonomy aims to capture nuanced insights into learners' metacognitive processes during gameplay. Our taxonomy focuses on six specific metacognitive processes, including judgments of learning (JOLs), feelings of knowing (FOKs), content evaluations (CEs), monitoring progress towards goals (MPTG), and monitoring use of strategies (MUS), and self-questioning (SQ). These metacognitive processes are critical in learning, reasoning, and problem solving across several learning technologies, including serious games. We provide operational definitions and examples of how each process can be captured by each multimodal data channel during gameplay. More specifically, the taxonomy facilitates the development of serious games that dynamically adjust difficulty levels, provide personalized feedback, and offer tailored scaffolding to enhance metacognitive development using advanced machine learning techniques, including generative AI, for real-time multimodal analysis. Through this taxonomy, researchers and developers can design and evaluate adaptive serious games that optimize metacognitive awareness, monitoring, regulation, and reflection, contributing to advancing the science of learning with serious games. Lastly, future research needs to empirically test these recommendations, andwe expect further refinements based on such testing with different serious games across various learners, tasks, domains, and educational contexts.

关键词： Serious games Metacognition Adaptivity Personalization Multimodal data Taxonomy

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VeriCode: Correct Translation of Abstract Specifications to C Code 19th

VeriCode: Correct Translation of Abstract Specifications to ...

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19th International Conference on Integrated Formal Methods

作者： Schellhorn, Gerhard Bodenmueller, Stefan Reif, Wolfgang Univ Augsburg Inst Software & Syst Engn Augsburg Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783031765537;9783031765544

The semantics of logics is based on valuations that map variables to values, while programming languages cannot store complex values atomically. They have a pointer semantics where complex data is stored on the heap, linked with pointers. The standard approach to bridge the semantic gap between algebraic specifications and executable programs is to translate algebraic data types, recursive definitions and programs to functional code with immutable data types. Since functional programs are often less efficient than C programs due to the lack (or limited use) of mutation and the requirement of using garbage collection, we develop a different approach in this paper that is based on always mutating data structures but keeping different ones disjoint. The approach generates efficient C programs from the specifications, which have a pointer semantics and explicitly allocate and free memory on the heap. Formal specifications are given for the semantics of a core source and target language that allow to demonstrate the main transformations necessary and prove their correctness. The approach has been implemented for the full language and produces working C code.

关键词： Code Generation Algebraic Specifications Efficient C Code Pointer Semantics Small-Step Semantics Separation Logic

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