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检索条件"丛书名=Lecture Notes in Computer Science"

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Kadabra: Adapting Kademlia for the Decentralized Web 27th

Kadabra: Adapting Kademlia for the Decentralized Web

引用

27th International Conference on Financial Cryptography and Data Security (FC)

作者： Zhang, Yunqi Venkatakrishnan, Shaileshh Bojja Ohio State Univ Columbus OH 43210 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9783031477508;9783031477515

Blockchains have become the catalyst for a growing movement to create a more decentralized Internet. A fundamental operation of applications in a decentralized Internet is data storage and retrieval. As today's blockchains are limited in their storage functionalities, in recent years a number of peer-to-peer data storage networks have emerged based on the Kademlia distributed hash table protocol. However, existing Kademlia implementations are not efficient enough to support fast data storage and retrieval operations necessary for (decentralized) Web applications. In this paper, we present Kadabra, a decentralized protocol for computing the routing table entries in Kademlia to accelerate lookups. Kadabra is motivated by the multi-armed bandit problem, and can automatically adapt to heterogeneity and dynamism in the network. Experimental results show Kadabra achieving between 15-50% lower lookup latencies compared to state-of-the-art baselines.

关键词： Multi-armed bandit Decentralized protocol Kademlia p2p routing

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Verifying and Interpreting Neural Networks Using Finite Automata 1

引用

28th International Conference on Developments in Language Theory (DLT)

作者： Salzer, Marco Alsmann, Eric Bruse, Florian Lange, Martin Univ Kassel Sch Elect Engn & Comp Sci Kassel Germany

ISBN: (数字)9783031661594

ISBN: (纸本)9783031661587;9783031661594

Verifying properties and interpreting the behaviour of deep neural networks (DNN) is an important task given their ubiquitous use in applications, including safety-critical ones, and their black-box nature. We propose an automata-theoretic approach to tackling problems arising in DNN analysis. We show that the input-output behaviour of a DNN can be captured precisely by a (special) weak Buchi automaton and we show how these can be used to address common verification and interpretation tasks of DNN like adversarial robustness or minimum sufficient reasons.

关键词： neural networks finite state automata verification interpretation

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Deploying ChatGPT for Automated Tagging of Greek Dialogue Data of University Students 20th

Deploying ChatGPT for Automated Tagging of Greek Dialogue Da...

引用

20th International Conference on Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITS)

作者： Gavros, Andreas Demetriadis, Stavros Tegos, Stergios Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki Thessaloniki Greece

ISBN: (纸本)9783031630309;9783031630316

In this study, we propose a methodology of automated labelling for dialogues. We analyze dialogue data by deploying ChatGPT 3.5 model. Large language models (LLMs) have recently been in the focus of the scientific world and public since the release of ChatGPT. The approaches we used in this study were zero-shot, one-shot and few-shot learning. The model was asked to assign a label to each turn of dialogue using a tweaked version of the Issue-Based Information System (IBIS), and its labels were compared to those assigned by human raters, to evaluate its performance. Several different versions of prompts were used to investigate their effect on the model's performance, and it was also investigated whether the number of different labels affected the model's predictions. The results provide evidence that LLMs are not still able to fully process highly contextualized human dialogues but can provideworthwhile results if the assigned task is simplified. Also, we discuss on the reliability of labels created by a model, compared to labels created by a human annotator.

关键词： Automated Tagging Large Language Models Prompt Engineering

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Does Players' Prosocial Behavior in computer Game Predict Their Well-Being in Real Life? 12th

Does Players' Prosocial Behavior in Computer Game Predict Th...

引用

12th International Conference on Games and Learning Alliance (GALA)

作者： Miwa, Kazuhisa Nagoya Univ Nagoya Aichi 4648601 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9783031490644;9783031490651

This study investigates the correlation between players' prosocial behavior in computer games and their well-being in real life. Participants were invited to engage in a simple computer game where their task was to assist others in enhancing their mobility to reach the goal. The primary objective of this study was to determine whether the characteristics of this supportive behavior in the game could predict the participants' well-being in real life. Participants' prosociality was evaluated from two perspectives: a subjective evaluation of their prosocial behavior in daily life, as measured by the Altruistic Personality Scale (APS), and the number of assists provided in the game. While controlling for key demographic variables, the study examined the effect of participants' prosociality on their level of well-being. The results revealed that players who exhibited more prosocial behavior in the game also reported higher levels of well-being outside the game context.

关键词： Prosocial behavior Well-being Hierarchical regression model

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New Dimensions: The Impact of the Metaverse and AI Avatars on Social science Education 17th

New Dimensions: The Impact of the Metaverse and AI Avatars o...

