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检索条件"丛书名=Lecture Notes in Computer Science"

共 300228 条记录，以下是241-250 订阅

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Leveraging Transfer Learning for Article Segmentation in Historical Newspapers 28th

Leveraging Transfer Learning for Article Segmentation in His...

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28th International Conference on Linking Theory and Practice of Digital Libraries (TPDL)

作者： Girdhar, Nancy Sharma, Deepak Coustaty, Mickael Doucet, Antoine Univ La Rochelle L3i F-17000 La Rochelle France Christian Albrechts Univ Kiel Dept Comp Sci D-24118 Kiel Schleswig Holst Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783031724367;9783031724374

Historical newspapers serve as invaluable resources for understanding past societies and preserving cultural heritage. However, digitizing these newspapers presents challenges due to their complex layouts and vast content. Article segmentation, involving the identification and extraction of individual articles from scanned newspaper images, is crucial for efficient information mining and retrieval. While some rule-based algorithms have been proposed, the applicability of deep neural networks (DNNs) for this task has recently gained attention. In this work, we explore the applicability of transfer learning to segment articles from historical newspaper images. For this, we employed nine pre-trained backbone architectures, specifically selected from the ResNet family, and proposed a bounding-box approximation based article segmentation module designed specifically for the task. Furthermore, we introduced a mean estimated article coverage metric that computes the segmentation capability of a model on an article-level. Experiments were conducted on the NAS dataset (NewsEye Article Separation), ensuring the relevance of our approach to historical data. Our study evaluates the performance of various pre-trained models, achieving a mean estimated article coverage of 0.956, 0.969, and 0.995 on the ONB, NLF, and BNF datasets, respectively. These findings underscore the effectiveness of transfer learning in adapting to historical layout analysis tasks, particularly article segmentation. Moreover, these results reaffirm the significance of transfer learning and pre-trained models as efficient tools for handling complex historical newspaper layouts.

关键词： article segmentation pre-trained models transfer learning article separation historical newspapers

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Opportunities and Challenges in Developing Educational AI-Assistants for the Metaverse 6th

Opportunities and Challenges in Developing Educational AI-As...

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6th International Conference on Adaptive Instructional Systems (AIS) Held as Part of the 26th International Conference on Human-computer Interaction (HCII)

作者： Krauss, Christopher Bassbouss, Louay Upravitelev, Max An, Truong-Sinh Altun, Daniela Reray, Lisa Balitzki, Emil El Tamimi, Tarek Karagulle, Mehmet Fraunhofer Inst Open Commun Syst FOKUS Kaiserin Augusta Allee 31 D-10589 Berlin Germany Fraunhofer Inst Commun Informat Proc & Ergon FKIE Fraunhoferstr 20 D-53343 Wachtberg Germany Tech Univ Berlin Adv Web Technol Str 17 Juni 135 D-10623 Berlin Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783031606083;9783031606090

The paper explores the opportunities and challenges for metaverse learning environments with AI-Assistants based on Large Language Models. A proof of concept based on popular but proprietary technologies is presented that enables a natural language exchange between the user and an AI-based medical expert in a highly immersive environment based on the Unreal Engine. The answers generated by ChatGPT are not only played back lip-synchronously, but also visualized in the VR environment using a 3D model of a skeleton. Usability and user experience play a particularly important role in the development of the highly immersive AI-Assistant. The proof of concept serves to illustrate the opportunities and challenges that lie in the merging of large language models, metaverse applications and educational ecosystems, which are self-contained research areas. Development strategies, tools and interoperability standards will be presented to facilitate future developments in this triangle of tension.

关键词： Large Language Models LLM AI-Assistants Virtual Assistants Virtual Reality Metaverse Education Learning Technologies Interoperability

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RUMs with Ties: A Discrete Choice Model Allowing Multiple Winners 16th

RUMs with Ties: A Discrete Choice Model Allowing Multiple Wi...

