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检索条件"丛书名=Lecture Notes in Geoinformation and Cartography"

共 1042 条记录，以下是51-60 订阅

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Evaluating the Effectiveness of Projection Techniques for the Semantic Segmentation of LIDAR-Captured Point Clouds 3rd

Evaluating the Effectiveness of Projection Techniques for th...

引用

3rd International Conference on Geospatial Information Sciences (iGISc)

作者： Hernandez Valencia, Miguel Angel Carlos, Hugo Aranda, Ramon Ctr Invest Ciencias Informac Geoespacial Ciudad De Mexico Mexico Ctr Invest Ciencias Informac Geoespacial Unidad Yucatan Merida Mexico Consejo Nacl Huma Ciencias & Tecnol CONAHCYT Mexico City DF Mexico Ctr Invest Matemat Unidad Merida Merida Mexico

ISBN: (纸本)9783031614422;9783031614408;9783031614392

This research evaluates the effectiveness of orthogonal, multi-view, and spherical projection techniques in the semantic segmentation of LIDAR-captured point clouds. Using U-Net, a deep learning architecture originally designed for biomedical image segmentation, the study processed 2D projections of point clouds to generate segmented images. Post-segmentation, label spreading was employed to map these labels back to the 3D point cloud. The orthogonal projection emerged as the most proficient, achieving an overall accuracy of 92% and a mean IoU of 49.69%. Multi-view projection, capturing occluded surfaces, registered slightly lower metrics, while spherical projection lagged with 82% accuracy due to inherent data warping. The findings underscore the pivotal role of projection techniques and U-Net in point cloud segmentation, suggesting orthogonal projection as the optimal approach for the most applications.

关键词： Semantic Segmentation

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A Hierarchy of Levels of Detail for 3D Utility Network Models

A Hierarchy of Levels of Detail for 3D Utility Network Model...

引用

18th International 3D GeoInfo Conference

作者： Chen, Zihan Pouliot, Jacynthe Hubert, Frederic Univ Laval Dept Geomat Sci Quebec City PQ Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9783031437014;9783031436994;9783031436987

The paper presents a new hierarchy of multiple levels of detail (LoD) designed for the modeling of underground utility networks. The hierarchy of LoDs is applied to water management possible scenarios in the context of determining the aging of distribution networks. The hierarchy of LoDs proposes four levels, two sublevels, and three quality levels. The various LoDs are defined based on the dimension of the space and the geometric primitives, the topology, the semantic aspects, the contextual information, and the data quality (regarding 3D data collecting). It is believed that this number of levels is sufficient and appropriate to cover the modeling of underground utility networks suitable for various applications and consequently will help increase the use of 3D UUN models and their sharing.

关键词： Level of detail Underground utility network 3D modeling Hierarchy LoD

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Shadowing Calculation on Urban Areas from Semantic 3D City Models

Shadowing Calculation on Urban Areas from Semantic 3D City M...

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18th International 3D GeoInfo Conference

作者： Xu, Longxiang Leon-Sanchez, Camilo Agugiaro, Giorgio Stoter, Jantien Delft Univ Technol Delft Netherlands Delft Univ Technol Fac Architecture & Built Environm Dept Urbanism 3D Geoinformat Grp Julianalaan 134 NL-2628 BL Delft Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)9783031437014;9783031436994;9783031436987

Nowadays, our society is in the transit to adopt more sustainable energy sources to reduce our impact on the environment;one alternative is solar energy. However, this is highly affected by the surroundings, which might cause shadowing effects. In this paper, we present our method to perform shadowing calculations in urban areas using semantic 3D city models, which is split into five sections: Point Grid Generation, Sun-Ray Generation, Nightside Filtering, Bounding Volume Hierarchy and the intersection between the sun rays and the BVH to identify which locations are shadowed at a given moment (epoch). Our tests are performed in Rotterdam's city center, a dense urban area in The Netherlands. Our initial results indicate that the computational time per 100 k grid points fluctuates within 0.2-0.7s.

关键词： Solar potential 3DCM Shadows analysis Raytracing

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3D Data Mapping with Augmented Reality

3D Data Mapping with Augmented Reality

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18th International 3D GeoInfo Conference

作者： Lee, Ming-Chun Univ N Carolina David R Ravin Sch Architecture 9201 Univ City Blvd Charlotte NC 28223 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9783031437014;9783031436994;9783031436987

This paper discusses two experimental Augmented Reality (AR) projects conducted by collaboration between the University of North Carolina at Charlotte and the Levine Museum of the New South in the City of Charlotte, USA between 2018 and 2021. These projects employ 2D mapping, 3D procedural modeling, and marker-based mobile AR techniques for data visualization focused on social and economic issues in Charlotte on a neighborhood scale. AR offers an interactive method to expand visualization capabilities in GIS. These projects show that mobile AR applications can support local community events that are aimed at expanding overall public participation with a goal of increasing awareness of neighborhood changes over time through 3D data visualization. Surveys from the demonstration events show that a majority of event participants learned new information about the demographic and economic changes over the past two decades in their communities through the AR experiences with 3D data mapping.

