Text classification is considered an essential natural language processing task. However, Arabic text classification is challenging for many reasons, such as the complexity of the Arabic language, i.e., complex morpho...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783031724367;9783031724374
Text classification is considered an essential natural language processing task. However, Arabic text classification is challenging for many reasons, such as the complexity of the Arabic language, i.e., complex morphological structure, high degree of ambiguity that resulted from optional diacritics in the writing system, and multi-dialectical characteristics. Graph-based methods can capture global information by incorporating long-distance semantics and cross-document interdependencies. However, most graph neural networks are designed with single-value similarities. Edge features can provide rich information by using multidimensional edge embeddings. In this work, we introduce an Arabic Multidimensional Edge Graph Convolutional Network designed for text classification (AraMEGraph), that can capture more fine-grained linguistic details which are very important to provide a comprehensive understanding for such complex and ambiguous languages. Experimental results show that AraMEGraph significantly outperforms the state-of-the-art methods on three benchmark Arabic text datasets.
Word reading fluency and decoding can be important determinants when primary school students learn programming in order to develop computational thinking (CT). The question that arises is whether an interaction can be...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783031723117;9783031723124
Word reading fluency and decoding can be important determinants when primary school students learn programming in order to develop computational thinking (CT). The question that arises is whether an interaction can be established regarding a growth on CT and the level of reading ability of students. Therefore, our experimental research aims to investigate whether different robotic programming environments can be applied to improve students' level of CT and thus reading skills. The studywas conducted among Dutch primary school students grade 3 and 4, aged 6 to 8. For both experimental groups, either BeeBot or Ozobot were applied as robotics programming interventions. The control group followed regular reading lessons. Reading exercises to be solved through programming applications were designed for both experimental groups. Via pre-test-posttest design, proficiency onCTwas determined by administering the Beginners Computational Thinking Test (BCTt). To establish reading proficiency, the "three-minute test" (DMT) was administered. Our research indicates a correlation between a development on CT and the level of reading fluency and decoding. Although not all subcategories of CT are a predictor on reading skills, programming tangible or code-based robotics did prove to be an explanatory model regarding the results of the reading test taken. The findings obtained imply that the application of programming and related CT development may be beneficial for the development of reading ability. Follow-up research is recommended to be able to make more specific statements on the effect of development on CT related to the reading level of students in primary education.
The Cartesian tree of a string is a binary tree, which is useful in capturing minimalities within strings. We study the approximate pattern matching problem for two Cartesian trees of two strings. We design a poly-tim...
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ISBN:
(数字)9783031661594
ISBN:
(纸本)9783031661587;9783031661594
The Cartesian tree of a string is a binary tree, which is useful in capturing minimalities within strings. We study the approximate pattern matching problem for two Cartesian trees of two strings. We design a poly-time algorithm that computes the minimum edit cost when a given string is edited to match the Cartesian tree of the other string. Then, we adapt the algorithm to the approximate pattern matching problem, where we find all substrings of a given text that match a given Cartesian tree pattern within a given number of edit operations. We also consider variant problems such as the approximate Cartesian matching under Hamming distance, and present poly-time algorithms for the considered problems.
This study advances the integration of domain-specific large language models (LLMs) for low-resource languages with applications for question-answering (QA). Leveraging on recent LLMs trained to extract events of poli...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783031722400;9783031722417
This study advances the integration of domain-specific large language models (LLMs) for low-resource languages with applications for question-answering (QA). Leveraging on recent LLMs trained to extract events of political violence and conflict, we introduce ConfliBERT-Arabic and ConfliBERT-Spanish, fine-tuned for extractive QA. Contributions include tailored QA fine-tuning techniques for Arabic and Spanish, curation of five datasets, and a comprehensive performance analysis. These new models provide language and domain-specific enhancements over extant models trained on general corpora. Substantively, these tools allow implementation of high-quality QA about conflict and violence in multiple world regions in their native languages.
Traditional story creation tools currently lack effectiveness in fostering creative thought and expanding beyond-textual-narration, offering limited user experiences, functionality, interactivity, and system compatibi...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783031613586;9783031613593
Traditional story creation tools currently lack effectiveness in fostering creative thought and expanding beyond-textual-narration, offering limited user experiences, functionality, interactivity, and system compatibility, thus failing to meet diverse needs in creative expression, education, and entertainment. IMARISS, presented by us, is an interdisciplinary approach combining technology, design, art, and user experience design, focusing on user interface, backend logic, and data processing for enhanced user experience. This paper shows innovative narrative theories and creative writing applications in construction of stories, augmented reality's role in enhancing story element ideation, participatory design's significance, and the integration of gamified system design, while also discussing methodologies in creative writing, pedagogy, and user research for understanding and assessing user needs in story creation. A second experiment formally evaluated utilizing IMARISS against not utilizing it to measure system's support in areas such as immersion, creativity enhancement, and user satisfaction. The result shows its story creation benefits. This study discussed derive preliminary conclusions about the IMARISS's effectiveness and insights gained for future Narrative Interactive System Construction Model.
