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Road Network Fusion for Incremental Map Updates 14th

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14th International Conference on Location Based Services

作者： Stanojevic, Rade Abbar, Sofiane Thirumuruganathan, Saravanan Morales, Gianmarco De Francisci Chawla, Sanjay Filali, Fethi Aleimat, Ahid HBKU Qatar Comp Res Inst POB 5825 Doha Qatar QSTP Qatar Mobil Innovat Ctr POB 210531 Doha Qatar

ISBN: (纸本)9783319714707;9783319714691

In the recent years a number of novel, automatic map-inference techniques have been proposed, which derive road-network from a cohort of GPS traces collected by a fleet of vehicles. In spite of considerable attention, these maps are imperfect in many ways: they create an abundance of spurious connections, have poor coverage, and are visually confusing. Hence, commercial and crowd-sourced mapping services heavily use human annotation to minimize the mapping errors. Consequently, their response to changes in the road network is inevitably slow. In this paper we describe MapFuse, a system which fuses a human-annotated map (e.g., OpenStreetMap) with any automatically inferred map, thus effectively enabling quick map updates. In addition to new road creation, we study in depth road closure, which have not been examined in the past. By leveraging solid, human-annotated maps with minor corrections, we derive maps which minimize the trajectory matching errors due to both road network change and imperfect map inference of fully-automatic approaches.

关键词： Map fusion Map inference Road closures

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Linked Data for a Digital Earth: Spatial Forecasting with Next Generation Geographical Data 13th

Linked Data for a Digital Earth: Spatial Forecasting with Ne...

引用

13th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT)

作者： Mc Cutchan, Marvin TU Wien Gusshausstr 27-29 Vienna Austria

ISBN: (纸本)9783319639468;9783319639451

This document outlines potential research on integrating heterogeneous geographical data for forecasting purposes within the context of Digital Earth. The approach presented in this document relies on Linked Data principles which provide advantages for data integration but also data access. A structure for embedding geographic data into Linked Data is proposed. This structure is then utilized for forecasting spatial phenomena by establishing spatial association rules. The expected outcome of this proposed work is a framework capable of extracting association rules from the Linked Open Data web and an investigation of these rules as well as their potential.

关键词： Linked data Spatial prediction Machine learning

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Dynamic Zoning in the Course of GIS-Based Football Game Analysis

Dynamic Zoning in the Course of GIS-Based Football Game Anal...

引用

GIS Ostrava Conference

作者： Kotzbek, Gilbert Kainz, Wolfgang Univ Vienna Fac Earth Sci Geog & Astron Dept Geog & Reg Res Univ Str 7 A-1010 Vienna Austria

ISBN: (纸本)9783319612973;9783319612966

This paper is one of a series of articles about GIS-based game analysis in association football and presents an approach to dynamic zoning of football pitches based upon the players' movements. For this purpose, tracking data are employed, which were kindly provided by ProzoneSports. Since football is highly dynamic, spaces are constantly changing over the entire game's period. Therefore, it is reasonable to capture these alterations in the team's use of space and to analyse them. In order to do so a Python script which automatically trisects the pitch vertically in a defenders', midfielders', and forwards' zone was developed. It can be executed as a custom tool in ArcGIS and determines the zones' height, width and area. Furthermore, its functionality can be considered the basis for manifold analysis opportunities. To provide an example, in the paper's second part another custom tool for ArcGIS is presented, which applies the conception of dynamic zoning for analysing the teams' offensive qualities based upon the defenders' zone's vertical height. This paper's overall objective is to highlight the benefits of dynamic zoning in the course of football game analyses. Moreover, the demonstration of the tools' functionality is intended to foster the discussion about the presented conception's methodological principles as well as its potential application areas. In addition to this, an expert survey was conducted interviewing professional game analysts from Austria and Germany. The results provide evidence that the conception of dynamic zoning is worth to refine, as it provides a novel approach of analysing the game.

关键词： GIS-based football game analysis Geographical information systems (GIS) Sports analytics Dynamic zoning ProzoneSports

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Extracting Rankings for Spatial Keyword Queries from GPS Data 14th

引用

14th International Conference on Location Based Services

作者： Keles, Ilkcan Jensen, Christian S. Saltenis, Simonas Aalborg Univ Dept Comp Sci Aalborg Denmark

ISBN: (纸本)9783319714707;9783319714691

Studies suggest that many search engine queries have local intent. We consider the evaluation of ranking functions important for such queries. The key challenge is to be able to determine the "best" ranking for a query, as this enables evaluation of the results of ranking functions. We propose a model that synthesizes a ranking of points of interest (PoI) for a given query using historical trips extracted from GPS data. To extract trips, we propose a novel PoI assignment method that makes use of distances and temporal information. We also propose a PageRank-based smoothing method to be able to answer queries for regions that are not covered well by trips. We report experimental results on a large GPS dataset that show that the proposed model is capable of capturing the visits of users to PoIs and of synthesizing rankings.

