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检索条件"丛书名=Lecture Notes in Geoinformation and Cartography"

共 1042 条记录，以下是161-170 订阅

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An Original Approach to Positioning with Cellular Fingerprints Based on Decision Tree Ensembles 14th

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14th International Conference on Location Based Services

作者： Viel, Andrea Brunello, Andrea Montanari, Angelo Pittino, Federico Univ Udine Udine Italy U Blox Italia SpA Trieste Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9783319714707;9783319714691

In addition to being a fundamental infrastructure for communication, cellular networks are employed for positioning through signal fingerprinting. In this respect, the choice of the specific strategy used to obtain a position estimation from fingerprints plays a major role in determining the overall accuracy. In this paper, a new machine learning approach, based on decision tree ensembles, is outlined and evaluated against a set of well-known, state-of-the-art fingerprint comparison functions from the literature. Tests are carried out with different tracking devices and environmental settings. It turns out that the proposed approach provides consistently better estimations than the other considered functions.

关键词： Positioning Fingerprinting Cellular Machine learning Random forest

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Computational Urban Planning and Management for Smart Cities 1st ed. 2019

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丛书名： lecture notes in geoinformation and cartography

2019年

作者： Stan Geertman Qingming Zhan Andrew Allan Christopher Pettit

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Fuzzy Spatio-Temporal Querying the PostgreSQL/PostGIS Database for Multiple Criteria Decision Making

Fuzzy Spatio-Temporal Querying the PostgreSQL/PostGIS Databa...

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GIS Ostrava Conference

作者： Duraciova, Renata Chalachanova, Jana Faixova Slovak Univ Technol Bratislava Fac Civil Engn Radlinskeho 11 Bratislava 81005 Slovakia

ISBN: (纸本)9783319612973;9783319612966

Multiple criteria decision making usually means selection of the best objects or their parameters which best meet conditions or criteria. Human decision making often involves also uncertain and vague criteria. The terms as a short distance, a high building or long time are commonly used in human speech. Nevertheless, it is not necessary to describe them exactly. In case of decision making based on lot of data and multiple criteria, data are usually stored in databases and a query language is used for handling and querying them. In this case, the criteria should be defined in a formal computer language. The standard for querying data in relational databases is the Structured Query Language (SQL). All objects and phenomena, and everything people do, is experience in space and time. Space and time, therefore, should be used as a framework for querying and reasoning about information stored in database systems. Databases, in which spatial and temporal data types are included and functions for their handling are supported, are called the spatio-temporal databases. To spatio-temporal query a database, an extension of standard SQL to support spatial and temporal data is needed. Uncertain spatio-temporal queries are not yet standardized and they are a current topic of research. For uncertain queries creation and expression of uncertain decision criteria, development of new methods and techniques is required. One of the most widely used approach to model, analyse and process uncertain and vague data is fuzzy set theory. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a new way of application fuzzy set theory to spatio-temporal querying. For the case study realisation, the open source PostgreSQL database system extended by the PostGIS we have used. The implementation of the proposed principles of fuzzy set theory to spatio-temporal querying databases can bring an opportunity for the efficient decision making based on multiple uncertain criteria.

关键词： Spatio-temporal database Fuzzy querying Multiple criteria decision making PostgreSQL

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Geo-Dynamic Decision Support System for Urban Traffic Management

Geo-Dynamic Decision Support System for Urban Traffic Manage...

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GIS Ostrava Conference

作者： Kazak, Jan Chalfen, Mieczyslaw Kaminska, Joanna Szewranski, Szymon Swiader, Malgorzata Wroclaw Univ Environm & Life Sci Dept Spatial Econ Ul Grunwaldzka 55 PL-50357 Wroclaw Poland Wroclaw Univ Environm & Life Sci Dept Math Ul Grunwaldzka 53 PL-50357 Wroclaw Poland

ISBN: (纸本)9783319612973;9783319612966

The paper presents the geo-dynamic decision support system (DSS) for urban traffic management issues. For this purpose, ArcGIS and Tableau softwares were used. Additionally, a self-defined transportation model based on Dijkstra's algorithm was created. The use of our own calculation model allowed for the full accessibility to all parameters of the analysed scenarios which was one of the key assumptions of the research. Functionality of the proposed DSS was tested on three scenarios. Each scenario presents congestion on the road network after the conclusion of events in main landmarks in Wroclaw (Poland): the city stadium, the National Forum of Music and the Centennial Hall. The proposed DSS allows for dynamic analysis of urban traffic, including recalculation processes according to the changing congestion on a road network. Moreover, cumulative urban traffic assessment allows you to define hot spots on a network, which should be especially monitored by public services. An interactive dashboard reduces technical details of an analysis which helps to avoid the cognitive problems of the decision making process for a layman. The results prove the feasibility of the integration of the ArcGIS, self-defined transportation model and Tableau. The proposed solution enables full access to the transportation analysis' assumptions, as well as the use of a simple and intuitive interactive dashboard for the decision making process.

