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检索条件"丛书名=Lecture Notes in Geoinformation and Cartography"

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French Cartographic Services in the Levant: Putting Syria and Lebanon on the Map of the Empire 7th

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7th International Symposium of the ICA-Commission-on-the-History-of-cartography

作者： Le Douarin, Louis European Univ Inst Hist & Civilizat Dept Florence Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9783030234478;9783030234461

This chapter looks at the history of the establishment of French cartographic services in Syria and Lebanon from 1919, contextualizing it within a larger institutional, imperial and scientific framework. More specifically, it focuses on the circulation of imperial cartographic knowledge and practices between imperial realms and inside the French empire. The establishment of the League of Nations Mandate coincided with the immediate post-war years that led to a reconfiguration of the power balance at the world scale and saw the growth of new international platforms for political but also scientific cooperation. Against this tensed context, the cartographic project for the Levant and the first surveys were thus entangled in complex and connected levels, which in turn helps to temper the idea of an omnipotent and performative imperial cartography.

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Empire as Spectacle: Harmsworth's Atlas of the World and Pictorial Gazetteer with an Atlas of the Great War 7th

引用

7th International Symposium of the ICA-Commission-on-the-History-of-cartography

作者： Vujakovic, Peter Canterbury Christ Church Univ Geog Canterbury Kent England

ISBN: (纸本)9783030234478;9783030234461

Harmsworth's Atlas of the World and Pictorial Gazetteer with an Atlas of the Great War, published c.1920, is an extravagant and extremely detailed work of geography and cartography. The world is laid before its readership as a spectacle involving four hundred and eighty-five coloured maps, and over three and a half thousand photographs of peoples and places. It celebrates the British Empire, but also explores the significant penetration of competitor powers world-wide. The atlas is examined from a world-systems perspective, which recognizes inter-regional and transnational division of the world into core, periphery and semi-periphery. The information contained in the atlas is consistent with the understanding needed for restructuring of the British economy following the end of the 'Edwardian Boom' and the devastation of the 'Great War', prior to which the two main lead regions in contention with Great Britain were Germany and the USA. Germany's pre-war 'peaceful penetration' of areas of British interest are dissected forensically in the section on the 'Great War'. The world-wide development of communications infrastructure, as well as industries, is covered in great detail in the atlas;which could be described as a 'road map' for reassertion of British hegemony. The paper draws cultural geography to explore the way in which the atlas interpreted the world for its readership. It examines the visual and textual means by which an 'imperial gaze' is constructed as a set of representations that reinforce the assumed superiority of the Anglo-Saxon world. Distant places and peoples are subordinated to this gaze, and their geographies constructed according to a grand imperial vision.

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Web-Based Visualization of Big Geospatial Vector Data 22nd

Web-Based Visualization of Big Geospatial Vector Data

引用

22nd AGILE Conference on Geographic Information Science

作者： Zouhar, Florian Senner, Ivo Fraunhofer Inst Comp Graph Res IGD Darmstadt Germany Tech Univ Darmstadt Darmstadt Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783030147457;9783030147440

Today, big data is one of the most challenging topics in computer science. To give customers, developers or domain experts an overviewof their data, it needs to be visualized. In case data contains geospatial information, it becomes more difficult, because most users have a well-trained experience how to explore geographic information. A common map interface allows users zooming and panning to explore the whole dataset. This paper focuses on an approach to visualize huge sets of geospatial data in modern web browsers along with maintaining a dynamic tile tree. The contribution of this work is, to make it possible to render over one million polygons integrated in a modern web application by using 2D Vector Tiles. A major challenge is the map interface providing interaction features such as data-driven filtering and styling of vector data for intuitive data exploration. A web application requests, handles and renders the vector tiles. Such an application has to keep its responsiveness for a better user experience. Our approach to build and maintain the tile tree database provides an interface to import new data and more valuable a flexible way to request Vector Tiles. This is important to face the issues regarding memory allocation in modern web applications.

关键词： Bigdata Visualization Vector-tiling Geospatial data Web

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Route Optimisation for Winter Maintenance 22nd

Route Optimisation for Winter Maintenance

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22nd AGILE Conference on Geographic Information Science

作者： Raghestani, Nikmal Kessler, Carsten Aalborg Univ Dept Planning Copenhagen Denmark

ISBN: (纸本)9783030147457;9783030147440

In many countries, winter maintenance is a requirement to keep public life going throughout the cold season. This paper investigates the optimization of salt spreading routes in Denmark in terms of service time and cost. It looks at salting as a capacitated arc routing problem and proposes a greedy randomized adaptive search procedure to this end. At the core of the proposed approach is a heuristic algorithm based on simulated annealing that improves the initial route by searching for alternatives within a predefined search space, taking into account a number of constraints and criteria at each iteration of the procedure. The performance of the optimization approach is tested on three different existing service routes, where it is shown to reduce route length by an average of 8.7% and service time by an average of 9.5%.