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17th International Conference on Blended Learning. Intelligent Computing in Education (ICBL)

作者： Wong, Paulina Pui Yun Lee, Jaemin Gonzales, Wilkinson Daniel Wong Choi, Sunny Hee Sun Hwang, Haerim Shen, Daniel Jiandong Lingnan Univ Tuen Mun Hong Kong Peoples R China Chinese Univ Hong Kong Cent Ave Hong Kong Peoples R China Hong Kong Polytech Univ Hung Hom Hong Kong Peoples R China Soqqle Hong Kong Ltd Hong Kong Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819744411;9789819744428

This study investigates the integration of the metaverse and artificial intelligence (AI) avatars in social science education, amidst global challenges that necessitate holistic approaches for cultivating critical global citizenship. Despite the promising capabilities of virtual reality (VR) for immersive learning, the effectiveness of the metaverse and the role of AI in enhancing educational experiences remain underexplored. The central question addressed is the impact of immersive learning experiences in the metaverse, including AI avatars, on students' perceptions and intentions for using this technology for social science education. Findings reveal significant student engagement with immersive learning, aligning with experiential learning theories and suggesting potential for complex topic exploration. However, the influence ofAI avatars on learning experiences suggests that students found environments with AI avatars harder to use than those without. Given the limitations, such as the small and specific participant pool and brief engagement duration, further research is warranted to understand the long-term effects of immersive learning in the metaverse and the advanced integration of AI avatars across various educational disciplines.

关键词： Metaverse in Education Immersive Learning Artificial Intelligence in Education Social science Education Experiential Learning

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Optimising a Peer Based Learning Environment 20th

Optimising a Peer Based Learning Environment

引用

20th International Conference on Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITS)

作者： Murphy, Aidan Mahdinejad, Mahsa Ahmad, Syed Saeed Kenny, Joe Ventresque, Anthony Lero Sci Fdn Ireland Res Ctr Software Limerick Ireland Univ Coll Dublin Dublin Ireland Zeeko NovaUCD Dublin Ireland Trinity Coll Dublin Dublin Ireland

ISBN: (纸本)9783031630279;9783031630286

Primary School education in Ireland is in the process of updating its pedagogical approaches, embracing new teaching methods and desiring new learning outcomes. In particular, the new curriculum emphasizes developing skills necessary for modern-day life. Peer-led interactive group learning is an effective method of teaching those desired skills. One such technology embracing these methods of learning is the "Magical Leaders" programme. However, creating an environment that allows for optimum delivery of the content is difficult as the teacher needs to deal with the new method of content delivery as well as any behavioral or social issues that exist in the classroom. We investigate three factors that affect the successful delivery of the "Magical Leaders" programme: group composition;peer leader selection;and preparation time. We find that classes in which the teacher selects the groups complete the challenges more than 10 min quicker than those classes in which the peers select the groups or they are randomly assigned. The mean time to complete each challenge was approximately the same for groups in which the peer leaders were selected by the teacher and those groups were volunteers. However, the number of volunteer-led groups that finished on or before schedule was higher. Groups with peer leaders who completed less than 30 min of preparation time finished on average 9min quicker than groups with peer leaders who did more than 30min of preparation time. However, while the mean time is much less the number of classes finishing on time is higher for those with more preparation time, 60%, than those will 30 min of less preparation time, 52%.

关键词： Peer Led Learning Education Technology Optimisation

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On the Sustainability of Bitcoin Partitioning Attacks 27th

On the Sustainability of Bitcoin Partitioning Attacks

引用

27th International Conference on Financial Cryptography and Data Security (FC)

作者： Ha, Jaehyun Baek, Seungjin Muoi Tran Kang, Min Suk Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol Daejeon South Korea Swiss Fed Inst Technol Zurich Switzerland

ISBN: (纸本)9783031477508;9783031477515

A series of recent studies have shown that permissionless blockchain peer-to-peer networks can be partitioned at low cost (e.g., only a few thousand bots are needed), stealthily (e.g., no control plane detection is available), or at scale (e.g., the entire bitcoin network can be divided into two). In this paper, we focus on the sustainability of partitioning attacks in Bitcoin, which is barely discussed in the literature. Existing studies investigate new partitioning attack strategies extensively but not how long the partition they create lasts. Our findings show that, fortunately for Bitcoin, the permissionless peer-to-peer network can be partitioned but only for a short time. In particular, two recent partitioning attacks (i.e., Erebus [12], SyncAttack [10]) do not maintain partitions for more than 10 min in most cases. After analyzing Bitcoin's peer eviction mechanism (which makes the two original attacks difficult to sustain), we propose optimization strategies for the two attacks and calculate the total cost of the optimized attacks for a 1-hour attack duration. Our results complement the original attack studies: (i) the optimized Erebus attack shows that it requires at least one adversary-controlled Bitcoin node close to a target and a few additional expensive attack steps for sustainable attacks, and (ii) the optimized SyncAttack can create sustainable partitions only with excessive cost.

