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检索条件"丛书名=Lecture Notes in Geoinformation and Cartography"

共 1042 条记录，以下是211-220 订阅

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Methods of Using Self-organising Maps for Terrain Classification, Using an Example of Developing a Military Passability Map

Methods of Using Self-organising Maps for Terrain Classifica...

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GIS Ostrava Conference

作者： Pokonieczny, Krzysztof Mil Univ Technol Fac Civil Engn & Geodesy Warsaw Poland

ISBN: (纸本)9783319612973;9783319612966

The classification of terrain by its passability plays a significant role in the process of Intelligence Preparation of the Battlefield (IPB). In the process of developing passability maps, the classification of terrain to a specific class (GO, SLOW-GO, NO-GO). In this paper the problem of terrain classification to the respective category of passability was solved by the application of Self Organizing Maps by generating a continuous Index of Passability (IOP), which characterizes the terrain in a range from 0 (the impassable area) to 1 (the area of high manoeuvrability). The article describes the methodology of using this type of network to develop a terrain passability map. As a "case of use", three voivodeships located in the north-eastern part of Poland were selected. To prepare a training set, topographic vector data from VMap L2 and SRTM (Shuttle Radar Topography Mission) digital terrain model were used. Research was conducted on a primary grid field with dimensions 1 km x 1 km. As a result of the research conducted, normalised parameters associated with terrain cover were introduce into the neural network. As a result of the network learning, the analysed area was divided into classes, to which the index of passability (IOP) was arbitrarily subordinated. In the research results, the influence of the method of organisation of the input data on the generated maps of passability was defined. The tests were conducted on two sizes of a Kohonen map: 10 x 10 and 5 x 5 neurons. The described experiments proved that a properly taught artificial neural network is very well suited to the analysis of an area in terms of passability. The presented methodology is universal in nature and after the modification of parameters may be used to solve tasks of terrain classification associated with various subjects (division of soils, marking out areas for development, etc.).

关键词： Self organizing maps Terrain classification Index of passability Geocomputation

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Comparison of Fuzzy AHP Algorithms for Land Suitability Assessment

Comparison of Fuzzy AHP Algorithms for Land Suitability Asse...

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GIS Ostrava Conference

作者： Caha, Jan Burian, Jaroslav Mendel Univ Brno Fac Reg Dev & Int Studies Dept Reg Dev & Publ Adm Zemedelska 1 Brno 61300 Czech Republic Palacky Univ Olomouc Dept Geoinformat Fac Sci 17 Listopadu 50 Olomouc 77146 Czech Republic

ISBN: (纸本)9783319612973;9783319612966

Weighted Linear Combination (WLC) is one of the most popular methods for Multiple Criteria Decision-making (MCDM) in the field of geoinformatics. A typical utilization of WLC is in land suitability assessment and optimal location detection. The application of WLC requires the determination of weights for each criterion used in the MCDM problem. In this paper, we focus on a fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) which is based on pairwise comparisons of criterion importance and, unlike the classic (crisp) AHP, it can contain uncertainty. This allows the user to include imprecise or incomplete knowledge in an MCDM problem. The theoretical part of the paper briefly describes fuzzy AHP and provides the necessary mathematical background. The practical part of the contribution is focused on testing two algorithms for weight determination in fuzzy AHP-the extent analysis method and a method based on constrained fuzzy arithmetic. The methods are described in terms of the amount of uncertainty in the result, the resulting value, and overall appropriateness. A four level fuzzy AHP problem containing one main goal, three criteria and twenty-four subcriteria is solved as a case study using both methods. Based on the results obtained, the recommendations for fuzzy AHP utilization in spatial suitability assessment are made.

关键词： Fuzzy AHP Analytical hierarchy process Multiple criteria Decision-making Land suitability

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Probabilistic Map-Matching for Low-Frequency GPS Trajectories

Probabilistic Map-Matching for Low-Frequency GPS Trajectorie...