关键词： Capacitated arc routing problem Simulated annealing Route optimization

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A Clustering-Based Framework for Understanding Individuals' Travel Mode Choice Behavior 22nd

A Clustering-Based Framework for Understanding Individuals' ...

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22nd AGILE Conference on Geographic Information Science

作者： Zhao, Pengxiang Bucher, Dominik Martin, Henry Raubal, Martin Swiss Fed Inst Technol Inst Cartog & Geoinformat Stefano Franscini Pl 5 CH-8093 Zurich Switzerland

ISBN: (纸本)9783030147457;9783030147440

Travel mode choice analysis is a central aspect of understanding human mobility and plays an important role in urban transportation and planning. The emergence of passively recorded movement datawith spatio-temporal and semantic information offers opportunities for uncovering individuals' travel mode choice behavior. Considering that many of these choices are highly regular and are performed in similar manners by different groups of people, it is desirable to identify these groups and their characteristic behavior (e.g. for educational or political incentives or to find environmentally-friendly people). Previous research mainly grouped people according to "mobility snapshots", i.e. mobility patterns exhibited at a single point in time. We argue that especially when considering the change of behavior over time, we need to investigate the behavioral dynamic processes resp. the change of travel mode choices over time. We present a framework that can be used to cluster people according to the dynamics of their travel mode choice behavior, based on automatically tracked GPS data. We test the framework on a large user sample of 107 persons in Switzerland and interpret their travel mode choice behavior patterns based on the clustering results. This facilitates understanding people's travel mode choice behavior in multimodal transportation and how to design reasonable alternatives to private cars for more sustainable cities.

关键词： Human movement data Travel mode choice behavior Autocorrelation Hierarchical clustering

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Market Area Delineation for Airports to Predict the Spread of Infectious Disease 22nd

Market Area Delineation for Airports to Predict the Spread o...

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22nd AGILE Conference on Geographic Information Science

作者： Huber, Carmen Rinner, Claus Ryerson Univ Dept Geog & Environm Studies 350 Victoria St Toronto ON M5B 2K3 Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9783030147457;9783030147440

Air travel facilitates the international spread of infectious disease. While global air travel data represent the volume of travel between airports, identifying which airport an infected individual might use, or where a disease might spread after an infected passenger deplanes, remains a largely unexplored area of research and public health practice. This gap can be addressed by estimating airport catchment areas. This research aims to determine how existing market area delineation techniques estimate airport catchments differently, and which techniques are best suited to anticipate where infectious diseases may spread. Multiple techniques were tested for airports in the Province of Ontario, Canada: circular buffers, drive-time buffers, Thiessen polygons, and the Huff model, with multiple variations tested for some techniques. The results were compared qualitatively and quantitatively based on spatial patterns as well as area and population of each catchment area. There were notable differences, specifically between deterministic and probabilistic approaches. Deterministic techniques may only be suitable if all airports in a study area are similar in terms of attractiveness. The probabilistic Huff model appeared to produce more realistic results because it accounted for variation in airport attractiveness. Additionally, the Huff model requires few inputs and therefore would be efficient to execute in situations where time, resources, and data are limited.

关键词： Airport catchments Huff model Infectious disease Public health Retail geography

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Potential of Crowdsourced Traces for Detecting Updates in Authoritative Geographic Data 22nd

Potential of Crowdsourced Traces for Detecting Updates in Au...

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22nd AGILE Conference on Geographic Information Science

作者： Ivanovic, Stefan S. Olteanu-Raimond, Ana-Maria Mustiere, Sebastien Devogele, Thomas Univ Paris Est LASTIG MEIG IGN ENSG F-94160 St Mande France Univ Francois Rabelais Tours Tours France

ISBN: (纸本)9783030147457;9783030147440

Crowdsourced traces collected by GPS devices during sports activities are now widely available on different websites. The goal of this paper is to study the potential of crowdsourced traces coming from GPS devices to highlight updates in authoritative geographic data. To reach this goal, an approach based on two steps is proposed. First, a data matching method is applied to match authoritative data and crowdsourced traces. Second, for the non-matched crowdsourced segments composing a trace, different criteria are defined to decide if whether or not, non-matched segments should be considered as an alert for update in authoritative data. The proposed approach is tested on crowdsourced traces and on BDTOPO (R) authoritative road and path network in mountain area. The results are promising: 727, 1 km of missing paths were found in the test area, which corresponds to 7.7% of the total length of used traces. The discovered missing paths also represent a contribution of 2.4% of the total length of BDTopo (R) road and path network in the test area.

