Adpositional structures are commonly seen in English language, as there is one adposition in every eight English words statistically;Chinese, however, relies much less on such structures. In light of this prominent di...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9789819742455;9789819742462
Adpositional structures are commonly seen in English language, as there is one adposition in every eight English words statistically;Chinese, however, relies much less on such structures. In light of this prominent difference between the two languages, this paper aims to analyse English adpositional structures under the analytical framework of Clause Complex model, and provides a new approach to the English-Chinese translation of such structures and its teaching. By applying Clause Complex Theory to the analysis of English sentences and Parsing-Translating-Assembling translation model (PTA model) to the reproduction of corresponding Chinese sentences, over 5,000 sentences are processed. In our work, adpositional structures are looked into and categorised as follows: prepositional structures include (1) prep. + Ving, (2) prep. + wh-clause, and (3) A + prep. + B + prep. + C;postpositional structures consist of: (1) word, (2) phrase, and (3) attributive clause;circumpositional structures are studied as well. Meanwhile, their respective translation processes are demonstrated through the PTA model.
In this paper, we present the development of a speech-based dialogue system tailored to train students for oral exams, an essential aspect of academic assessment. The system is based on open-source models designed for...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783031723117;9783031723124
In this paper, we present the development of a speech-based dialogue system tailored to train students for oral exams, an essential aspect of academic assessment. The system is based on open-source models designed for the German language. It was evaluated component-wise.
In this paper we propose a method to classify the students' textual descriptions of algorithms. This work is based on a wealth of data (programming tasks, related algorithm descriptions, and Peer Assessment data),...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783031630279;9783031630286
In this paper we propose a method to classify the students' textual descriptions of algorithms. This work is based on a wealth of data (programming tasks, related algorithm descriptions, and Peer Assessment data), coming from 6 years of use of the system Q2A, in a "Fundamentals of computer Programming" course, given at first year in our university's computerscience curriculum. The descriptions are submitted, as part of the answer to a computer programming task, through Q2A, and are subject to (formative) Peer Assessment. The proposed classification method aims to support the teacher on the analysis of the quite numerous students' descriptions, in ours as well as in other similar systems. We 1) process the students' submissions, by topic automated extraction (BERTopic) and by separate Large Language Models, 2) compute their degree of suitability as "algorithm description", in a scale from BAD to GOOD, and 3) compare the obtained classification with those coming from the teacher's direct assessment (expert: one of the authors), and from the Peer Assessment. The automated classification does correlate with both the expert classification and the grades given by the peers to the "clarity" of the descriptions. This result is encouraging in view of the production of a Q2A subsystem allowing the teacher to analyse the students' submissions guided by an automated classification, and ultimately support fully automated grading.
With the rapid increase in the personalized demands for in-car voice assistants in the Generation Z era, innovation in digital assistants (DA) becomes crucial to better meet the growing needs of human-vehicle interact...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783031613616;9783031613623
With the rapid increase in the personalized demands for in-car voice assistants in the Generation Z era, innovation in digital assistants (DA) becomes crucial to better meet the growing needs of human-vehicle interaction (HVI). Focusing on the women of the new era, our study divides into three groups, targeting specific groups with era-specific characteristics: female fashion designers, white-collar professionals, and beauty and travel bloggers. Through course design, we aim to create products that combine luxury, high-tech, and excitement. The iterative design of our product aims to meet the specific needs of different female groups in unique scenarios, providing a significant reference for the future design of DA. Based on our firsthand experience in the design teaching process, we have identified and reflected on the challenges faced during practical design teaching. Finally, we propose further prospects for future in-car artificial intelligence voice assistants, exploring possibilities for human-centered design (HCD).
Public sector organizations are increasingly adopting digital self-service solutions. With digital self-services, citizens are given a more active role in co-producing their services, as they serve themselves and perf...
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ISBN:
(数字)9783031708046
ISBN:
(纸本)9783031708039;9783031708046
Public sector organizations are increasingly adopting digital self-service solutions. With digital self-services, citizens are given a more active role in co-producing their services, as they serve themselves and perform tasks that were previously performed by public professionals. However, many citizens struggle with their expanding role as co-producers and experience burdens in their interaction with digital self-services. To mitigate these burdens, citizens often turn to so-called intermediaries for help. Intermediaries are third parties such as family members, friends as well as professionals that assist citizens during digital self-services or completely take over the responsibility from them. Although they are important co-producers, intermediaries have seldom been the focus of attention as their role during co-production is often invisible from the outside. We present two qualitative empirical studies from Norwegian and Brazilian welfare services. Our findings show the burdens citizens experience with digital self-services and illuminate how important personal intermediaries are to reduce citizens' experience of burdens, resulting in triangulated or hybrid "co-production".
