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检索条件"丛书名=Lecture Notes in Geoinformation and Cartography"

共 1042 条记录，以下是351-360 订阅

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Beyond Pairs: Generalizing the Geo-dipole for Quantifying Spatial Patterns in Geographic Fields 20th

Beyond Pairs: Generalizing the Geo-dipole for Quantifying Sp...

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20th Conference on Geographic Information Science of the Association-of-Geographic-Information-Libraries-in-Europe (AGILE)

作者： Zhu, Rui Kyriakidis, Phaedon C. Janowicz, Krzysztof Univ Calif Santa Barbara Dept Geog STKO Lab Santa Barbara CA 93106 USA Cyprus Univ Technol Dept Civil Engn & Geomat Limassol Cyprus

ISBN: (纸本)9783319567594;9783319567587

With their increasing availability and quantity, remote sensing images have become an invaluable data source for geographic research and beyond. The detection and analysis of spatial patterns from such images and other kinds of geographic fields, constitute a core aspect of Geographic Information Science. Per-cell analysis, where one cell's characteristics are considered (geo-atom), and interaction-based analysis, where pairwise spatial relationships are considered (geo-dipole), have been widely applied to discover patterns. However, both can only characterize simple spatial patterns, such as global (overall) statistics, e.g., attribute average, variance, or pairwise auto-correlation. Such statistics alone cannot capture the full complexity of urban or natural structures embedded in geographic fields. For example, empirical (sample) correlation functions established from visually different patterns may have similar shapes, sills, and ranges. Higher-order analyses are therefore required to address this shortcoming. This work investigates the necessity and feasibility of extending the geo-dipole to a new construct, the geo-multipole, in which attribute values at multiple (more than two) locations are simultaneously considered for uncovering spatial patterns that cannot be extracted otherwise. We present experiments to illustrate the advantage of the geo-multipole over the geo-dipole in terms of quantifying spatial patterns in geographic fields. In addition, we highlight cases where two-point measures of spatial association alone are not sufficient to describe complex spatial patterns;for such cases, the geo-multipole and multiple-point (geo)statistics provide a richer analytical framework.

关键词： Spatial interaction Multiple-point (geo)statistics Geographic field analysis Spatial pattern Geo-multipole

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Balanced Allocation of Multi-criteria Geographic Areas by a Genetic Algorithm 28th

Balanced Allocation of Multi-criteria Geographic Areas by a ...

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28th International Cartographic Conference (ICC)

作者： Noorian, Shahin Sharifi Murphy, Christian E. Tech Univ Munich Chair Cartog Arcisstr 21 D-80333 Munich Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783319573366;9783319573359

The balanced partitioning of geographic space into regions is a common problem. This Territory Design Problem (TDP) of assigning smaller areas to larger regions with equal potential is a task mainly done manually. Therefore, the result becomes subjective and provides only a roughly approximated balanced result. This work presents an automated allocation of independent areas to regions using the Genetic Algorithm (GA), which finds an optimally balanced configuration of regions based on multiple criteria. Thereby, spatial constraints are fully respected as (1) all areas remain contiguous within a region and (2) the automated allocation facilitates a compact region shape. The developed algorithm was tested on a case study in the field of sales territory planning. The target of sales territory planning is the optimal distribution of balanced and fair sales areas based on market potentials. Results of our case study demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed technique to find an optimal structure of sales territories in a reasonable time. The distance that salesmen need to travel is 16% lower than the existing sales territory configuration. This means that the regions are more balanced and more compact. Due to the independent nature of the GA, this method demonstrates a high flexibility to the optimization problem. It can be easily altered to any objective in territory planning as well as to familiar multi-criteria spatial allocation problems in other disciplines.

关键词： Territory design problem Combinatorial optimization Graph partitioning Genetic algorithm

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Follow the Signs-Countering Disengagement from the Real World During City Exploration 20th

Follow the Signs-Countering Disengagement from the Real Worl...

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20th Conference on Geographic Information Science of the Association-of-Geographic-Information-Libraries-in-Europe (AGILE)

作者： Konkol, Markus Kray, Christian Ostkamp, Morin Inst Geoinformat Heisenbergstr 2 D-48149 Munster Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783319567594;9783319567587

Navigating and exploring unfamiliar urban areas are common and often challenging tasks for tourists, newcomers and other groups alike. Increasingly, people use mobile apps to get support in completing these tasks. A potential side effect of this is disengagement from the real world, i.e. not perceiving the actual environment due to constantly looking at the screen of the mobile device. This in turn can interfere with the construction of a mental map, can reduce people's awareness of their environment, and can cause high mental workload due to frequent attention shifts. In order to counteract these issues, we propose an approach to support navigation and exploration by explicitly managing attention shifts between the virtual and the physical world. It is based on the results of a survey (n = 102) investigating touristic navigation and on the Blended Spaces framework by Benyon. We describe the underlying concepts, a prototypical implementation and an initial field study evaluating it. The results provide initial evidence that the approach can successfully support navigation while also facilitating the perception of the environment.