关键词： Data matching Crowdsourced GPS traces Detection of updates Authoritative geographic data Decision making

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'Dead on Arrival': The Unused Cartographic Legacy of Carl Friedrich Reimer 7th

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7th International Symposium of the ICA-Commission-on-the-History-of-cartography

作者： Bos, Jeroen Leiden Univ Lib Leiden Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)9783030234478;9783030234461

After the Fourth Anglo-Dutch War (1780-1784), which ended disastrously for the Dutch East India Company (VOC), the need to reform was strongly felt. The Board of Directors (Heren XVII) asked for state support. This resulted in the formation of an independent Military Commission, with the mandate of reporting on the (military) state of affairs in the East, surveying the settlements and making plans for their improvement. The Prussian-born Carl Friedrich Reimer was employed as the main surveyor and military engineer. He had already been in the VOC's service for two decades before he was given this important task and became a confidant of Governor-General Arnold Willem Alting. The Governor-General was very skeptical towards the activities of the Military Commission, which operated fully outside the Company's established chain of command. By maneuvering Reimer into the Commission, Alting had eyes and ears in its affairs. Next to observing, surveying, drawing plans and writing recommendations, Reimer would also inform Alting about the journeys. Every major Dutch settlement from South Africa to the Moluccas was visited by the Military Commission, forming a unique view on the (military) state of affairs of the Dutch presence in Asia in around 1790. Together with the various recommendations that were accompanied by the excellent military maps by Reimer, the Dutch could make a fresh start in their imperial ambitions. However, when the Commission Fleet returned to the Republic in 1793 and all the reports and maps were transferred, the political constellation no longer had an eye for the overseas troubles of the VOC. The young and revolutionary French Republic just declared war. As such, the cartographic legacy of CF Reimer was 'dead on arrival'.

关键词： Governors

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Military or Missionary Map? The First Topographic Map of Northern New Spain (1725-1729) 7th

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7th International Symposium of the ICA-Commission-on-the-History-of-cartography

作者： Altic, Mirela Inst Social Sci Zagreb Croatia

ISBN: (纸本)9783030234478;9783030234461

The first topographic map of northern New Spain appeared as part of the military inspection of the borderlands carried out by Brigadier General Pedro de Rivera y Villalon (1724-1728). Compiled by the military engineer Francisco Alvarez Barreiro between 1725 and 1729, this remarkable manuscript map, comprising five sheets and one overall map is known as the earliest official military map of the northern Spanish borderlands. However, apart from the northern edge of the Spanish Empire in New Mexico and Texas, the map also covers the vast area of Sonora, Sinaloa, Nayarit, Nueva Vizcaya, Extremadura and Nuevo Leon, reaching all the way to central Mexico. Although based on an original field survey and compiled with the clear military purpose of reinforcing the borderlands, the map shows a strong resemblance to Jesuit maps of the same region. In its style of presentation of the relief and symbolization used for the settlements, Alvarez Barreiro's map looks like a rather typical missionary map. How did that come about, and did the Jesuits contribute to its content? Based on original research of the sources of military and Jesuit provenance, the paper analyses the role the Jesuits played in the appearance of this map, as well as how this map affected the subsequent Jesuit mapping of the region. Moreover, using this example, I discuss how Jesuit mapping influenced the early military cartography (and vice versa) in general.

关键词： Maps

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Surveying Empires: Archaeologies of Colonial cartography and the Great Trigonometrical Survey of India 7th

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7th International Symposium of the ICA-Commission-on-the-History-of-cartography

作者： Lilley, Keith D. Queens Univ Belfast Hist Geog Belfast Antrim North Ireland

ISBN: (纸本)9783030234478;9783030234461

This paper demonstrates the important contribution material culture makes to histories of cartography. Focusing on the tangible and intangible heritage of the Great Trigonometrical Survey (GTS) of India, and West Bengal in particular, the material landscape legacies of the GTS are analysed and interpreted. This reveals new insights into how surveys of the GTS were undertaken in the nineteenth century, under George Everest, and the infrastructure that was created to underpin the British mapping of India. The trigonometrical stations built by the GTS were of different designs and construction, adapted in response to local conditions and circumstances. Today, this 'survey heritage' is at risk, yet provides a basis for understanding more deeply the materiality of mapping and survey practices used in mapping empires. The paper connects the three-dimensional 'spaces of survey' with the two-dimensional 'space of the map', and concludes by arguing for greater consideration of the verticality of mapping.

关键词： Surveys

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