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检索条件"丛书名=Lecture Notes in Geoinformation and Cartography"

共 1042 条记录，以下是1-10 订阅

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Semantic Segmentation of Buildings Using Multisource ALS Data

Semantic Segmentation of Buildings Using Multisource ALS Dat...

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18th International 3D GeoInfo Conference

作者： Walicka, Agata Pfeifer, Norbert Wroclaw Univ Environm & Life Sci Inst Geodesy & Geoinformat Grunwaldzka 53 PL-50357 Wroclaw Poland Tech Univ Wien Dept Geodesy & Geoinformat A-1040 Vienna Austria

ISBN: (纸本)9783031437014;9783031436994;9783031436987

In this paper we propose to utilize a SparseCNN network and national ALS datasets of Vienna and Zurich to achieve generalization of a classifier by including both datasets simultaneously in the training phase. The data was classified into ground and water, vegetation, building and bridges, and 'other'. The results were evaluated using median IoU. The classifier trained with both datasets performed only slightly worse on ground and water and on vegetation in comparison to the classifiers trained and tested using dataset from the same city (maximum drop of 0.3 pp from a value above 94%). For building and bridges the accuracy slightly improves (at least 0.6 pp), whereas for 'other' results are inconsistent. The classifier trained using both datasets performed substantially better than the classifiers trained using one dataset and tested on the other. Thus, training using multiple datasets leads to a more general classifier while maintaining accuracy.

关键词： LiDAR ALS Deep learning Semantic segmentation Buildings

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cjdb: A Simple, Fast, and Lean Database Solution for the CityGML Data Model

cjdb: A Simple, Fast, and Lean Database Solution for the Cit...

引用

18th International 3D GeoInfo Conference

作者： Powalka, Leon Poon, Chris Xia, Yitong Meines, Siebren Yan, Lan Cai, Yuduan Stavropoulou, Gina Dukai, Balazs Ledoux, Hugo Delft Univ Technol Delft Netherlands 3DGI Delft Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)9783031437014;9783031436994;9783031436987

When it comes to storing 3D city models in a database, the implementation of the CityGML data model can be quite demanding and often results in complicated schemas. As an example, 3DCityDB, a widely used solution, depends on a schema having 66 tables, mapping closely the CityGML architecture. In this paper, we propose an alternative (called 'cjdb') for storing CityGML models efficiently in PostgreSQL with a much simpler table structure and data model design (only 3 tables are necessary). This is achieved by storing the attributes and geometries of the objects directly in JSON. In the case of the geometries we thus adopt the Simple Feature paradigm and we use the structure of CityJSON. We compare our solution against 3DCityDB with large real-world 3D city models, and we find that cjdb has significantly lower demands in storage space (around a factor of 10), allows for faster import/export of data, and has a comparable data retrieval speed with some queries being faster and some slower. The accompanying software (importer and exporter) is available at https://***/cityjson/cjdb/under a permissive open-source license.

关键词： CityGML 3DCityDB 3D modelling DBMS CityJSON

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Identification and Interpretation of Change Patterns in Semantic 3D City Models

Identification and Interpretation of Change Patterns in Sema...

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18th International 3D GeoInfo Conference

作者： Nguyen, Son H. Kolbe, Thomas H. Tech Univ Munich Munich Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783031437014;9783031436994;9783031436987

Urban Digital Twins have received significant attention in recent years due to their economic and research importance. Although many definitions exist, the general consensus agrees on a continuous two-way data flow between a physical entity and its virtual counterpart in a digital twin. In the context of smart cities and semantic 3D city models, however, no major breakthrough in realizing such complex change detection and analysis systems has yet been achieved. While several methods for change detection in semantic 3D city models have been proposed, the analysis of found changes, especially the identification of patterns among a large number of changes, has not been given as much attention. Without a proper handling of patterns, it is difficult to provide useful interpretation of changes with respect to stakeholders. Therefore, this research proposes a framework to define, detect and decipher complex semantic change patterns in semantic 3D city models. The approach provides a central rule network to describe aggregation relations between changes as well as methods to identify and capture detected change patterns directly in the graph representation of a city model.

关键词： Semantic networks Change patterns Urban digital twins

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Framing the Forest: A Comparative Analysis of Google Earth Engine Classifiers for Accurate Species Extraction 3rd

Framing the Forest: A Comparative Analysis of Google Earth E...

