Understanding human interactions and social structures is an incredibly important task, especially in such an interconnected world. One task that facilitates this is Stance Detection, which predicts the opinion or att...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783031785375;9783031785382
Understanding human interactions and social structures is an incredibly important task, especially in such an interconnected world. One task that facilitates this is Stance Detection, which predicts the opinion or attitude of a text towards a target entity. Traditionally, this has often been done mainly via the use of text-based approaches, however, recent work has produced a model (CT-TN) that leverages information about a user's social network to help predict their stance, outperforming certain cross-target text-based approaches. Unfortunately, the data required for such graph-based approaches is not always available. This paper proposes two novel tools for Stance Detection: the Ego Network Model (ENM) and the Signed Ego Network Model (SENM). These models are founded in anthropological and psychological studies and have been used within the context of social network analysis and related tasks (e.g., link prediction). Stance Detection predictions obtained using these features achieve a level of accuracy similar to the graph-based features used by CT-TN while requiring less and more easily obtainable data. In addition to this, the performances of the inner and outer circles of the ENM, representing stronger and weaker social ties, respectively are compared. Surprisingly, the outer circles, which contain more numerous but less intimate connections, are more useful for predicting stance.
Fractional non-fungible tokens (NFTs) represent a transformative innovation within the NFT landscape, potentially reshaping the foundational architecture of NFTs and unlocking novel opportunities for investors. Despit...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783031692307;9783031692314
Fractional non-fungible tokens (NFTs) represent a transformative innovation within the NFT landscape, potentially reshaping the foundational architecture of NFTs and unlocking novel opportunities for investors. Despite the promise of this innovation, a considerable challenge arises in the context of NFT ownership. This study introduces an innovative Bayesian Stackelberg game model designed to reconstitute NFTs. A penalty mechanism is also introduced to encourage the reconstitution. We establish the existence of a distinctive Stackelberg equilibrium, providing explicit solutions for computing equilibrium prices. To illustrate the application of our model, we present numerical examples to offer practical insights into its implementation.
Despite being deployed in Canadian municipal elections since 2003, online ballots were not used in binding elections at higher levels of government until the Northwest Territories' adoption of online voting for ab...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783031722431;9783031722448
Despite being deployed in Canadian municipal elections since 2003, online ballots were not used in binding elections at higher levels of government until the Northwest Territories' adoption of online voting for absentee voters in its territorial elections in 2019 and 2023. Municipal and Indigenous use of online voting in Canada are well studied, but implementation at higher orders of government have not yet been examined. Drawing on an original data set of online voters in the 2023 Northwest Territories territorial election, we examine who votes online in higher order elections, attitudes towards the voting mode, and its impact on engagement. Throughout our analysis, we simultaneously compare these data to original data from online voter exit surveys conducted during the 2022 Ontario municipal elections. We find that uncommitted voters outside of Yellowknife would not have voted without the online option. Similarly, for municipal voters, we find that age and past voting record correlate with whether the online option influenced electors to cast a ballot.
Students can think and they are creative, yet education in interactive narratives and related field does not always support creativity and critical thinking skills. As a result, students struggle to fully grasp the le...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783031784491;9783031784507
Students can think and they are creative, yet education in interactive narratives and related field does not always support creativity and critical thinking skills. As a result, students struggle to fully grasp the learning material and lack the ability to critically assess existing knowledge. In particular, aspects of theory, method and industry practices are often taught only as a passive exercise of receiving static knowledge and not as a dynamically growing body of knowledge. We see this status quo as a missed opportunity, especially when it comes to integrating students into research projects, where critical assessment and further developments of theoretical frameworks and research methods is a necessity. In this paper, we present an analysis of the current situation and an initial framework to improve education, with the aim to empower students' critical thinking skills and creative abilities when it comes to theory, method, and design practices.
Historians and related disciplinary scientists have been long debating about the historical research as getting close to exact sciences or as a more or less structured narratives. Then, the developments of the WWW and...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783031784491;9783031784507
Historians and related disciplinary scientists have been long debating about the historical research as getting close to exact sciences or as a more or less structured narratives. Then, the developments of the WWW and of the interactive media in general have included the digital formats into the debate, mostly with display applications for public history. However, the potential of interactive media for research purposes have remained under-explored, together with their relationship to major historiographic questions. This paper aims at proposing interactive digital narratives (IDNs) to overcome the limitations of linear narratives for historical research. The Historygraphia system supports the development of an IDN, through the interconnection of narratives through a semantic labeling that overcomes the barriers of the diverse history-related disciplines (history of art, history of architecture, archaeology, medieval history, ... ). The system has been experienced and preliminarily evaluated for its effectiveness in addressing the development of historical narratives and the discovery of novel interconnections.