关键词： Search engines

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Semantic Web Technologies Automate Geospatial Data Conflation: Conflating Points of Interest Data for Emergency Response Services 14th

引用

14th International Conference on Location Based Services

作者： Yu, Feiyan McMeekin, David A. Arnold, Lesley West, Geoff Curtin Univ Dept Spatial Sci Perth WA 6845 Australia Cooperat Res Ctr Spatial Informat Carlton Vic Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9783319714707;9783319714691

Conflating multiple geospatial data sets into a single dataset is challenging. It requires resolving spatial and aspatial attribute conflicts between source data sets so the best value can be retained and duplicate features removed. Domain experts are able to conflate data using manual comparison techniques, but the task it is labour intensive when dealing with large data sets. This paper demonstrates how semantic technologies can be used to automate the geospatial data conflation process by showcasing how three Points of Interest (POI) data sets can be conflated into a single data set. First, an ontology is generated based on a multipurpose POI data model. Then the disparate source formats are transformed into the RDF format and linked to the designed POI Ontology during the conversion. When doing format transformations, SWRL rules take advantage of the relationships specified in the ontology to convert attribute data from different schemas to the same attribute granularity level. Finally, a chain of SWRL rules are used to replicate human logic and reasoning in the filtering process to find matched POIs and in the reasoning process to automatically make decisions where there is a conflict between attribute values. A conflated POI dataset reduces duplicates and improves the accuracy and confidence of POIs thus increasing the ability of emergency services agencies to respond quickly and correctly to emergency callouts where times are critical.

关键词： Geospatial Points of interest POI Data conflation Semantic web Ontology RDF SWRL Rules Reasoning

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"Thanks for Your Input. We Will Get Back to You Shortly." How to Design Automated Feedback in Location-Based Citizen Participation Systems 14th

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14th International Conference on Location Based Services

作者： Sackl, Andreas Thiel, Sarah-Kristin Froehlich, Peter Tscheligi, Manfred AIT Giefinggasse 2 Vienna Austria

ISBN: (纸本)9783319714707;9783319714691

Location-based citizen participation systems have so far mostly been characterized by mediated human-to-human communication between citizens, authorities and other stakeholders. However, in the near future we will see more automatized feedback elements, which inform citizens about the expectable financial or legal implications of their requests. We conducted an experiment to provide research-driven guidance for interaction design in this application context. Thirty participants submitted tree planting proposals with an experimental prototype that varied along the dimensions immediacy, implicitness, and precision. They rated the different forms of provided automatic feedback with regard to satisfaction, and they ranked them in a subsequent card sorting trial. The results show that users have considerably high expectations towards the immediacy and precision of automated feedback, regardless of the inherently higher responsiveness compared to human-operated participation systems. With regard to interaction design, results indicate that the automatically processed information should be made available as early and as possible to users.

关键词： Reforestation

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Land Use-Land Cover Change and Soil-Gully Erosion Relationships: A Study of Nanka, South-Eastern Nigeria Using Geoinformatics

Land Use-Land Cover Change and Soil-Gully Erosion Relationsh...

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GIS Ostrava Conference

作者： Nwaogu, Chukwudi Okeke, Onyedikachi Joshua Adu, Simon Assuah Babine, Edeko Pechanec, Vilem Palacky Univ Olomouc Dept Geoinformat Olomouc 77146 Czech Republic Sambus Geospatial Ltd Ghana Nigeria

ISBN: (纸本)9783319612973;9783319612966

This study aimed at identifying the land use-land cover (LULC) types and their changes by mapping the soil erodibility intensity, and estimating the LULC change caused by soil-gully erosion in Nanka region using geoinformatics tools. Data covering 1991, 2003 and 2015 were acquired from the Global Land Cover Facility (GLCF)-an Earth Science Data Interface, and from the National Space Research and Development Agency, Abuja (NASRDA). In addition, land use-land cover (LULC) data of Nanka and its environs were generated from the local government boundary map and Nigerian Administrative map at 1: 50,000 topographic scale. ENVI (version 4.7), ArcGIS 10.1, the RUSLE model and statistica software packages were used to process and analyse the data. The results revealed that areas with steep slopes have high and severe erosion levels except for Isuofia community which is on steep slope yet, has slight erosion because of the prevalence of dense forest vegetation cover. Integration of Remote Sensing, GIS and the RUSLE model has shown technical benefit, cost-effectiveness with reliable result and should be applied in the future assessment of erosion in Nigeria and other African countries.