关键词： Bitcoin Partitioning Attacks

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Unveiling the Invisible: Caseworkers' Data Work in a Public Welfare Organization 23rd

Unveiling the Invisible: Caseworkers' Data Work in a Public ...

引用

23rd International Conference on Electronic Government (EGOV)

作者： Crivellari, Ilaria Oskarsen, Johanne Svanes Groder, Charlotte Husom Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol N-7030 Trondheim Norway Univ Oslo N-0371 Oslo Norway

ISBN: (纸本)9783031702730;9783031702747

The public sector is undergoing a transformation characterized by the increasing adoption of digital technologies, commonly referred to as digital government. Within this context, caseworkers who manage citizens seeking benefits from welfare organizations play a crucial role in providing public services to citizens. As digital technologies increasingly shape decision-making processes, their work now encompasses a significant amount of data work, involving understanding, managing, and producing citizens' data through meticulous documentation. Caseworkers are in charge of providing high-quality services to citizens in need. To do so, they navigate a complex web of regulations and utilize various digital systems that generate many invisible tasks. In this study, we aim to shed light on caseworkers' data work. We conducted a qualitative case study in a Scandinavian welfare agency, focusing on caseworkers' utilization and production of documentation. Our findings reveal that caseworkers' data work is articulated through three work practices mandated by the complex context. We abstracted these practices into two classes of invisible work activities that significantly impact their daily responsibilities. By unveiling these hidden aspects, we contribute valuable empirical insights to policymakers and emphasize the importance of data work and invisible work concepts in the field of digital government.

关键词： Data work caseworkers invisible work welfare sector

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Exploring User Preferences in Al-Generated Car Wheel Frame Designs: A Preliminary Study of Users with Varied Design Experience

Exploring User Preferences in Al-Generated Car Wheel Frame D...

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Conference on Human Interface and the Management of Information Thematic Area (HIMI) Held as Part of the 26th International Conference on Human-computer Interaction (HCII)

作者： Lee, Yu-Hsu Huang, Hsin-Wei Natl Yunlin Univ Sci & Technol Touliu 64002 Yunlin Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9783031601064;9783031601071

This study explores the application of AI in a specific product design field and investigates the differences between individuals with professional and non-professional backgrounds. Using wheel rim design as an example, the study illustrates the preferences and perceptual differences of participants with varying backgrounds and experiences towards elements like style, color, layout, and design, as presented by AI image generation tools (such as Midjourney). The choices are categorized into two aspects: creativity and feasibility. In this experiment, participants were divided into wheel rim experts and non-experts (with non-experts further categorized into those with and without design experience). Non-expert participants were first asked to create designs using AI, followed by both experts and non-experts selecting proposals for creative and feasible sporty and luxurious style car wheel rims. The study found that individuals without design experience tended to show more creativity in their ideas when using AI tools, but their targeted selections lacked consistency. In contrast, participants with a design background were more consistent in their choices, particularly in the assessment of feasibility. There is a noticeable difference between experts and non-experts in defining style, with experts making more informed choices when targeting specific selections. In summary, both experts and non-experts are capable of creating designs with creativity and feasibility using AI tools. However, experts, compared to those with design experience, have a clearer personal opinion on styling, while those without design experience show the least effective outcomes.

关键词： AI image generation Differences in design experience car wheel frame design text to image

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Relationships Between Security Management and Technical Security of Norwegian Energy Entities 1

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18th International Conference on Critical Information Infrastructures Security (CRITIS)

作者： Toftegaard, Oyvind Hagen, Janne Haemmerli, Bernhard Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol Gjovik Norway Norwegian Energy Regulatory Author Oslo Norway Norwegian Water Resources & Energy Directorate Oslo Norway Univ Oslo Oslo Norway Lucerne Sch Comp Sci & Informat Technol Rotkreuz Switzerland

ISBN: (数字)9783031621390

ISBN: (纸本)9783031621383;9783031621390

Security management standards such as ISO/IEC 27001 and NIST Cybersecurity Framework are common approaches to audit cybersecurity compliance and maturity. Little is known about how well such security management audits reflect an entity's technical security performance. Such relationships are, however, important to understand, as the performance of for example patch management and email security may be crucial to stop adversaries. This study is a correlation analysis applying Pearsons r and Spearmans rho to test relationships between managerial and technical security. Our analysis was based on a scoring of 20 managerial and 22 technical security categories from 67 entities in the Norwegian energy sector. Our analysis did not show any clear correlation between the tested management scores and technical scores. Through factor analysis, we identified significant weak negative correlation between 8 security configuration categories and 3 security culture categories. Because the only identified correlation was negative, both security management and technical security should be assessed during audits.

关键词： Security management Compliance Risk rating Cybersecurity audit Energy

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