Digital Libraries, especially large ones, need advanced tools for analyzing and interpreting their content. This paper introduces a novel Web-based tool designed to support library users in browsing and examining the ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783031724367;9783031724374
Digital Libraries, especially large ones, need advanced tools for analyzing and interpreting their content. This paper introduces a novel Web-based tool designed to support library users in browsing and examining the content of digital libraries, and in extracting and interpreting high-level information from them. Leveraging external data and metadata repositories, our software uses state-of-the-art solutions in Natural Language Processing and Visualization to analyze and identify thematic trends and clusters over time. We describe the tool's architecture and functionality, showing its effectiveness in tracking the evolution of topics along time within a textual corpus. We further illustrate it through a case study that analyzes two decades of scholarly articles from an established conference on Digital Libraries, showcasing the tool's potential to help in understanding past and current academic research, and to guide future trajectories in this field.
We mathematize the notion of a "Piston word" (i.e. a diatonic chord sequence that uniquely determines key) and seek a formal language method of constructing all triadic Piston words. Since these triadic word...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783031606373;9783031606380
We mathematize the notion of a "Piston word" (i.e. a diatonic chord sequence that uniquely determines key) and seek a formal language method of constructing all triadic Piston words. Since these triadic words are (simplified) superstrings of atomic triadic words, it suffices to just construct the language L of the atomic triadic words. To this end, we construct a minimal DFA (deterministic finite automaton) for this language L. Interestingly, the states of this DFA, which are the Myhill-Nerode classes of L, correspond to classical harmonic building blocks: silence, the tonic, the subdominant, the dominant, the diminished triad, the perfect cadence, the plagal cadence, the deceptive cadence, and a fourth type of cadence that we call the "deceptive plagal cadence".
In the context of the e-FRAN program, our research focused on engineering freshmen's learning processes of 3-D modeling in relation to their spatial skills. One of the approaches developed consisted in identifying...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783031552441;9783031552458
In the context of the e-FRAN program, our research focused on engineering freshmen's learning processes of 3-D modeling in relation to their spatial skills. One of the approaches developed consisted in identifying the students' sequences of micro operations using a double observation of their actions by recording their on-screen activity, and filming their gestures and postures. The objective consisted in determining the logical sequences of both their bodily attitudes, which are related to their manipulation of the software, and their conceptual approaches, which are linked to the results they obtained by interacting with the software. This preliminary characterization aimed to establish the possible recurring patterns in human behavior in the context studied, to then determine the robustness of the codings with regard to the software functionalities, to finally identify characteristic sequences of operations. The later phase consisted in feeding a parser with the encoded traces left by the subjects' interactions with the software interface, using a heuristic library of actions. The objective was to identify sequences indicative of efficient, or non-efficient, conceptual processes in the task performance. The encoded operations logs revealed recurring sequences, which were then processed statistically to identify prototypes of rationality of intentions. The encoded sequences were submitted to a further manual encoding to identify strategies that arose at the students' first encounter with the modeling interface.
In the post-pandemic era, more and more people are turning to virtual spaces for entertainment, work, education, and social interaction. Despite this enthusiasm, serious concerns have arisen regarding the accessibilit...
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ISBN:
(数字)9783031574023
ISBN:
(纸本)9783031574016;9783031574023
In the post-pandemic era, more and more people are turning to virtual spaces for entertainment, work, education, and social interaction. Despite this enthusiasm, serious concerns have arisen regarding the accessibility and inclusion of people with disabilities in educational settings and how Artificial Intelligence (AI) approaches can mitigate these issues in the new digital realm. In this article, we conduct a systematic literature review (SRL) to identify the set of challenges that people and students with disabilities encounter when they are interested in accessing the metaverse. We collect solutions proposed in the literature to provide a comprehensive understanding of the accessibility of current metaverse platforms. We distill a number of take-away messages encouraging researchers and practitioners to further work on the proposed solution, leveraging AI to monitor and enable people with disabilities to fully enjoy the metaverse experience.
Against the backdrop of demographic change and advancing digitalization, digital skills are indispensable for older adults. Nevertheless, using digital technologies is not a matter of course for this group. Due to the...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783031615429;9783031615436
Against the backdrop of demographic change and advancing digitalization, digital skills are indispensable for older adults. Nevertheless, using digital technologies is not a matter of course for this group. Due to their structures and regional networking, multigenerational houses (MGHs) are suitable platforms for promoting media skills for older adults. Training programs consisting of courses and media consultation hours for older adults to strengthen their digital skills were initiated and carried out in Bavarian MGHs. The aim was to understand better the mechanisms, potential, and challenges of promoting digital skills among older adults in MGHs. To this end, expert interviews were conducted with managers of seven selected MGHs in April 2023. The results show that older adults respond positively to the training programs and see considerable added value. Providing programs to promote media skills in MGHs can help to reduce the digital divide and enable older adults to participate better in a digitally shaped society.
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