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检索条件"丛书名=Lecture Notes in Geoinformation and Cartography"

共 1042 条记录，以下是421-430 订阅

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Learning On-Street Parking Maps from Position Information of Parked Vehicles 19th

Learning On-Street Parking Maps from Position Information of...

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19th AGILE Conference on Geographic Information Science

作者： Bock, Fabian Liu, Jiaqi Sester, Monika Leibniz Univ Hannover Inst Cartog & Geoinformat Hannover Germany Rice Univ Dept Elect & Comp Engn POB 1892 Houston TX 77251 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9783319337838

Many drives in crowded cities end with a challenging parking search, and visitors often do not know which streets allow on-street parking. Therefore, we present a learning-based approach to automatically generate on-street parking maps from parked vehicle positions detected by sensing vehicles. Multiple sets of features are proposed to describe the occupancy of every small road segment and its surroundings at different time instances. The usage of k-means algorithm as unsupervised learning and random forests as supervised learning are compared by applying these feature sets. The proposed approach is evaluated with repeated LiDAR measurements on more than five kilometers of potential parking space length. Our approaches, while keeping the model more generic, reveal slightly better results than an approach from literature. In particular, the unsupervised approach does not need a training data set and is free of any area specific parameter choice.

关键词： Map generation Parking management Crowd-sensing Machine learning

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Modelling Spatial Patterns of Outdoor Physical Activities Using Mobile Sports Tracking Application Data 19th

Modelling Spatial Patterns of Outdoor Physical Activities Us...

引用

19th AGILE Conference on Geographic Information Science

作者： Sileryte, Rusne Nourian, Pirouz van der Spek, Stefan Delft Univ Technol Fac Architecture & Built Environm Delft Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)9783319337838

The paper presents a workflow for collecting, structuring and processing geo-referenced recreational mobility data from a sports tracking application as to monitor recreational usage of urban spaces. The data collected include GPS trajectories of people walking, jogging, and running for recreational purposes in European cities. The presented workflow includes systematic steps for aggregating the trajectories and attributing them to a spatial network model called Urban Space Network. The nodes of this network are the navigable spaces or streets and its links are the connections between them. A method is proposed to find a fuzzy notion of recreational space usage, using the number of distinct application users whose trajectories have been accounted for the space in question. The fuzzified space usage values are then attributed to the nodes of the network. This model can be primarily used to observe actual patterns of space usage and has the potential to be used as 'ground truth data' for validating and calibrating network-based models of recreational mobility. Patterns revealed by the workflow can be used to study where outdoor physically active mobility happens and where it is absent. Thus the proposed workflow can provide spatial and objective insight useful in planning, management and governance of cities in promoting active mobility that is already a rather global trend in urbanism.

关键词： Mobile sports tracking application data Mobility data Urban space network Recreational usage

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Question-Based Spatial Computing-A Case Study 19th

Question-Based Spatial Computing-A Case Study

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19th AGILE Conference on Geographic Information Science

作者： Vahedi, Behzad Kuhn, Werner Ballatore, Andrea Univ Calif Santa Barbara Dept Geog Ctr Spatial Studies Santa Barbara CA 93106 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9783319337838

Geographic Information Systems (GIS) support spatial problem solving by large repositories of procedures, which aremainly operating onmap layers. These procedures and their parameters are often not easy to understand and use, especially not for domain experts without extensive GIS training. This hinders a wider adoption of mapping and spatial analysis across disciplines. Building on the idea of core concepts of spatial information, and further developing the language for spatial computing based on them, we introduce an alternative approach to spatial analysis, based on the idea that users should be able to ask questions about the environment, rather than finding and executing procedures on map layers. We define such questions in terms of the core concepts of spatial information, and use data abstraction instead of procedural abstraction to structure command spaces for application programmers (and ultimately for end users). We sketch an implementation in Python that enables application programmers to dispatch computations to existing GIS capabilities. The gains in usability and conceptual clarity are illustrated through a case study from economics, comparing a traditional procedural solution with our declarative approach. The case study shows a reduction of computational steps by around 45 %, as well as smaller and better organized command spaces.