Human-machine collaborative teaching has become an important trend of classroom change in universities nowadays. Generative AI (GAI), with its excellent capabilities such as intelligent emergence, strong cognitive and...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9789819744411;9789819744428
Human-machine collaborative teaching has become an important trend of classroom change in universities nowadays. Generative AI (GAI), with its excellent capabilities such as intelligent emergence, strong cognitive and high versatility, has provided important support in empowering university students to expand their learning experience, enhance their learning abilities and improve their learning performance. Exploring the GAI-based human-machine collaborative classroom teaching model in universities can empower students to achieve high-quality self-development. Guided by Synergy Theory, Distributed Cognition Theory, Information Processing Theory and Instructional Design Theory, this study adopted the methods of literature research, theoretical deduction and action research to clarify the connotation elements of human-machine collaborative classroom in universities. Then, this study analyzed the teaching mechanism of GAI-based human-machine collaborative classroom in universities, synthesized six elements of human-machine collaborative classroom and constructed the GAIbased human-machine collaborative. Subjects-Objectives-Content-Activities-Evaluation-Environment (SOCAEE) classroom teaching model in universities. Finally, two rounds of teaching practice were carried out for the university course. The results showed that the GAI-based human-machine collaborative SOCAEE classroom teaching model in universities constructed in this study can effectively improve students' classroom learning performance, enhance students' humanmachine collaborative learning ability and enrich students' human-machine collaborative learning experience.
In recent years, advanced diffusion models have shown good performance in converting text prompts into high-quality images. However, aligning the generated images to human preferences remains challenging due to the bi...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783031630309;9783031630316
In recent years, advanced diffusion models have shown good performance in converting text prompts into high-quality images. However, aligning the generated images to human preferences remains challenging due to the biases in training. Previous researches have attempted to address this problem by incorporating reinforcement learning and human feedback into the denoising diffusion models. However, such approaches often encounter over-optimization, commonly referred to as the reward hacking problem. This paper introduces a simple and effective ensemble approach that combines multiple reward models to optimize the overall reward structure. This proposed method successfully overcomes the over-optimization problem in the diffusion model's finetuning process. Both quantitative and qualitative results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach to generate an image that is a more realistic representation.
This paper introduces dot-to-dot semantic representation as an encoding for abstract dependency interpretations of natural language data. The approach is illustrated with content created initially as syntactic tree an...
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ISBN:
(数字)9783031608780
ISBN:
(纸本)9783031608773;9783031608780
This paper introduces dot-to-dot semantic representation as an encoding for abstract dependency interpretations of natural language data. The approach is illustrated with content created initially as syntactic tree annotations. This is transformed into construction information for Discourse Representation Structures. This gives a basis for resolving event and entity dependencies across discourse for transformation to Conjunctive Normal Forms with skolemization from which governor to dependent relations arise for graph structures that are dot-to-dot semantic representations. Use of the representation approach is demonstrated with two sample applications: database querying, and analysis feedback for parsed corpus annotation of Old Japanese language data.
The traditional theory amodal symbol system was challenged by Barsalou's Perceptual Symbol System theory. The Perceptual Symbol System theory indicates that perceptual symbols will be mentally simulated and automa...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9789819742424;9789819742431
The traditional theory amodal symbol system was challenged by Barsalou's Perceptual Symbol System theory. The Perceptual Symbol System theory indicates that perceptual symbols will be mentally simulated and automatically activated in the human brain in the process of language comprehension. Based on this theory, many empirical studies have provided evidence for mental simulation during language comprehension. However, object orientation, a critical part of perceptual information, has received less attention compared to other visual object attributes such as shape, color, and size. Furthermore, most studies in this field focused on English and other Indo-European languages, and the less research focused on Chinese to demonstrate the effectiveness of mental simulation. Therefore, the current paper aims to explore the mental simulation of object orientation information and its relationship with mental imagery in Chinese sentence comprehension. The classic sentence-picture recognition task was employed in the present research. Results showed that participants' responses were more accurate and faster in the match condition than in the mismatch condition and in the vertical direction task than in the horizontal direction task. Additionally, the results of the Vividness of Visual Imagery Questionnaire showed no significant correlation between mental simulation and mental imagery. Therefore, it can be concluded that in the process of Chinese sentence comprehension, the human brain activates the perceptual symbol of the object orientation information and conducts corresponding mental simulation. The findings agree with the Perceptual Symbol System theory and provide further empirical evidence for the mental simulation of sentence comprehension and embodied cognition.
The adoption of Artificial Intelligence (AI) within the field of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) has transformative potential in the field of education, particularly in special education. In fact, ICT...
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ISBN:
(数字)9783031574023
ISBN:
(纸本)9783031574016;9783031574023
The adoption of Artificial Intelligence (AI) within the field of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) has transformative potential in the field of education, particularly in special education. In fact, ICT is still employed to enhance and personalize teaching practices to meet students' educational needs. Considering that several investigations showed that technological skills and the usage of artificial intelligence are inextricably linked, as technological skills are often essential for fully implementing the potential of AI, the contribution aims to explore perceptions and opinions of future support teachers on the use of technology in education trough administration of a modified version of the SELFIE questionnaire.
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