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16th International Conference on Social Networks Analysis and Mining

作者： Chierichetti, Flavio Kumar, Ravi Re, Giuseppe Tomkins, Andrew Sapienza Univ Rome Italy Google Res Mountain View CA USA Algorand Labs Rome Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9783031785405;9783031785412

Discrete choice models are used to describe, explain, and predict choices made by people among a finite set of alternatives. However, standard discrete choice models come with an unrealistic assumption: that users are able to provide an unequivocal clear winner from any slate of alternatives. Often the user knows the winner but cannot report it, as when a UI does not allow a user to specify which of two movies they rated five stars is better. And often, among the myriad options available, the user is able to identify some good candidates, but finds it difficult to distinguish between the top contenders. In this paper, we study the problem of interacting with user choice data in which, sometimes, the user is unable to settle on a single compelling winner. To address this issue, we introduce an extension to the well-known random utility models (RUMs), which we call RUMs-with-Ties, where comparisons can result in a tie. We begin with an axiomatic formulation of Luce dating to the 1950s, and provide algorithms and matching lower bounds for operating on data with ties. We also provide a comprehensive comparison of RUMs versus RUMs-with-Ties from different angles. We present theoretical results indicating that simple ways of incorporating ties into existing approaches are unlikely to perform well. We also prove in our setting that the presence of additional items, even if lower in quality, allows an algorithm to learn the highest ranked element with far fewer trials. Finally, we provide experimental evaluations of different approaches to handling indistinguishable items in choice settings and demonstrate the advantages of direct modeling of ties via our approach.

关键词： random utility models discrete choice ties

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An Efficient Algorithm for Optimal Routing Through Constant Function Market Makers 27th

An Efficient Algorithm for Optimal Routing Through Constant ...

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27th International Conference on Financial Cryptography and Data Security (FC)

作者： Diamandis, Theo Resnick, Max Chitra, Tarun Angeris, Guillermo MIT Cambridge MA 02139 USA Risk Harbor San Jose CA USA Gauntlet Networks New York NY USA Bain Capital Crypto Boston MA USA

ISBN: (纸本)9783031477508;9783031477515

Constant function market makers (CFMMs) such as Uniswap have facilitated trillions of dollars of digital asset trades and have billions of dollars of liquidity. One natural question is how to optimally route trades across a network of CFMMs in order to ensure the largest possible utility (as specified by a user). We present an efficient algorithm, based on a decomposition method, to solve the problem of optimally executing an order across a network of decentralized exchanges. The decomposition method, as a side effect, makes it simple to incorporate more complicated CFMMs, or even include 'aggregate CFMMs' (such as Uniswap v3), into the routing problem. Numerical results show significant performance improvements of this method, tested on realistic networks of CFMMs, when compared against an off-the-shelf commercial solver.

关键词： Commerce

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Design and Research on the Integration of Gamification Design and Agricultural Harvesting 13th

Design and Research on the Integration of Gamification Desig...

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13th International Conference on Design, User Experience and Usability (DUXU)

作者： Ju, Zhenze Li, ZiYang Cheng, XianDong Wang, WenXi Beijing City Univ Art & Design Acad Beijing Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9783031613616;9783031613623

In recent years, helping farmers has been the focus of attention of the whole society. With the rapid development of digital technology and the rise of the digital economy, the agricultural sector has also been exploring innovative strategies combined with gamification thinking, and how to precisely help farmers in the digital era is an important topic. Digitalisation has become a new trend in agriculture and rural development. In order to promote the optimisation of rural industry more effectively, a new model combining game participatory interaction with agricultural products picking using digital technology has emerged. Taking rural industry optimisation as the goal and gamification theory as the framework, this topic promotes the development of the agricultural product picking industry through gamification, targeting the degree of user participation, interaction and market development. It aims to build a complete picking participation platform to meet the production activity management needs of farmer users and make the picking of agricultural products more reasonable, scientific and interesting. In this paper, we studied the interactive way of the game, specifically combed the flow of the picking activity, and improved its structure to design the interactive application. The design aspect emphasises interactivity and fun, while meeting the development needs and current situation of rural areas. It is hoped that this research attempt can effectively promote the development of rural industry, achieve the purpose of accurate support for agriculture, and provide more digital solutions for this purpose.

关键词： Gamification agricultural harvesting user experience helping farmers

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Promoting Interoperability on the Datasets of the Arrowheads Findings of the Chalcolithic and the Early/Middle Bronze Age 28th

Promoting Interoperability on the Datasets of the Arrowheads...

