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检索条件"丛书名=Lecture Notes in Computer Science"

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Dissecting the Advocacy Discourse Behind the #StopAsianHate Movement on X/Twitter 16th

Dissecting the Advocacy Discourse Behind the #StopAsianHate ...

引用

16th International Conference on Social Networks Analysis and Mining

作者： Sha, Yuze Micallef, Nicholas Wu, Yan Univ Lancaster Dept Linguist & English Language Lancaster England Swansea Univ Dept Comp Sci Swansea W Glam Wales Swansea Univ Dept Literature Media & Language Swansea W Glam Wales

ISBN: (纸本)9783031785474;9783031785481

This paper takes a multidisciplinary approach and conducts a three-dimensional analysis of #StopAsianHate tweets from January 1, 2021, to December 31, 2022 by combining computer science, applied linguistics, and cultural studies. It employs a 'funnel approach', from a broad examination to specific sentimental and linguistic dimensions within the top 10% most engaged tweets. The analysis reveals that the #StopAsianHate hashtag is primarily used for counter-discourse against Anti-Asian hate crime, expressing collective in-group identity and inclusionary out-group solidarity against racism. A key finding is the representation of Asian people as the 'model minority', derived from combined analyses of sentiments, politeness, toxicity, and Corpus-Assisted Critical Discourse Analysis of the tweets. The #StopAsianHate movement is characterised as moderate, evidenced by the large number of tweets with positive sentiment scores and frequent relational identification, which refers to anti-racism supporters as 'friends', 'folks', and 'family'. Though negative sentiment scores are also prevalent, they are found non-toxic and can be explained by tweet genre's rare use of polite expressions, as well as the prominence of #StopAsianHate thematic words such as 'hate', 'racism', and 'crime', serving as tools to challenge racism. Most notably, the study provides fresh insights into the growing self-reflective collective awareness of the negative impacts of 'model minority' stereotypes within the Asian communities and discusses ongoing opportunities and challenges in #StopAsianHate movement.

关键词： #StopAsianHate model minority social media digital activism sentiment analysis corpus-assisted critical discourse analysis

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Burstiness in Emotions: A Case Study on Collective Affective Responses in Italian Soccer Fandoms 16th

Burstiness in Emotions: A Case Study on Collective Affective...

引用

16th International Conference on Social Networks Analysis and Mining

作者： Citraro, Salvatore Mauro, Giovanni Ferragina, Emanuele CNR ISTI Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 1 Pisa Italy Univ Pisa Largo Bruno Pontecorvo 3 Pisa Italy IMT Lucca Piazza S Francesco 19 Lucca Italy SciencesPo Rue St Guillaume 27 Paris France

ISBN: (纸本)9783031785405;9783031785412

The bursty nature of emotions is rarely investigated outside cognitive and psychological studies. Therefore this work addresses a gap in the literature, investigating the phenomenon of emotional burstiness using tools from the analysis of complex systems, and considering as case-study soccer fans' affective responses on social media. We reconstruct collective reactions on Instagram posts from official accounts of 40 Italian football teams during the first round of the 2023-2024 season - 20 teams from Serie B (the second tier of Italian Football) and the 20 most followed teams in Serie C (the third tier). With this data, we build sequences of emotional signals for four types of emotions: joy, anger, sadness, and fear. Our analysis reveals trends of anti-burstiness in expressions of joy among users, reflecting fans' consistent support for teams, occasionally interspersed by bursts of anger and sadness, with no signals of fear. This preliminary investigation provides insights for the understanding of emotional dynamics in online discussions and team supporting in soccer leagues.

关键词： burstiness memory time series emotions

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Making Social Platforms Accessible: Emotion-Aware Speech Generation with Integrated Text Analysis 16th

Making Social Platforms Accessible: Emotion-Aware Speech Gen...