关键词： 3D Geovisualization Augmented reality Immersive technology Data visualization Procedural modeling

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Integrating Dynamic Data with 3D City Models via CityJSON Extension

Integrating Dynamic Data with 3D City Models via CityJSON Ex...

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18th International 3D GeoInfo Conference

作者： Boumhidi, Khawla Nys, Gilles-Antoine Hajji, Rafika Hassan II Inst Agron & Vet Med Coll Geomat Sci & Surveying Engn Rabat 6202 Morocco Univ Liege Geomat Unit August 20 Sq 7B-4000 Liege Belgium

ISBN: (纸本)9783031437014;9783031436994;9783031436987

Semantic 3D city models have been widely used to solve problems that affect the human-built environment. Due to the complexity of the city and its dynamic aspect, these models should allow studying the evolution of a phenomena in real time. Therefore, 3D city models are evolving towards Digital Twin of cities to allow handling the dynamic aspect of the city. For instance, such evolution requires real-time data to be collected using Internet of Things devices (IoT). This kind of dynamic data requires specific tools that should allow its particular exploitation and manipulation. To model the urban environment, CityGML and CityJSON for instance, as international 3D standards, allow creating, storing and exchanging 3D city models in an interoperable way. This paper aims to propose and implement a methodology for integrating real-time data in a city model by using the "Dynamizer" extension of CityGML based on CityJSON. We then have developed a web interface plugin to handle IoT data and their interactive visualization as a first step for future simulations. This solution allows the understanding of the 3Dcity model encoded with JSON, also the simplification and the easy comprehension of the Dynamizer extension compared to the CityGML solution which is difficult to decipher. The solution also makes it possible to establish the connection between the physical entities and their digital twins, to followthe evolution of their real characteristics over time, to represent them, analyze them and take the appropriate decision to preserve the components of the territory, to manage it correctly and ensure its resilience and sustainability.

关键词： CityJSON CityGML Dynamizers Sensors IoT Web architecture

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Digital Twins: Simulating Robot-Human Sidewalk Interactions

Digital Twins: Simulating Robot-Human Sidewalk Interactions

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18th International 3D GeoInfo Conference

作者： Hassan, Ali Usman, Muhammad Kremer, Melissa Yang, Seungho Luubert, Michael Faloutsos, Petros Hall, G. Brent Sohn, Gunho York Univ Dept Earth & Space Sci Engn Toronto ON M3J 1P3 Canada King Fahd Univ Petr & Minerals Dept Informat & Comp Sci Dhahran 31261 Saudi Arabia York Univ Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci Toronto ON M3J 1P3 Canada Hanbat Natl Univ Dept Urban Engn Daejeon South Korea Esri Canada 900-12 Concorde Pl 4700 Toronto ON M3C 3R8 Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9783031437014;9783031436994;9783031436987

This paper investigates the interactions between sidewalk delivery robots and pedestrians in urban settings to evaluate pedestrian safety and robot efficiency in shared spaces. We developed a 3D digital twin environment model that allows realistic simulation of robot-human and robot-cityscape interactions, adopting the Pedestrian Aware Model (PAM) to ensure effective and safe navigation. Using an agent-based modeling approach, we analyze various scenarios involving pedestrians, wheelchair users, and robots sharing sidewalk spaces. Our findings reveal that robots do not inherently contribute to sidewalk congestion and can be programmed to maintain a buffer zone that allows for both safety and efficiency, suggesting their potential for smooth coexistence with pedestrians. We observed that robots caused most collisions, while pedestrians were primarily responsible for proximity violations of minimum distance thresholds, emphasizing the need for further research and strategies to reduce further the risks associated with these incidents. The results suggest that with careful design-oriented planning and continued research, robots can safely and comfortably share sidewalks with pedestrians, contributing to a more harmonious and efficient urban landscape. Our proposed simulation model can assist urban planners, policymakers, and researchers in evaluating the influence of various design interventions and policies on human-robot coexistence in cities, marking a crucial step toward accommodating both humans and robots in urban spaces.

关键词： Digital twin Pedestrian behaviour Sidewalk autonomous delivery robots Human-robot interaction

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Solid Waste in the Virtual World: A Digital Twinning Approach for Waste Collection Planning

Solid Waste in the Virtual World: A Digital Twinning Approac...