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GIS Ostrava Conference

作者： Kempinska, Kira Davies, Toby Shawe-Taylor, John Longley, Paul UCL Dept Secur & Crime Sci Gower St London England UCL Dept Comp Sci Gower St London England UCL Dept Geog Gower St London England

ISBN: (纸本)9783319612973;9783319612966

The ability to infer routes taken by vehicles from sparse and noisy GPS data is of crucial importance in many traffic applications. The task, known as map-matching, can be accurately approached by a popular technique known as ST-Matching. The algorithm is computationally efficient and has been shown to outperform more traditional map-matching approaches, especially on low-frequency GPS data. The major drawback of the algorithm is a lack of confidence scores associated with its outputs, which are particularly useful when GPS data quality is low. In this paper, we propose a probabilistic adaptation of ST-Matching that equips it with the ability to express map-matching certainty using probabilities. The adaptation, called probabilistic ST-Matching (PST-Matching) is inspired by similarities between ST-Matching and probabilistic approaches to map-matching based on a Hidden Markov Model. We validate the proposed algorithm on GPS trajectories of varied quality and show that it is similar to ST-Matching in terms of accuracy and computational efficiency, yet with the added benefit of having a measure of confidence associated with its outputs.

关键词： Map-matching Gps data Hidden markov model Dynamic programming

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Socioculturally Mediated Responses to Environment Shaping Universals and Diversity in Spatial Language 13th

Socioculturally Mediated Responses to Environment Shaping Un...

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13th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT)

作者： Palmer, Bill Gaby, Alice Lum, Jonathon Schlossberg, Jonathan Univ Newcastle Australia Sch Humanities & Social Sci Fac Educ & Arts Callaghan NSW 2308 Australia Monash Univ Sch Languages Literatures Cultures & Linguist Fac Arts Clayton Vic 3800 Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9783319639468;9783319639451

This paper reports on an empirical experiment-based study testing the extent to which systems of linguistic spatial reference correlate with aspects of the physical environment in which a language community lives. We investigated linguistic spatial behaviour in two unrelated languages in both similar and contrasting locations, ranging from atoll islands to urban environments, using standardised tests whose results were subject to quantitative analysis. Our findings reveal significant variation in spatial referential strategy preference in the two languages. Some preferences correlated with environment (e.g. island vs. urban). However, others correlated with degree and nature of interaction with environment, and others with linguistic resources available to speakers. The findings demonstrate that spatial behaviour reflects a complex interplay of responses to environment;sociocultural interaction with environment;and speakers' linguistic repertoire.

关键词： Spatial language Spatial frames of reference Topography Cross-cultural research Dhivehi Marshallese

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Verification of the Movement Speed on Communication Network and the Vehicle Movement Modelling Possibilities for Defence and Crisis Management

Verification of the Movement Speed on Communication Network ...

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GIS Ostrava Conference

作者： Hubacek, Martin Bures, Martin Simkova, Katerina Kratochvil, Vlastimil Univ Def Fac Mil Technol Dept Mil Geog & Meteorol Kounicova 65 Brno 66210 Czech Republic

ISBN: (纸本)9783319612973;9783319612966

The road transport is one of the basic types of moving people and material during situations of crisis. As far as it can be said the movement of vehicles is connected to the existing road network. Vehicles of military units and rescue teams must be able to move also outside communications. Knowledge of speed restrictions doe to the influence of individual landscape objects is therefore important for proper transport planning. That is the reason why part of the research is focused on monitoring of the vehicle movements on communications and on field and forest roads. To monitor the vehicles there are used GNSS receivers. Position and velocity records are then analysed according to characteristics of the communications and their surroundings. Based on previously conducted and processed measurements it is possible to demonstrate the influence of road type and curvature on the vehicle speed. Indeterminate results occurred in cases of the slope and obstacles around communications. The results and conclusions after completion of the research will help with more realistic planning of vehicle movements in situations of crisis.

关键词： Transport Vehicle movements GIS Route planning

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Correspondence Between PLCA and Maptree: Representations of a Space Configuration 13th

Correspondence Between PLCA and Maptree: Representations of ...

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13th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT)

作者： Takahashi, Kazuko Kwansei Gakuin Univ 2-1 Gakuen Sanda 6691337 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9783319639468;9783319639451

We discuss the correspondence of two qualitative spatial representations: PLCA and maptree. They can provide a topological configuration of a space with finer granularity by depicting the construction of a figure using points and lines. We define conversions between these two representations to show that they have the same granularity level of expression. We also investigate preservation of planarity on the conversions.