关键词： City exploration Blended spaces Pedestrian navigation Tourism

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Reference Resolution for Pedestrian Wayfinding Systems 20th

Reference Resolution for Pedestrian Wayfinding Systems

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20th Conference on Geographic Information Science of the Association-of-Geographic-Information-Libraries-in-Europe (AGILE)

作者： Gotze, Jana Boye, Johan KTH Royal Inst Technol Stockholm Sweden

ISBN: (纸本)9783319567594;9783319567587

References to objects in our physical environment are common especially in language about wayfinding. Advanced wayfinding systems that interact with the pedestrian by means of (spoken) natural language therefore need to be able to resolve references given by pedestrians (i.e. understand what entity the pedestrian is referring to). The contribution of this paper is a probabilistic approach to reference resolution in a large-scale, real city environment, where the context changes constantly as the pedestrians are moving. The geographic situation, including information about objects' location and type, is represented using OpenStreetMap data.

关键词： Pedestrian navigation Wayfinding Data-driven methods Reference resolution Natural language processing Openstreetmap Probabilistic approach

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XY Domain: A Sound Map Artwork for Communicating Big Data Characteristics 28th

XY Domain: A Sound Map Artwork for Communicating Big Data Ch...

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28th International Cartographic Conference (ICC)

作者： Moore, Antoni B. Parallel, Charlotte Univ Otago Sch Surveying Dunedin New Zealand

ISBN: (纸本)9783319573366;9783319573359

This paper details a sound map artwork with a visual map component in order to communicate the characteristics of Big Data, namely the volume, velocity, variety and uncertainty aspects of such datasets. It represents an attempt to address a part of the current research agenda on applying cartography to the visual representation and interaction with big spatial datasets. As an artist-scientist collaboration, the research concentrates on electrical signals and humans as transducers of those signals into data. We trace the evolution of the artwork, details construction, collection of representative signal data and context, leading to its exhibition as part of an "Art and Space" theme in a gallery in Dunedin, NZ. Finally, an explanation of and reaction to, the artwork is provided. Visitors reacted positively to the artwork, which conveyed the characteristics of Big Data through a mix of tactile and embodied interaction, sound representations and visual cartographic design/spatial data choice elements.

关键词： Sound map Transduction Electricity Signals Visual map

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Hebrus Valles-The Mars Exploration Zone Map 28th

Hebrus Valles-The Mars Exploration Zone Map

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28th International Cartographic Conference (ICC)

作者： Pitura, Mateusz Univ Wroclaw Inst Geol Sci Wroclaw Dolnoslaskie Poland

ISBN: (纸本)9783319573366;9783319573359

Hebrus Valles is one of the 47 candidate Exploration Zones for the first human landing mission of NASA on Mars. The area meets specified criteria for a scientific expedition-among others, it has potential for the water and other resources necessary to perform such a mission. The aim of the project described in this paper was to attempt to create a specialized map for Mars explorers working in the field. The map of Hebrus Valles proposes locations for the landing zone, habitation zone, regions of interests, and traverses. The proposed map also contains descriptions of the geomorphological features of the landscape and warnings about surface hazards. When combined, these elements produce a surface operation map with special requirements that are unlike any map produced on Earth, perhaps the closest analog is hiking maps. This paper presents a detailed characterization of the map, as well as projecting methodology. The process of panchromatic sharpening is the most important part of mapping, mainly due to the effective fusion between a high resolution digital elevation model and a low-resolution color image. A description of tasks carried out using the cartographic tools JMARS, ArcMap and Photoshop is also included. In conclusion, this paper introduces possibilities of implementation of an interactive variant of the map and provides ideas that may be applicable for designing a cartographic system for future operations on the surface of another planet.

关键词： Mars Exploration zone Hebrus Valles Planetary map Planetary cartography

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Development of a Road Deficiency GIS Using Data from Automated Multi-sensor Systems 13th

Development of a Road Deficiency GIS Using Data from Automat...