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28th International Conference on Linking Theory and Practice of Digital Libraries (TPDL)

作者： Curado-Malta, Mariana Diez-Platas, Maria Luisa Araujo, Americo Muralha, Joao Oliveira, Marco Univ Porto Fac Engn INESC TEC Rua Roberto Frias P-4200465 Porto Portugal UNIR Univ Internet Escuela Super Ingn & Tecnol Ave La Paz 137 Logrono 26006 La Rioja Spain Univ Nova Lisboa Fac Ciencias Sociais & Humanas CHAM Ave Berna 26 C P-1069061 Lisbon Portugal Polytech Porto CEOS PP Rua Jaime Lopes Amorim S-N P-4465004 Sao Mamede de Infesta Portugal

ISBN: (纸本)9783031724367;9783031724374

Archaeological discoveries can benefit enormously from linked open data (LOD) technologies since, as new objects are discovered, data about them can be placed in the LOD cloud and instantly accessible to third parties. This article presents a framework developed to publish LOD on arrowheads from the Chalcolithic and Early/Middle Bronze Age chronologies (2800/2900 BC to 1500 BC) found in the last 25 years of excavations on an archaeological site in Portugal. These arrowheads were kept in boxes, hidden from the possibility of being studied and viewed by interested parties. The framework encompasses a metadata application profile (MAP) and tools to be used with this MAP, such as a namespace, two metadata schemas and eight vocabulary coding schemes. The MAP domain model was developed with the support of the scientific literature about this type of arrowheads, and the team integrated two archaeologists. This framework was created with the design philosophy of maximising data interoperability, so terms from the CIDOC CRM conceptual models and other vocabularies widely used in the LOD cloud were used. The MAP was tested using a set of seven arrowheads, which proved, in the first instance, the viability of the developed MAP. The team plans to test the model in future work with arrowheads of other excavations.

关键词： Semantic Web Linked Open Data Metadata Application Profile Arrowheads Calcolithic and Early/Middle Bronze Age Interoperability

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Privacy Promise Vs. Tracking Reality in Pay-or-Tracking Walls 12th

Privacy Promise Vs. Tracking Reality in Pay-or-Tracking Wall...

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12th Annual Privacy Forum on Privacy Technologies and Policy (APF)

作者： Mueller-Tribbensee, Timo Goethe Univ Frankfurt Frankfurt Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783031680236;9783031680243

European websites increasingly adopt pay-or-tracking walls, sometimes known as "consent or pay models," "cookie paywalls," or "pay-or-okay walls." These walls require users to pay a fee or consent to be tracked in exchange for website access. However, initial evidence suggests that websites might continue to track users even when they pay the fee, constituting user deception. This paper comprehensively assesses whether websites employing pay-or-tracking walls keep their privacy promise to paying users as stated on the pay-or-tracking wall and safeguard their privacy. Data collection and analysis from 341 websites show that while websites reduce tracking for paying users, 32.9% of the websites fail to uphold the privacy promise declared on their payor-tracking wall. 80% of these websites could meet their privacy commitments by removing just one or two trackers. Notably, a group of websites offering a joint subscription allowing access to all participating websites better keeps their privacy promises than others, likely due to the implementation of an ongoing control mechanism that regularly detects tracker usage. The results show that implementing tracking-free websites remains challenging and might require continuous efforts.

关键词： Privacy Consent Tracking Pay-or-Tracking Wall

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It's not by Accident! It's by Design. Design Methods to Reach (Inter)generational Perspective 10th

It's not by Accident! It's by Design. Design Methods to Reac...