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3rd International Conference on Geospatial Information Sciences (iGISc)

作者： Monteiro, Luis Almeida, Bruna Duarte, Bruna Cabral, Pedro Univ Nova Lisboa NOVA Informat Management Sch NOVA IMS Campus Campolide P-1070312 Lisbon Portugal Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol Sch Remote Sensing & Geomat Engn Nanjing 210044 Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9783031614422;9783031614408;9783031614392

Forests are critical ecosystems that provide multiple ecological services;therefore, accurate classification of their species is crucial for effective forest management and conservation. In this study, we compared and evaluated the performance of several Google Earth Engine (GEE) classifiers for extracting main forest species in Portugal. For this purpose, a time series of Sentinel-2 images was investigated for 2018 using a two-stage supervised classification workflow, which involved Random Forest, Naive Bayes, Classification and Regression Trees, Gradient Boosting Trees, and Support Vector Machine classifiers. In the first stage, Sentinel-2 images were analyzed to provide a binary land cover map from where the forest layer was extracted. The layer obtained was then used for masking the input features to the second stage. The latter stage discriminated six forest species by analyzing several input feature configurations. These included multiple spectral indices selected from the time series, as well as topographic factors. The performance of each classifier in species discrimination was assessed by comparing accuracy metrics obtained from the selected input configurations. The highest overall accuracy of the map was estimated at 68.75%, with a kappa of 0.62, for the Support Vector Machine classifier. The study's findings highlight the importance of algorithm selection using the GEE platform for accurate forest species classification in similar landscape characteristics, informing researchers, conservation practitioners, and forest managers for improved management and conservation strategies.

关键词： Earth observation Machine-learning Forest species Google earth engine Ecosystem services

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The 3D GeoInfo Journey from 2006 to 2022: A Reflection

The 3D GeoInfo Journey from 2006 to 2022: A Reflection

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18th International 3D GeoInfo Conference

作者： Rahman, Alias Abdul Univ Teknol Malaysia 3D GIS Res Lab Fac Built Environm & Surveying Johor Baharu 81310 Johor Malaysia

ISBN: (纸本)9783031437014;9783031436994;9783031436987

This paper describes research on 3D GIS and the related studies undertaken by the community that were published and presented at the 3D GeoInfo conferences from 2006 to 2022: the first conference was organized in Kuala Lumpur and the 17th conference in Sydney. Several earlier works (published prior to 2006) are also part of the compilation, forming a basis of the 3D GIS research literature and part of the introduction of this paper. Almost all events in the series are described, with the exception of the Wuhan version. The descriptions are categorized into two decades, and the reflections of the 3D GIS research, and development (R-&-D) are highlighted towards the end of the paper.

关键词： 3D spatial data 3D spatial modelling 3D data processing 3D spatial database 3D visualization 3D city modelling Digital twins 3D geoinformation

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Topological Representation of a 4D Cell Complex and Its Dual-Feasibility Study

Topological Representation of a 4D Cell Complex and Its Dual...

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18th International 3D GeoInfo Conference

作者： Boguslawski, Pawel Wroclaw Univ Environm & Life Sci Inst Geodesy & Geoinformat Grunwaldzka 53 PL-50357 Wroclaw Poland

ISBN: (纸本)9783031437014;9783031436994;9783031436987

Representations of an object in different granularity using the Level of Detail concept are usually separated without links between corresponding components. Extension of a 3D model to the fourth dimension opens new possibilities for spatial analysis. Integration of scale using additional spatial dimension can help in scale-dependent analysis and preserving consistency, especially in case of model updates. In this paper, an extended version of the dual half-edge structure for topological representation of 4D cell complexes is proposed. This feasibility study shows implementation of the Poincare duality theorem in practice. Thanks to that, the data structure remains simple, where only two atomic elements are used in a construction process i.e. nodes and edges. This solution lays the groundwork for future research, where topological links in the fourth dimension will be used to connect consecutive object representations of different granularity.

关键词： 4D modelling Data structures Topology Levels of detail

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Development of a Geo to BIM Converter: CityJSON Importer Plugin for Autodesk Revit

Development of a Geo to BIM Converter: CityJSON Importer Plu...