关键词： Spatial computing Core concepts Question based analysis Abstract data types

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Geo-Privacy Beyond Coordinates 19th

Geo-Privacy Beyond Coordinates

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19th AGILE Conference on Geographic Information Science

作者： McKenzie, Grant Janowicz, Krzysztof Seidl, Dara Univ Calif Santa Barbara Dept Geog STKO Lab Santa Barbara CA 93106 USA San Diego State Univ Dept Geog San Diego CA 92182 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9783319337838

The desire to share one's location with friends and family or to use location information for navigation and recommendations services is often overshadowed by the need to preserve privacy. As recent progress in big data analytics, ambient intelligence, and conflation techniques is metwith the economy's growing hunger for data, even formerly negligible digital footprints become revealing of our activities. The majority of established geo-privacy research tries to protect an individual's location by different masking or perturbation techniques or by suppressing and generalizing an individual's characteristics to a degree where she cannot be singled out from a crowd. In this work we demonstrate that location privacy may already be compromised before these techniques take effect. More concretely, we discuss how everyday digital footprints such as timestamps, geosocial check-ins, and short social media messages, e.g., tweets, are indicative of the user's location. We focus particularly on places and highlight how protecting place-based information differs from a purely spatial perspective. The presented research is based on so-called semantic signatures that are mined from millions of geosocial check-ins and enable a probabilistic framework on the level of geographic feature types, here Points Of Interest (POI). While our work is compatible with leading privacy techniques, we take a usercentric perspective and illustrate how privacy-enabled services could guide the users by increasing information entropy.

关键词： Privacy Place Semantic signature Location Geosocial

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Ideological Changes in Ethnic Atlas Mapping of East Central Europe During the Twentieth Century 5th

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5th International Symposium of the ICA Commission on the History of cartography

作者： Greulich, Marcus Passau Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783319252445;9783319252421

Ethnic mapping after World War I underwent changes which are not only reflected by a shift of perspective, but eventually also by ideological alterations which strongly affected contested territories, e.g. the new border regions between Germany and Poland. All German and international map depictions prior to World War I display a homogeneous view which is consistent throughout. After 1919 a multitude of new states in Eastern Europe led to many new borders as well as minority areas. Earlier factual mapping was now put in the throes of the political zeitgeist. At first this produced deviations which swerved a neutral viewpoint but which still relied on a factual basis, but later on contained more and more ideologically distorted falsifications, the legitimacy of which primarily during the national socialist period was clearly based on political objectives or even wishful thinking. Although these changes in German cartography occurred sporadically during World War I, they were not commonplace as yet. They emerged more commonly after the Great War, spread throughout most of the cartographic trade during the later 1920s, and became ubiquitous around 1930. It is clear that this development was indubitably no Nazi creation;after 1933 it merely increased rapidly and left a clear impact upon international cartography-an influence which still holds some sway upon early twenty- first century cartography.

关键词： Mapping

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GeoPipes Using GeoMQTT 19th

GeoPipes Using GeoMQTT

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19th AGILE Conference on Geographic Information Science

作者： Herle, Stefan Blankenbach, Joerg Rhein Westfal TH Aachen Geodet Inst Aachen Germany Rhein Westfal TH Aachen Chair Comp Civil Engn & Geo Informat Syst Aachen Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783319337838

The integration of common OpenGIS Web Services (OWS) into the Internet of Things and Service (IoTS) paradigm is a difficult task since they are based on HTTP with all its weak points. E.g. coupling small sensing devices or real-time processes with these services takes an enormous effort due to the different domain requirements. This paper focuses on extending existing geo web services with a push-based messaging mechanism to overcome their major drawbacks. We introduce the concept of GeoPipes and an exemplary implementation of them using the GeoMQTT protocol. The latter one is an extension of the MQTT protocol which is presented in this paper. Application examples show that with this concept a lot of technological issues can be solved easier.

关键词： Spatio-temporal publish/ subscribe IoT Web services Sensor web Event processing

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Presenting Citizen Engagement Opportunities Online: The Relevancy of Spatial Visualization 19th

Presenting Citizen Engagement Opportunities Online: The Rele...

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19th AGILE Conference on Geographic Information Science

作者： Fechner, Thore Kray, Christian WWU Munster Inst Geoinformat Heisenbergstr 2 D-48149 Munster Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783319337838

Public administrations and cities increasingly use modern information and communication technologies to enhance their processes and services. As the fabric of cities becomes more complex, and collaboration and participation are emphasized, citizens thus need to be empowered to find available engagement opportunities and citizens need to identify those that they want to engagewith. We report on the use of an online information platform that offered citizen engagement opportunities in a traditional textual form and via an interactive geo-visualization. The platform was deployed in a real-world study and integral component in a campaign to raise volunteer engagement in a medium-sized German city. We first introduce our approach to letting citizens explore engagement opportunities and follow up with an analysis of how people used the platform. Subsequently, evidence is presented and discussed that spatial visualization and interaction is relevant for informing citizens online. Since we released the information platform as open source, others can easily benefit from our insights.