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10th International Conference on Human Aspects of IT for the Aged Population (ITAP) Held as Part of the 26th International Conference on Human-computer Interaction (HCII)

作者： de Sousa, Andreia Pinto Castro, Teresa Sofia Lusofona Univ Porto Univ Ctr HEI Lab Digital Human Environm Interact Labs Porto Portugal Lusofona Univ Porto Univ Ctr CICANT Ctr Res Appl Commun Culture & New Technol Porto Portugal

ISBN: (纸本)9783031615429;9783031615436

This paper emphasizes the significance of employing methodological approaches rooted in participatory design to facilitate intergenerational collaboration in an age range less studied (generations X to Y) in developing a web-based newsroom for young people. The research stems from the YouNDigital project, funded by the Portuguese Foundation for science and Technology, which seeks to explore young people's interaction with news in a digitized society. A key output of the project is the development of the YouNDigital Newsroom, aweb-based platform enabling youth from diverse backgrounds to share their views of the world on issues that matter to them. Drawing upon intergenerational collaboration and knowledge transfer, this paper explores the challenges and strategies in creating a platform that reflects researchers' and users' diverse perspectives and needs. Through co-design sessions, iterative prototyping, and usability testing, the task navigated complexities within a limited timeframe and resources to foster user engagement and ownership. The main objective was to engage users with a web-based Newsroom to generate meaningful content that reflects their perspectives on matters of interest. The design thinking sessions and continuous collaborative work were instrumental in defining potential user profiles (personas) and delineating usage contexts for each persona. The findings underscore the importance of integrating diverse perspectives and collaborative design methodologies in addressing multifaceted challenges and creating inclusive solutions across generations. Leveraging design methodologies facilitated collaboration between researchers and users in developing the YouNDigital newsroom. By incorporating user perspectives from the outset, the project aimed to create a platform that resonates with young people and researchers from different generations' interests and fosters meaningful engagement with news content in a digital era.

关键词： Participatory Design Methods Intergenerational Collaboration Knowledge Transfer

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Comparative Analysis: User Interactions in Public and Private Digital Libraries Datasets 28th

Comparative Analysis: User Interactions in Public and Privat...

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28th International Conference on Linking Theory and Practice of Digital Libraries (TPDL)

作者： Zerhoudi, Saber Granitzer, Michael Univ Passau Passau Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783031724398;9783031724404

The scarcity of public datasets with detailed user interaction data in digital libraries underscores a significant research challenge. The complexity of effectively anonymizing such data without losing its utility further exacerbates this issue. This study conducts a comparative analysis of two datasets: EconBiz (https://***), a private dataset, and SUSS (The dataset is publicly available at http://***/10.7802/1380) a publicly available dataset, to investigate the differences in the granularity of user logs between them. The findings reveal that while EconBiz and SUSS share some similar patterns, EconBiz provides a more nuanced view of diverse user interactions compared to SUSS. These results emphasize the need for enhancing public datasets to maintain their value for research and real-world applications. Moreover, this paper briefly explores the potential of using few-shot prompting with large language models (LLMs) to simulate richer user interaction data while preserving user anonymity, thereby extending the utility of public datasets like SUSS. Addressing these issues is crucial for understanding the limitations of public datasets in reflecting real-world user behavior and proposing methods to mitigate these challenges, ultimately facilitating the development of more personalized and responsive digital library services.

关键词： User Interactions Log Analysis Large Language Models Digital Library

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From Novice to Expert: Unraveling the Impact of Experience on Cognitive Load and Physiological Responses in Aviation Pilots 20th

From Novice to Expert: Unraveling the Impact of Experience o...

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20th International Conference on Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITS)

作者： Khalaj, Amin Bonyad Ben Abdessalem, Hamdi Frasson, Claude Univ Montreal Dept Informat & Rech Operationnelle Montreal PQ Canada Univ Quebec Chicoutimi Dept Informat & Math Chicoutimi PQ Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9783031630309;9783031630316

This study explores the intricate correlation between participants' experiences and their cognitive and physiological responses in aviation. Using workload, heart rate, and facial temperature as focal points, two experiments involved a variety of participants, including real pilots, pilot engineers, and individuals with varying flight simulation backgrounds. The findings highlight distinct patterns, emphasizing how experience influences responses during flight simulation. Novices face higher heart rate, cognitive workload and heightened physiological arousal, while experienced participants exhibit controlled responses. The study underscores the non-linear relationship between experience and physiological responses, influenced by individual differences and coping mechanisms. Over time, repeated exposure leads to a learning curve, showcasing the adaptive nature of human responses in aviation.

关键词： Pilot Experience Mental Workload Thermal Image Heart Rate EEG Flight Safety Human computer Interaction

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