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18th International 3D GeoInfo Conference

作者： Hakim, Amir van der Vaart, Jasper Ohori, Ken Arroyo Stoter, Jantien Delft Univ Technol 3D Geoinformat Res Grp Delft Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)9783031437014;9783031436994;9783031436987

The integration of 3D city models and Building Information Models (BIM) in the context of GeoBIM has gained significant attention from both academia and industry. Harmonizing the distinct characteristics and goals of these models is crucial for successful integration. In this paper, we present the development of a plugin for Autodesk Revit, a popular BIM platform, which allows for the incorporation of 3D Geo-data encoded in CityJSON. The plugin, published as open source, enables the generation of individual geometries with associated city model attributes as parameters, facilitating analysing the impact of new or changed buildings (modelled in BIM) on the environment (captured in geo-data). Challenges addressed during development include georeferencing, data format import, handling different geometry approaches, hierarchy of attributes, code optimization, user-friendliness, and enhanced visualization. The plugin contributes to the seamless integration of geo- and BIM data, enhancing interoperability and supporting informed decision-making in the Architecture, Engineering, and Construction and urban domains.

关键词： Building information modelling Georeferencing Interoperability CityJSON 3D city models

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A Framework for Generating IndoorGML Data from Omnidirectional Images

A Framework for Generating IndoorGML Data from Omnidirection...

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18th International 3D GeoInfo Conference

作者： Kim, Misun Lee, Jeongwon Lee, Jiyeong Univ Seoul Dept Geoinformat Seoul South Korea

ISBN: (纸本)9783031437014;9783031436994;9783031436987

Due to its efficiency and effectiveness, image data is widely used in many fields to express indoor space. Image data has the advantage of providing rich visual elements and having low construction cost. However, most spatial applications built on image data are limited to visualizing the indoor space because combining image with topology data is difficult. Topology data that expresses spatial relationships is essential to provide services such as routing and spatial queries in applications. To overcome those limitation, this study proposes the framework of generating topology data from image data. This paper discusses the methods of capturing image data from indoor space, detecting spatial entities and spatial relationships from omnidirectional images, and generating IndooGML NRG (Node-Relation Graph) data. The methodologies proposed in this study can create topology data using only images without additional data and build topology data at a low cost. Using the suggested framework, we expect to be able to provide a variety of services for more indoor spaces.

关键词： IndoorGML Indoor GIS Omnidirectional image Indoor topology

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MoLi-PoseGAN: Model-based Indoor Relocalization Using GAN and Deep Pose Regression from Synthetic LiDAR Scans

MoLi-PoseGAN: Model-based Indoor Relocalization Using GAN an...

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18th International 3D GeoInfo Conference

作者： Zhao, Hang Tomko, Martin Khoshelham, Kourosh Univ Melbourne Dept Infrastruct Engn Parkville Vic 3010 Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9783031437014;9783031436994;9783031436987

Model-based LiDAR localization systems provide accurate pose estimation but they highly rely on the accuracy of 3D models. The inaccurate parts of 3D models will introduce localization errors. This paper presents a novel LiDAR relocalization method using synthetic LiDAR scans generated from a LiDAR generative adversarial network. Synthetic LiDAR scans are generated in a 3D model using the poses of a set of real LiDAR scans and to train a change detection network together with the corresponding real LiDAR scans to detect differences between the 3D models and the real environments. The synthetic and real data, and the differences are used in a generative adversarial network to correct the difference in synthetic LiDAR scans. Apose regression network is then trained using the corrected synthetic LiDAR scans and tested using new real LiDAR data. Experimental results show the proposed method achieves a higher accuracy than previous model-based pose regression methods.

关键词： Relocalization Synthetic LiDAR scans Generative adversarial network 3D model Change detection

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Requirements for Web-Based 4D Visualisation of Integrated 3D City Models and Sensor Data in Urban Digital Twins

Requirements for Web-Based 4D Visualisation of Integrated 3D...

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18th International 3D GeoInfo Conference

作者： Gitahi, Joseph Kolbe, Thomas H. Tech Univ Munich Chair Geoinformat D-80333 Munich Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783031437014;9783031436994;9783031436987

Urban Digital Twins (UDTs) have emerged as essential tools for managing city operations, forming the basis of smart city solutions. They offer a digital representation of the physical urban environment, which supports various city applications such as monitoring mobility, air quality, and modelling simulations. To accurately represent the physical world, UDTs need to be updated continuously to reflect the changes in the urban environment on time. The Internet of Things (IoT) enables real-time data collection to capture these changes. Combined with 3D city models, IoT allows the interactive visualisation of patterns and trends in UDTs. In this study, we conduct investigations on the requirements for the web visualisation of semantic 3D city models enriched with time-dependent properties from IoT and simulation data. We explore the 3D models and IoT data integration requirements, 4D web visualisation design considerations, and the technical implementation requirements for rendering dynamic properties for UDTs applications. The paper also presents a workflow and a web viewer prototype for the 4D visualisation of integrated 3D models and dynamic data.

关键词： IoT 3D models Urban digital twins 4D visualisation

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