引用

16th International Conference on Social Networks Analysis and Mining

作者： De, Suparna Bostan, Ionut Sastry, Nishanth Univ Surrey Sch Comp Sci & Elect Engn Guildford Surrey England Nquiringminds Univ Pkwy Southampton SO16 7PT Hants England

ISBN: (纸本)9783031785535;9783031785542

Recent studies have outlined the accessibility challenges faced by blind or visually impaired, and less-literate people, in interacting with social networks, in-spite of facilitating technologies such as monotone text-to-speech (TTS) screen readers and audio narration of visual elements such as emojis. Emotional speech generation traditionally relies on human input of the expected emotion together with the text to synthesise, with additional challenges around data simplification (causing information loss) and duration inaccuracy, leading to lack of expressive emotional rendering. In real-life communications, the duration of phonemes can vary since the same sentence might be spoken in a variety of ways depending on the speakers' emotional states or accents (referred to as the one-to-many problem of text to speech generation). As a result, an advanced voice synthesis system is required to account for this unpredictability. We propose an end-to-end context-aware Text-to-Speech (TTS) synthesis system that derives the conveyed emotion from text input and synthesises audio that focuses on emotions and speaker features for natural and expressive speech, integrating advanced natural language processing (NLP) and speech synthesis techniques for real-time applications. Our system also showcases competitive inference time performance when benchmarked against the state-of-the-art TTS models, making it suitable for real-time accessibility applications.

关键词： Text-to-Speech Emotion embeddings Sentiment detection

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Five Patterns of Vaccine Misinformation on Telegram 16th

Five Patterns of Vaccine Misinformation on Telegram

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16th International Conference on Social Networks Analysis and Mining

作者： Malini, Fabio Sodre, Francis Cavalini, Athus Herkenhoff, Gabriel Goveia, Fabio Univ Fed Espirito Santo Dept Commun Vitoria ES Brazil Univ Fed Espirito Santo Postgrad Program Publ Hlth Vitoria ES Brazil Univ Fed Espirito Santo Postgrad Program Comp Sci Vitoria ES Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9783031785474;9783031785481

The high production of information during the COVID-19 pandemic, characterized by the WHO as an "infodemic", has fueled uncertainties and anti-science discourse, particularly on social media. This phenomenon has significantly contributed to vaccine hesitancy, evident in Brazil's low childhood vaccination rates against COVID-19, where only 10% were fully vaccinated. To address this challenge, this study analyzed over 1.8 million messages shared in 248 Telegram anti-vaccine channels between July 1, 2022 and January 31, 2023. Using a methodological approach based on the use of data science and data analysis techniques, we identified five common types of vaccine misinformation: 1) pseudo-protective (propagating pseudo-protective measures against 'experimental vaccines');2) immunological (building clinical stories that would demonstrate the reduction of immunity due to immunization);3) false utility (disseminating legal and argumentative instructions for parents not to vaccinate their children);4) medicalizing (highlighting medical reports to legitimize false or inaccurate facts);and 5) conspiracist (spreading conspiracy theories based on the idea that global corporations want to subjugate people with eugenic policies). These findings offer valuable insights for health professionals and managers to strategically develop targeted communication campaigns to counter these narratives and address vaccine hesitancy.

关键词： Misinformation Telegram Vaccine COVID-19

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GoAT: File Geolocation via Anchor Timestamping 28th

GoAT: File Geolocation via Anchor Timestamping

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28th International Conference on Financial Cryptography and Data Security

作者： Maram, Deepak Kelkar, Mahimna Bentov, Iddo Juels, Ari Cornell Tech New York NY 10044 USA Mysten Labs Palo Alto CA 94301 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9783031786785;9783031786792

Decentralized storage systems are a crucial component of the rapidly growing blockchain ecosystem. They aim to achieve robustness by proving that they store multiple replicas of every file. They have a serious limitation, though: They cannot prove that file replicas are spread across distinct systems, e.g., different hard drives. Consequently, files are vulnerable to loss in a single, locally catastrophic event. We introduce a new primitive, Proof of Geo-Retrievability or PoGeoRet, that proves that a file is located within a strict geographic boundary. Using PoGeoRet, one can, for example, prove that a file is spread across several distinct geographic regions-and by extension across multiple systems, e.g., hard drives. We define what it means for a PoGeoRet scheme to be complete and sound, extending prior formalism in key ways. We also propose GoAT, a practical PoGeoRet scheme to prove file geolocation. Unlike previous geolocation systems that only offer nominal geolocation guarantees and require dedicated anchors, GoAT geolocates provers using any timestamping server on the internet with a fixed, known location as a geolocation anchor. GoAT's geolocation guarantees directly depend on the physical constraints of the internet, making them very reliable. GoAT internally uses a communication-efficient Proof-of-Retrievability (PoRet) scheme in a novel way to achieve constant-size PoRet-component in its proofs. We validate GoAT's practicality by conducting an initial measurement study to find usable anchors and perform a real-world experiment. The results show that a significant fraction of the internet can be used as anchors and that GoAT achieves geolocation radii as low as 500 km.