关键词： Urban traffic modelling Dijkstra's algorithm Tableau Decision support system Visual data analysis

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Configuration of Wireless Sensor Network in Olomouc

Configuration of Wireless Sensor Network in Olomouc

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GIS Ostrava Conference

作者： Hejlova, Vendula Pohanka, Tomas Palacky Univ Olomouc Dept Geoinformat 17 Listopadu 50 Olomouc Czech Republic

ISBN: (纸本)9783319612973;9783319612966

Wireless sensor network is a new fast evolving technology used in both environmental and socioeconomic applications. The usage of this technology in a city environment is influenced by many factors dealing with technical parameters of the nodes, parameters of terrain and other disturbing factors in a city such as signal interruptions, etc. The biggest advantage of this technology is the real-time monitoring. Every wireless sensor network has technical parameters that are tested in a real terrain deployment. Distribution of nodes under the real conditions is adjusted to the results of the technical tests. These parameters include determination of the least loaded communication channel, computation of data delivery ratio (DDR), testing of battery consumption under defined conditions and determination of received signal strength indicator (RSSI). Experimental wireless sensor network was established in Olomouc in 2015. Wireless nodes Waspmote Plug and Sense produced by Spanish company Libelium are used. Olomouc wireless sensor network is oriented on meteorological monitoring. The attention is aimed at air pollutants related to traffic. The nodes are situated to two clusters-the first cluster is located to the uptown part of Olomouc, the second one is located to the centre of Olomouc. The communication between nodes and gateway is carried out using IEEE 802.15.4 protocol. The goal of this paper is to evaluate technical data from the real deployment of the nodes and to use it for the design of optimal wireless sensor network using Libelium devices equipped with 802.15.4 radio.

关键词： Wireless sensor network Parameters of nodes Libelium Meteorological monitoring

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Spatial and Temporal Comparison of Safety Perception in Urban Spaces. Case Study of Olomouc, Opava and Jihlava

Spatial and Temporal Comparison of Safety Perception in Urba...

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GIS Ostrava Conference

作者： Panek, Jiri Paszto, Vit Simacek, Petr Palacky Univ Olomouc Dept Dev Studies Fac Sci 17 Listopadu 12 Olomouc 77146 Czech Republic Palacky Univ Olomouc Dept Geoinformat Fac Sci 17 Listopadu 50 Olomouc 77146 Czech Republic Moravian Univ Coll Dept Comp Sci & Appl Math Tr Kosmonautu 1288-1 Olomouc 77900 Czech Republic Palacky Univ Olomouc Dept Geog Fac Sci 17 Listopadu 12 Olomouc 77146 Czech Republic

ISBN: (纸本)9783319612973;9783319612966

Subjective and participatory mapping has become an important tool for urban planners and city administrations. Perceptions of safety can affect the quality of life and property prices. The presented paper describes participatory mapping exercises in three Czech cities, where questions were asked concerning people's subjective perceptions of safety during the day and at night. Respondents in Olomouc (n = 661), Opava (n = 901) and Jihlava (n = 106) respectively indicated 1516 (Olomouc);3491 (Opava) and 894 (Jihlava) places as unsafe. The data was gathered over a period of two years;in Olomouc data was collected between 1st October and 2nd December 2015, in Opava the survey took place between 19th October 2016 and 30th December 2016, and in Jihlava in the period from 30th November 2015 until 4th March 2016. The data collected included information about the gender of the respondents and the day-time/night-time division of perceived safety, so it was possible to analyse gender differences as well as time specifics from the collected data. The results suggest that there are certain areas in all three cities that have similar patterns (train stations, city parks, dark and narrow streets, excluded communities).

关键词： Emotional mapping Subjective data Public participation Geovisualisation

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Topology Extraction from Occupancy Grids 14th

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14th International Conference on Location Based Services

作者： Werner, Martin German Aerosp Ctr DLR Remote Sensing Technol Inst IMF D-82234 Oberpfaffenhofen Weling Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783319714707;9783319714691

A fundamental problem in indoor location-based services is to compute the meaning of location with respect to an indoor location model. One specific challenge in this area is represented by the central tradeoff between two philosophies: a decent amount of the community tries to provide high-quality, high-fidelity models investing specialized knowledge and a lot of time in building such models for each building thereby increasing simplicity and quality of location-based services such as navigation or guidance. In contrast to that, other people argue that crowd sourcing and very simple representations of environmental information are the only way of generating indoor environmental information at scale. However, applications then have to tolerate errors and deal with oversimplified models. With this paper, we show for a specific widely accepted simple environmental model in which building floorplans are represented as black-and-white bitmaps, how we can provide algorithms for extracting higher order topological concepts from these trivial maps. We further illustrate how these can be applied to the hard problem of indoor shortest path calculation, indoor alternative path calculation, indoor spatial statistics, and path segmentation.