Tangible interactive narrative has been increasingly recognized as an emergent form of interactive digital narrative yet still underdeveloped both theoretically and in practice. Built on previous work by the authors a...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783031784521;9783031784538
Tangible interactive narrative has been increasingly recognized as an emergent form of interactive digital narrative yet still underdeveloped both theoretically and in practice. Built on previous work by the authors and from the field, this paper explores new affordances of tangible narrative by examining the making and evaluation of a novel design case, The Non-myth of the Noble Red. To experience the story, users engage with the narrative system using cardboard puppets enhanced with sensors and moving them around in a physical space, with story contents delivered via audio. We discuss the potential influences of such affordances as interactive puppets, physically interactive spaces, and multiplayer interaction in creating varied user experiences. Our work contributes to the field of tangible interactive narrative with a design case both as an example for future analysis and as a platform to uncover unique design challenges for tangible storytelling.
We present Owl, an augmented password-authenticated key exchange (PAKE) protocol that is both efficient and supported by security proofs. Owl is motivated by recognized limitations in SRP-6a and OPAQUE. SRP-6a is the ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783031786785;9783031786792
We present Owl, an augmented password-authenticated key exchange (PAKE) protocol that is both efficient and supported by security proofs. Owl is motivated by recognized limitations in SRP-6a and OPAQUE. SRP-6a is the only augmented PAKE that has enjoyed wide use in practice to date, but it lacks the support of formal security proofs, and does not support elliptic curve settings. OPAQUE was proposed in 2018 as a provably secure and efficient alternative to SRP-6a, and was chosen by the IETF in 2020 for standardization, but open issues leave it unclear whether OPAQUE will replace SRP-6a in practice. Owl is obtained by efficiently adapting J-PAKE to an asymmetric setting, providing additional security against server compromise yet with lower computation than J-PAKE. Owl is provably secure, efficient and agile in supporting implementations in diverse multiplicative groups and elliptic curve settings. To the best of our knowledge, Owl is the first augmented PAKE solution that provides systematic advantages over SRP-6a in terms of security, computation, message sizes, and agility.
Blockchain applications are witnessing rapid evolution, necessitating the integration of upgradeable smart contracts. Software patterns have been proposed to summarize upgradeable smart contract best practices. Howeve...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783031692307;9783031692314
Blockchain applications are witnessing rapid evolution, necessitating the integration of upgradeable smart contracts. Software patterns have been proposed to summarize upgradeable smart contract best practices. However, research is missing on the comparison of these upgradeable smart contract patterns, especially regarding gas costs related to deployment and execution. This study aims to provide an in-depth analysis of gas costs associated with two prevalent upgradeable smart contract patterns: the proxy and diamond patterns. The proxy pattern utilizes a proxy pointing to a logic contract, while the diamond pattern enables a proxy to point to multiple logic contracts. A comparative analysis of gas costs for both patterns is conducted and compared to a traditional non-upgradeable smart contract. From this analysis, a theoretical contribution is derived in the form of two consolidated blockchain patterns and a corresponding decision model.
We consider the impact of trading fees on the profits of arbitrageurs trading against an automated marker marker (AMM) or, equivalently, on the adverse selection incurred by liquidity providers due to arbitrage. We ex...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783031786754;9783031786761
We consider the impact of trading fees on the profits of arbitrageurs trading against an automated marker marker (AMM) or, equivalently, on the adverse selection incurred by liquidity providers due to arbitrage. We extend the model of Milionis et al. [10] for a general class of two asset AMMs to both introduce fees and discrete Poisson block generation times. In our setting, we are able to compute the expected instantaneous rate of arbitrage profit in closed form.
Social networks are the natural space for the spreading of information and influence and have become a media themselves. Several models capturing that diffusion process have been proposed, most of them based on the In...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783031785405;9783031785412
Social networks are the natural space for the spreading of information and influence and have become a media themselves. Several models capturing that diffusion process have been proposed, most of them based on the Independent Cascade (IC) model or on the Linear Threshold (LT) model. The IC model is probabilistic while the LT model relies on the knowledge of an actor to be convinced, reflected in an associated individual threshold. Although the LT-based models contemplate an individual threshold for each actor in the network, the existing studies so far have always considered a threshold of 0.5 equal in all actors (i.e., a simple majority activation criterion). Our main objective in this work is to start the study on how the dissemination of information on networks behaves when we consider other options for setting those thresholds and how many network actors end up being influenced by this dissemination. For doing so, we consider a recently introduced centrality measure based on the LT model, the Forward Linear Threshold Rank (FwLTR), which is the natural interpretation of the Linear Threshold Rank on directed networks. We experimentally analyze the ranking properties for several networks in which the influence resistance threshold follows different schemes. Here we consider three different schemes: (1) uniform, in which all players have the same value;(2) random, where each player is assigned a threshold u.a.r. in a prescribed interval;and (3) determined by the value of another centrality measure on the actor. Our results show that the selection has a clear impact on the ranking, even quite significant and abrupt in some cases. We conclude that the social networks ranks that provide the best assignments for the individual thresholds are FwLTR and the well-known PageRank.
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