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13th Location-Based Services (LBS) Conference

作者： Mraz, Alexander Nazef, Abdenour Palacky Univ Olomouc Olomouc Czech Republic Florida Dept Transportat Gainesville FL USA

ISBN: (纸本)9783319472898;9783319472881

Traditional survey methods have long been used in the field of highway engineering to measure the cross-slope, longitudinal grade, rut depth, and ride quality of existing roadways. However, these methods are slow, tedious, labor intensive, and almost always require partial or full lane closure resulting in traffic delays, increase in costs, and inconvenience to the traveling public. Advances in inertial sensor and inertial navigation technologies have allowed their implementation as state-of-the-art mobile data collection systems. The Florida Department of Transportation (FDOT) operates two mobile data collection systems referred to as Multi-Purpose Survey Vehicles (MPSVs). They collect pavement data including but not limited to cross-slope, longitudinal grade, and wheel-paths' rut depth at typical highway speeds. The MPSVs are equipped with a position and orientation system (POS) coupled with an inertial profiler unit. The core of the POS consists of a tightly-coupled Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) and a Differential Global Positioning System (DGPS). This paper presents a methodology for the development of an Automated Roadway Deficiency Information System using Geographical Information System (GIS) software to map areas prone to hydroplaning. The functionality of the developed information system was tested on a pilot project using MPSV collected data. Highway agencies can successfully implement this methodology to complement and enhance their existing safety and pavement management programs.

关键词： Transportation Multi-sensor data collection system GIS Hydroplaning Safety

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Analysis and Visualization of the Urban Residents' Income-Related Happiness Index in China 28th

Analysis and Visualization of the Urban Residents' Income-Re...

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28th International Cartographic Conference (ICC)

作者： Song, Ying Yu, Yang Liu, Yanfang Liu, Zixi Li, Qianyi Xu, Guoguang Wuhan Univ Sch Resource & Environm Sci Wuhan Hubei Peoples R China Wuhan Univ Minist Educ Key Lab Geog Informat Syst Wuhan Hubei Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9783319573366;9783319573359

Using the Theil index and correlation analysis, this paper analyzed the Urban Residents' Income-Related Happiness Index from multiple perspectives, including the current situation, regional disparities, spatial-temporal variations, and the mutual relationships of the indicators based on data from 289 prefecture-level cities in China from 2006 to 2015. The results indicated the following: (1) Overall, the Urban Residents' Income-Related Happiness Index in China was lower in 2015 and was unevenly spread across space. Several cities with higher Income-Related Happiness Index were primarily situated in the southwest region;(2) The within-province disparities were higher than the between-province disparities;(3) For the past 10 years, the Urban Residents' Income-Related Happiness Index has exhibited an overall downward trend, and the cities that had slight increases in their Income-Related Happiness Index were primarily situated in North China;and (4) The correlation between the Urban Residents' Income-Related Happiness Index and the per capita gross regional product is not significantly positive. Most cities in China can be categorized into three types: strong happiness-small economic development, weak happiness-large economic development, and weak happiness-small economic development scales. In addition, this study visualized the index analysis results. All of these results are expressed using different maps.

关键词： Urban Residents' Income-Related Happiness Index Analysis and visualization Regional disparities Spatial-temporal variations Indicator correlations

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SubwayAPPS: Using Smartphone Barometers for Positioning in Underground Transportation Environments 13th

SubwayAPPS: Using Smartphone Barometers for Positioning in U...

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13th Location-Based Services (LBS) Conference

作者： van Erum, Kris Schoning, Johannes Hasselt Univ Hasselt Belgium

ISBN: (纸本)9783319472898;9783319472881

Location information that is crucial for all location-based services is almost always available due to a number of different positioning techniques and technologies such as GPS and WiFi positioning. However, positioning technologies cannot provide sufficient position information when a user is underground, e. g. travelling with a car through a tunnel or on subways on an underground public transportation network. While there have been a number of attempts to utilize expensive infrastructure and smartphone sensors to address this situation, all of these techniques are either limited in scope, very expensive, or somewhat limited in accuracy. In this paper, we present a novel smartphone-based approach called SubwayAPPS (Subway Air Pressure Positioning System) that for the first time utilizes relative air pressure changes as detected by smartphone barometers to position a user. We first demonstrate the feasibility of this approach by comparing the depth characteristics of five major underground transportation networks across the globe and show that our novel approach is feasible for positioning users while they are underground in these networks. Second, we showwith two user tests in Brussels and London that our lightweight approach works well as other more complex techniques, e. g. techniques that rely on pattern matching using the build-in accelerometers or gyroscopes, under realistic conditions.

关键词： Smartphones

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Reproducible cartography 28th

Reproducible Cartography

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28th International Cartographic Conference (ICC)

作者： Giraud, Timothee Lambert, Nicolas CNRS RIATE Unite Mixte Serv Paris France

ISBN: (纸本)9783319573366;9783319573359

This paper deals with the production of statistical maps as part of the wider reproducible research paradigm. The current and most widespread ways to produce statistical maps combine several software products in a complex toolchain that use a range of data and file formats. This software and diversity of formats makes it difficult to reproduce the same analysis and maps. The aim of this paper is to put forward a unified workflow that allows map production in a reproducible process. We suggest hereby the cartography package, an extension of the R software, that fills the need of specific thematic mapping solutions.

关键词： Reproducibility Open-source R Statistical cartography Map workflow

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