关键词： Hard disk storage

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Improved YOSO Randomness Generation with Worst-Case Corruptions 28th

Improved YOSO Randomness Generation with Worst-Case Corrupti...

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28th International Conference on Financial Cryptography and Data Security

作者： Liu-Zhang, Chen-Da Masserova, Elisaweta Ribeiro, Joao Soni, Pratik Thyagarajan, Sri AravindaKrishnan Lucerne Univ Appl Sci & Arts Zug Switzerland Web3 Fdn Zug Switzerland Carnegie Mellon Univ Pittsburgh PA USA NOVA LINCS & NOVA Sch Sci & Technol Caparica Portugal Univ Utah Salt Lake City UT USA NTT Res Sunnyvale CA USA

ISBN: (纸本)9783031786785;9783031786792

We study the problem of generating public unbiased randomness in a distributed manner within the recent You Only Speak Once (YOSO) framework for stateless multiparty computation, introduced by Gentry et al. in CRYPTO 2021. Such protocols are resilient to adaptive denial-of-service attacks and are, by their stateless nature, especially attractive in permissionless environments. While most works in the YOSO setting focus on independent random corruptions, we consider YOSO protocols with worst-case corruptions, a model introduced by Nielsen et al. in CRYPTO 2022. Prior work on YOSO public randomness generation with worst-case corruptions designed information-theoretic protocols for t corruptions with either n = 6t+ 1 or n = 5t roles, depending on the adversarial network model. However, a major drawback of these protocols is that their communication and computational complexities scale exponentially with t. In this work, we complement prior inefficient results by presenting and analyzing simple and efficient protocols for YOSO public randomness generation secure against worst-case corruptions in the computational setting. Our first protocol is based on publicly verifiable secret sharing and uses n = 3t+ 2 roles. Since this first protocol requires setup and some-what heavy cryptographic machinery, we also provide a second lighter protocol based on ElGamal commitments and verifiable secret sharing which uses n = 5t + 4 or n = 4t + 4 roles depending on the underlying network model. We demonstrate the practicality of our second protocol by showing experimental evaluations, significantly improving over prior proposed solutions for worst-case corruptions, especially in terms of transmitted data size.

关键词： Denial-of-service attack

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Teaching Task Specification Efficiently in Introductory Programming Courses in Higher Education 17th

Teaching Task Specification Efficiently in Introductory Prog...

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17th International Conference on Informatics in Schools: Situation, Evolution and Perspectives-ISSEP

作者： Horvath, Gyozo Eotvos Lorand Univ Pazmany Peter Setany 1-C H-1117 Budapest Hungary

ISBN: (纸本)9783031734731;9783031734748

In introductory programming courses in higher education, systematic problem-solving consists of three interdependent steps: 1) the specification of the task, 2) the algorithm of the solving program, and 3) the implementation of the algorithm. During the specification phase, numerous decisions are made that help to describe subsequent steps, making specification a crucial stage in the design process, mainly when we use stricter analogous programming approaches, like derivation. However, the formal language used for the specification requires a considerable level of abstraction, so in practice this part of the task solution is often incomplete or incorrect from students. In this article, we aim to explore the challenges associated with the specification step in introductory programming courses in higher education. Additionally, we introduce a tool designed to alleviate these issues and elevate the specification process to the same level of experience as writing algorithms and code during problem solving.