关键词： Land use-land cover Soil-gully erosion GIS RUSLE Nigeria

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Jaccard Analysis and LASSO-Based Feature Selection for Location Fingerprinting with Limited Computational Complexity 14th

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14th International Conference on Location Based Services

作者： Zhou, Caifa Wieser, Andreas Swiss Fed Inst Technol Inst Geodesy & Photogrammetry Stefano Franscini Pl 5 CH-8093 Zurich Switzerland

ISBN: (纸本)9783319714707;9783319714691

We propose an approach to reduce both computational complexity and data storage requirements for the online positioning stage of a fingerprinting-based indoor positioning system (FIPS) by introducing segmentation of the region of interest (RoI) into sub-regions, sub-region selection using a modified Jaccard index, and feature selection based on randomized least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO). We implement these steps into a Bayesian framework of position estimation using the maximum a posteriori (MAP) principle. An additional benefit of these steps is that the time for estimating the position, and the required data storage are virtually independent of the size of the RoI and of the total number of available features within the RoI. Thus the proposed steps facilitate application of FIPS to large areas. Results of an experimental analysis using real data collected in an office building using a Nexus 6P smart phone as user device and a total station for providing position ground truth corroborate the expected performance of the proposed approach. The positioning accuracy obtained by only processing 10 automatically identified features instead of all available ones and limiting position estimation to 10 automatically identified sub-regions instead of the entire RoI is equivalent to processing all available data. In the chosen example, 50% of the errors are less than 1.8 m and 90% are less than 5 m. However, the computation time using the automatically identified subset of data is only about 1% of that required for processing the entire data set.

关键词： Computational complexity

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Prediction Models for Landscape Development in GIS

Prediction Models for Landscape Development in GIS

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GIS Ostrava Conference

作者： Nwaogu, Chukwudi Benc, Antonin Pechanec, Vilem Palacky Univ Olomouc Dept Geoinformat Olomouc 77146 Czech Republic

ISBN: (纸本)9783319612973;9783319612966

Ameliorating the impacts of global change on the physical and socioeconomic environment is essential for the restoration and sustainability of our ecosystems. Landscape modifications have been discovered as one of the primary causes of the environmental change and has therefore gained reasonable attention in the modeling techniques, because understanding the land use-land cover change (LULCC), the drivers and processes provides the solution to the environmental challenge. Sequel to this, several empirical methods and software for modeling LULCC have been developed and applied such as the spatial-statistical based (regressions, Artificial Neural Networks, GISCAME), Markov Chain, Cellular automata, the hybrid (CA-Markov), Agent-Based, CLUE, Land Change Modeler (LCM), Dinamica EGO, GEOMOD, and Scenarios for InVEST. This paper reviews the implementations, prospects, and the limits of these modeling software packages. Comparative assessment review of the models including their capabilities, applications and output were also highlighted. Finally, two of the models (LCM and CLUE) were used to predict the LULCC in a municipal area in south-east, Nigeria (a case study), and this helps to illustrate the afore-mentioned explanations and variations about the outputs of different models in assessing the LULCC of same location in time. Different models can behave differently when applied in same location at the same time as demonstrated by the applications of LCM and CLUE in our study. In addition to other LULC type dynamics in the models outputs, we have prediction map from CLUE showing higher built-up areas (42.7 km(2)) compared with that of LCM result (35.2 km(2)) while, the LCM projection revealed more areas for light vegetation cover (29.5 km(2)) in comparison with the 16.5 km(2) from the CLUE model result.

关键词： Landscape change models Land change modeler CLUE Markov chain Cellular automata

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Discovering and Learning Recurring Structures in Building Floor Plans 14th

引用

14th International Conference on Location Based Services

作者： Sedlmeier, Andreas Feld, Sebastian Ludwig Maximilians Univ Munchen Mobile & Distributed Syst Grp Munich Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783319714707;9783319714691

Autonomous mobile robots show promising opportunities as concrete use cases of location-based services. Such robots are able to perform various tasks in buildings using a wide array of sensors to perceive their surroundings. A connected area of research which forms the basis for a deeper understanding of these perceptions is the numerical representation of visual perception of space. Different structures in buildings like rooms, hallways and doorways form different, corresponding patterns in these representations. Thanks to recent advances in the field of deep learning with neural networks, it now seems possible to explore the idea of automatically learning these recurring structures using machine learning techniques. Combining these topics will enable the creation of new and better location-based services which have a deep awareness of their surroundings. This paper presents a framework to create a data set containing 2D isovist measures calculated along geospatial trajectories that traverse a 3D simulation environment. Furthermore, we show that these isovist measures do reflect the recurring structures found in buildings and the recurring patterns are encoded in a way that unsupervised machine learning is able to identify meaningful structures like rooms, hallways and doorways. These labeled data sets can further be used for neural network based supervised learning. The models generated this way do generalize and are able to identify structures in different environments.

关键词： Location based services

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