关键词： Qualitative sptial representation Incidence relation PLCA Maptree

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Colonialism in the Bosatlas 6th

Colonialism in the Bosatlas

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6th International Symposium of the ICA-Commission-on-the-History-of-cartography on Dissemination of Cartographic Knowledge - Production-Trade-Consumption-Preservation

作者： Ormeling, Ferjan Univ Amsterdam Amsterdam Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)9783319615158;9783319615141

For the purpose of making available scans of all maps in all 55 editions of the Bosatlas (1877-), the Dutch school atlas, on the Utrecht University Library website, all these maps are compared to each other, in order to reconstruct the editorial process. The purpose of this web service will be to allow Dutch school children to follow recent history in their own school atlas and to study, diachronically, the recent changes in particular areas. The first part of the project is to scan all 36 editions published up to World War II, and this period, 1877-1945, can be regarded as the heyday of colonialism. For this paper, the atlas is analysed from the point of view of depicting colonialism, trying to find changes in attitude in the language and the symbology used in the portrayal of colonial areas. For this analysis, the following aspects of the atlas have been researched: the sequence of the maps and the emphasis on specific areas, together constituting the atlas structure;the colouring of the atlas;naming (both the imposition of European names in the nineteenth century and the references to indigenous groups, their realms and settlements;symbolization (portrayal of settlements, boundaries) and finally the subjects mapped on thematic maps of colonial areas. The results of this analysis of the colonial portrayal will be part of the accompanying explanatory texts offered to the users of the website, together with texts on the reasons for the changes on the same map from one edition to the next.

关键词： Maps

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Computing Techniques for Spatio-Temporal Data in Archaeology and Cultural Heritage-Introduction 13th

Computing Techniques for Spatio-Temporal Data in Archaeology...

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13th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT)

作者： Belussi, Alberto Billen, Roland Hallot, Pierre Migliorini, Sara Univ Verona Dept Comp Sci Verona Italy Univ Liege Geomat Unit Liege Belgium Univ Liege Fac Architecture Liege Belgium

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The Dutch Commemorative Toponyms in the Seventeenth Century East Asia, Based on the Cartographic Works Left by the Dutch East India Company (VOC) 6th

The Dutch Commemorative Toponyms in the Seventeenth Century ...

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6th International Symposium of the ICA-Commission-on-the-History-of-cartography on Dissemination of Cartographic Knowledge - Production-Trade-Consumption-Preservation

作者： Kang, Peter Natl Donghwa Univ Dept Taiwan & Reg Studies Hualien Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9783319615158;9783319615141

The paper mainly aims at discussing the commemorative toponyms in East Asia used by the Dutch East India Company (Verenigde Oostindische Compagnie or VOC) in the seventeenth-century mainly by examining contemporary Dutch cartographic works. The VOC cartographic works include those for maritime exploration of the coastal areas and off-shore islands of China and Japan, as well as the only territorial colony of the VOC, the island of Taiwan, then being called Formosa. The paper classifies the VOC commemorative place names into those of ship names, personal names, geographical names, and the highlighted nature of certain incidents. In addition to exploring the nature of the VOC commemorative place names, the paper also concludes with the way that toponyms were displayed on VOC maps which reveals the language boundary in the south-eastern coast of China.

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Frame-Relative Constructions in the Description of Motion 13th

Frame-Relative Constructions in the Description of Motion

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13th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT)

作者： Egorova, Ekaterina Purves, Ross S. Univ Zurich Dept Geog Winterthurerstr 190 CH-8057 Zurich Switzerland Univ Zurich URPP Language & Space Freiestr 16 CH-8032 Zurich Switzerland

ISBN: (纸本)9783319639468;9783319639451

Fictive motion in language is the manifestation of our cognitive bias towards dynamism and a good example of the metaphoric nature of much of our thought and linguistic effort. This paper investigates one of its types, frame-relative constructions ("I sat in the car and watched the scenery rush by") in a corpus of alpine narratives. We report on the types of constructions found and suggest the communicative motivations behind their use, followed by the examination of the variety of their linguistic encodings. Finally, we raise the question how the nuanced concepts represented by such constructions relate to those already embedded in an existing spatial language annotation scheme.

关键词： Fictive motion Frame-relative paths Alpine corpus

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