关键词： formal specification analogous programming teaching programming higher education

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On the Complexity and Approximability of Bounded Access Lempel Ziv Coding 1

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28th International Conference on Developments in Language Theory (DLT)

作者： Cicalese, Ferdinando Ugazio, Francesca Univ Verona Dept Comp Sci Str Grazie 15 I-37134 Verona Italy

ISBN: (数字)9783031661594

ISBN: (纸本)9783031661587;9783031661594

We study the complexity of constructing an optimal parsing phi of a string s = s(1)... s(n) under the constraint that given a position p in the original text, and the LZ76 (also known as LZ77 or simply Lempel-Ziv) encoding of T based on phi, it is possible to identify/decompress the character s(p) by performing at most c accesses to the LZ encoding, for a given integer c. We refer to such a parsing phi as a c-bounded access LZ parsing or c-BLZ parsing of s. We show that for any constant c the problem of computing the optimal c-BLZ parsing of a string, i.e., the one with the minimum number of phrases, is NP-hard and also APX hard, i.e., no PTAS can exist under the standard complexity assumption P not equal NP. We also study the ratio between the sizes of an optimal c-BLZ parsing of a string s and an optimal LZ76 parsing of s (which can be greedily computed in polynomial time).

关键词： Lempel Ziv parsing bounded access encoding NP-hardness approximation

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Guided Fantasy: A Research Method for Innovative Products 13th

Guided Fantasy: A Research Method for Innovative Products

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13th International Conference on Design, User Experience and Usability (DUXU)

作者： Renzi, Adriano Bernardo MobileLive Inc Toronto ON M5J 1A7 Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9783031613524;9783031613531

Larry Tesler developed the first experimentation with Guided Fantasy in 1973, together with Tim Mott, at the Parc labs at Xerox. The method was one of many user-centered methods used to test usability at the lab (Moggride 2007, p.48.). While research methods and usability testing such as heuristic evaluation, think-aloud protocol, cooperative evaluation, etc., help investigate pain points and usability issues, and map users' expectations and mental models, the Guided Fantasy allows researchers to map how a new system should be structured based on users' cultural conventions and references. It allows designers and developers to build a new product together with users. This paper presents the remapping of the method 50 years later, through three experiments conducted in both in-person and remote contexts, detailing the process and results for discussion and new learnings. The three projects used for the experiments described here are related to project management, banking systems and telecom service.

关键词： UX research UX methods Innovation

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Constructing Compelling Persuasive Messages: A Pilot Study Among University Students Assessing Three Persuasive Technology Strategies 6th

Constructing Compelling Persuasive Messages: A Pilot Study A...

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6th International Conference on Adaptive Instructional Systems (AIS) Held as Part of the 26th International Conference on Human-computer Interaction (HCII)

作者： Orji, Fidelia A. Gutierrez, Francisco J. Vassileva, Julita Univ Saskatchewan Dept Comp Sci Saskatoon SK Canada Univ Chile Dept Comp Sci Santiago Chile

ISBN: (纸本)9783031606083;9783031606090

Persuasive messages and communications are powerful tools for influencing individuals' behaviours in a specific manner. A range of persuasive strategies are employed to construct persuasive messages to make them more effective. In this research, we investigated the persuasiveness of messages constructed based on three persuasive strategies (social comparison, commitment and consistency, and self-monitoring) in encouraging students to engage actively with their learning management system (LMS) in a real university course-based setting. We constructed persuasive messages based on the strategies and then conducted a survey study among university students who use LMS for a course to evaluate the messages in terms of perceived persuasiveness measured using four factors: motivational, effective, appropriate, and convincing. Our results suggest that messages exploiting the three strategies could be used to influence student engagement with online systems and that message content significantly impacts persuasiveness. Also, the results showed that messages employing the self-monitoring strategy were more persuasive, followed by commitment and consistency, and then social comparison. This study's findings shed light on the varying degrees of effectiveness of the three persuasive technology strategies in education. Additionally, the research highlights the importance of tailoring persuasive messages to specific target audiences and behaviours. The implications of these findings for persuasive technology design and research are discussed.

关键词： Persuasive Strategies Persuasive Messages Social Comparison Commitment and Consistency Self-Monitoring Student Engagement Online Learning Persuasive Technology

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