关键词： Geo-visualizations Maps Citizen engagement

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Feature-Aware Surface Interpolation of Rooftops Using Low-Density Lidar Data for Photovoltaic Applications 19th

Feature-Aware Surface Interpolation of Rooftops Using Low-De...

引用

19th AGILE Conference on Geographic Information Science

作者： Buffat, Rene Swiss Fed Inst Technol Inst Cartog & Geoinformat Stefano Franscini Pl 5 CH-8093 Zurich Switzerland

ISBN: (纸本)9783319337838

Digital surface models (DSM) are used to estimate the solar irradiation on rooftops. Estimates are more accurate when the precise geometrical characteristics of roofs are well represented in the DSM. The existing DSM covering Switzerland has a low accuracy for buildings. It was derived from a low density Lidar dataset with an average point density of 0.5 points per square meter. In this paper, we present a method to interpolate a DSM frompoint cloud data focusing on geometricmodelling of rooftops. The method uses a combination of robustly fitted planes to local point clouds and inverse distance weighting interpolation. It was applied to roughly 3 million buildings, and compared to a reference DSM from a high density point cloud, which revealed a significant reduction of error compared to the existing DSM.

关键词： Lidar Digital surface model Interpolation RANSAC

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Inferring Complex Geographical Concepts with Implicit Geometries Using Ontologies: A Case of Peninsulas 19th

Inferring Complex Geographical Concepts with Implicit Geomet...

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19th AGILE Conference on Geographic Information Science

作者： Zhang, Xiang Ai, Tinghua Stoter, Jantien Wuhan Univ Sch Resource & Environm Sci Wuhan Hubei Peoples R China Minist Educ Key Lab Geog Informat Syst Wuhan Hubei Peoples R China Natl Adm Surveying Mapping & Geoinformat Key Lab Digital Mapping & Land Informat Applicat Wuhan Hubei Peoples R China Delft Univ Technol Fac Architecture & Built Environm GeoInformat 3D Delft Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)9783319337838

Ontology-driven concept inference has the merit of high flexibility and transparency. Users can composite and reuse atomic primitive concepts and relationship to interpret complex geographical concept without the need to retouch or even know the technical details. The major issue that we are focusing on is the implicit geometry problem. That is, the geometries corresponding to some primitive concept defining the complex geographic concept are missing or not fully represented in a spatial database, making it impossible to inferring the high-level semantics of the objects. This paper combines terminological/assertional inference (for general logic reasoning) and spatial operations (for making implicit geometries explicit), therefore enabling an ontology-driven inference of complex concepts that can handle cases where some concept has no explicit geometries. In the end, the concept of peninsula is used to demonstrate the proposed methodology.

关键词： Part-whole relations Hierarchical structure Terminological reasoning Implicit semantics Delaunay triangulation

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Partisan Cartographers During the Kansas-Missouri Border War, 1854-1861 5th

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5th International Symposium of the ICA Commission on the History of cartography

作者： Cook, Karen Severud Univ Kansas Lawrence KS 66045 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9783319252445;9783319252421

A precursor to the American Civil War erupted in Kansas in 1854 after the U.S. Congress gave homesteaders in the Kansas Territory, newly opened for settlement, the right to vote whether Kansas would be a free or slave-holding state. Conflict between settlers from adjoining slave-holding Missouri and anti-slavery settlers from New England resulted in the guerrilla-style Kansas-Missouri Border War, 1854-1861. At the same time, the Territory was being surveyed and mapped for settlement according to the Public Land Survey System. Surviving documents reveal how political views and cartographic activities mingled in the lives of three surveyors active in Douglas County, the site of both Lecompton, the early pro-slavery capital of Kansas, and Lawrence, the Free-State headquarters. While surveying and mapping the Kansas Territory, Albert Dwight Searl, Isaac Cooper Stuck, and John Brown not only promoted its settlement but also put their lives on the line in opposition to slavery.

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