关键词： Location based services

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Dynamic Visualization of Transit Information Using Genetic Algorithms for Path Schematization

Dynamic Visualization of Transit Information Using Genetic A...

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GIS Ostrava Conference

作者： Galvao, Marcelo Ramos, Francisco Lamar, Marcus Taco, Pastor Univ Munster Inst Geoinformat Munster Germany Jaume I Univ Inst New Imaging Technol Castellon de La Plana Spain Univ Brasilia Dept Ciencia Comp Brasilia DF Brazil Univ Brasilia Programa Posgrad Transportes Brasilia DF Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9783319612973;9783319612966

In this paper, we present a genetic algorithm for path octilinear simplification. The octilinear layout, recognized worldwide in metro maps, has the special property that edge orientations are restricted to eight angles. The proposed search technique combines possible solutions to find a solution with a desired balance between faithfulness to the original shape and reduction of bends along the path. We also aim the genetic algorithm to real-time response for dynamic web visualizations so we can experiment on how algorithms for the visualization of schematic maps can be availed in a context of mobile web devices in order to empower efficiency in transmitting transit and navigation information. A prototype of a web application and real transit data of the city of Castellon in Spain were used to test the methodology. The results have shown that real-time schematizations open possibilities concerning usability that add extra value to schematic transit maps. Additionally, performance tests show that the proposed genetic algorithms, if combined with topological data and scale variation transformation, are adequate to sketch bus transit maps automatically in terms of efficiency.

关键词： Transit map Schematic generalization Octilinear graph Genetic algorithm Digital map Web visualization Public transportation

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Spatio-Temporal Traffic Flow Forecasting on a City-Wide Sensor Network

Spatio-Temporal Traffic Flow Forecasting on a City-Wide Sens...

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GIS Ostrava Conference

作者： Kunde, Felix Hartenstein, Alexander Sauer, Petra Beuth Univ Appl Sci Berlin Luxemburger Str 10 D-13353 Berlin Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783319612973;9783319612966

Intelligent transportation systems (ITS) all around the world are collecting and processing huge amounts of data from numerous sensors to generate a ground truth of urban traffic. Such data has set the foundation of traffic theory, planning and simulation to create rule-based systems but it can also be very useful for time-series analysis to predict future traffic flow. Still, the acceptance for data-driven forecasting is quiet low in productive systems of the public sector. Without enough probe data from floating cars (FCD) ITS owners feel unable to reach an accuracy like private telecommunication or car manufacturing companies. On the other hand, investigating into FCD requires a thoughtful treatment of user privacy and a close look on data quality which can also be very time consuming. With this paper we prove that a modern deep learning framework is capable to operate on city-wide sensor data and produces very good results with even simple artificial neural networks (ANN). In order to forecast space-time traffic dynamics we are testing a Feed Forward Neural Network (FFNN) with different geotemporal constraints and can show where and when they have a positive but also a negative effect on the prediction accuracy.

关键词： Traffic forecasting Time series analysis Spatio-temporal data mining Neural network Deep learning

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Continuous Trajectory Pattern Mining for Mobility Behaviour Change Detection 14th

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14th International Conference on Location Based Services

作者： Jonietz, David Bucher, Dominik Swiss Fed Inst Technol Inst Cartog & Geoinformat Stefano Franscini Pl 5 CH-8093 Zurich Switzerland

ISBN: (纸本)9783319714707;9783319714691

With the emergence of ubiquitous movement tracking technologies, developing systems which continuously monitor or even influence the mobility behaviour of individuals in order to increase its sustainability is now possible. Currently, however, most approaches do not move beyond merely describing the status quo of the observed mobility behaviour, and require an expert to assess possible behaviour changes of individual persons. Especially today, automated methods for this assessment are needed, which is why we propose a framework for detecting behavioural anomalies of individual users by continuously mining their movement trajectory data streams. For this, a workflow is presented which integrates data preprocessing, completeness assessment, feature extraction and pattern mining, and anomaly detection. In order to demonstrate its functionality and practical value, we apply our system to a real-world, large-scale trajectory dataset collected from 139 users over 3 months.

关键词： Mobility Trajectory mining Anomaly detection Sustainability Behavior change

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