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18th International 3D GeoInfo Conference

作者： Cardenas, Ivan Koeva, Mila Davey, Calayde Nourian, Pirouz Univ Twente Fac Geoinformat Sci & Earth Observat Enschede Netherlands Univ Pretoria Tshwane South Africa

ISBN: (纸本)9783031437014;9783031436994;9783031436987

Solid waste (SW) management is a crucial challenge for urban sustainability. With global waste generation exceeding two billion metric tons every year, it poses various negative impacts, including health risks and environmental contamination. Despite not being a primary SDG, addressing SW management is essential for achieving several goals, as it relates to 12 out of 17 SDGs. South Africa, in particular, struggles with issues as large generation, and inadequate waste collection services. To address these challenges, a dynamic model incorporating real-time monitoring, optimized collection routes, and citizen participation is proposed. This study case involves a real-time citizen engagement method to locate, identify, and visualize SW containers and littering sites via open-source tool called Epicollect5 based on geospatial information. This can be considered as a first step towards a Digital Twin for SW management. In a three-day data collection campaign, a total of 1270 containers and 820 littering sites were identified. The result show inadequate distribution of containers in public spaces, highlighting the need for citizen involvement in reporting container information to achieve a comprehensive understanding of their distribution. Additionally, the concentration of litter reports in peripheral park areas emphasizes the importance of providing well-distributed containers and prompt maintenance. The inclusion of photographs in reports helps identify areas requiring immediate attention, while citizen participation mitigates challenges associated with location accuracy and resource requirements. Digital twinning, multi-stakeholder engagement, and citizen participation provide insights into waste container distribution and combating illegal dumping. This approach benefits lower-income countries with limited resources, improving SW management practices.

关键词： Solid waste Digital twins Citizen participation South Africa

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Enhancing Realism in Urban Simulations: A Mapping Framework for the German National Standard XPlanung and CityGML

Enhancing Realism in Urban Simulations: A Mapping Framework ...

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18th International 3D GeoInfo Conference

作者： Zahid, Hamza Hijazi, Ihab Donaubauer, Andreas Kolbe, Thomas H. Tech Univ Munich Geoinformat Arcisstr 21 Munich Germany An Najah Natl Univ Urban Planning Engn Dept Nablus Palestine

ISBN: (纸本)9783031437014;9783031436994;9783031436987

3D spatial data are widely used to simulate various urbanistic phenomena, thanks to their valuable semantic, geometric, and topologic information. CityGML is a highly adopted data standard for semantic 3D city models, providing a standardized description of the cityscape that enables interoperability across different stakeholders. When future scenarios for urban development are simulated, the simulation results can be visualized and further analyzed in synthetically generated 3D city models. However, land use and constructability regulations are often overlooked when generating synthetic 3D city models for simulation purposes, despite some regulatory urban constraints having a direct impact on simulation results. For instance, the roof shape is highly correlated with building solar energy potential, while the zoning maximum allowed number of apartments directly influences the buildings' urban density estimation. Therefore, integrating such constructability knowledge within 3D city models is crucial. This paper proposes a framework for mapping urban planning rules defined in the German XPlanung standard onto 3D city models structured in compliance with CityGML to ensure legislative validity and real-life applicability. We review related work, discuss the structure of CityGML and the main elements concerned by urbanistic laws, explain the main concepts of XPlanung, and investigate the mapping of regulatory information with CityGML entities.

关键词： CityGML XPlanung Urban simulation 3D city model Urban regulations

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Transferring Facade Labels Between Point Clouds with Semantic Octrees While Considering Change Detection

Transferring Facade Labels Between Point Clouds with Semanti...

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18th International 3D GeoInfo Conference

作者： Schwarz, Sophia Pilz, Tanja Wysocki, Olaf Hoegner, Ludwig Stilla, Uwe TUM TUM Sch Engn & Design Photogrammetry & Remote Sensing Munich Germany Univ Appl Sci HM Dept Geoinformat Munich Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783031437014;9783031436994;9783031436987

Point clouds and high-resolution 3D data have become increasingly important in various fields, including surveying, construction, and virtual reality. However, simply having this data is not enough;to extract useful information, semantic labeling is crucial. In this context, we propose a method to transfer annotations from a labeled to an unlabeled point cloud using an octree structure. The structure also analyses changes between the point clouds. Our experiments confirm that our method effectively transfers annotations while addressing changes. The primary contribution of this project is the development of the method for automatic label transfer between two different point clouds that represent the same real-world object. The proposed method can be of great importance for data-driven deep learning algorithms as it can also allow circumventing stochastic transfer learning by deterministic label transfer between datasets depicting the same objects.

关键词： Octree Semantic information Change detection Urban point clouds Label transferring

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Creating a 3D Multi-Dataset Bubble in Support of OGC Testbed-19 and Metaverse Standards Prototypes

Creating a 3D Multi-Dataset Bubble in Support of OGC Testbed...

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18th International 3D GeoInfo Conference

作者： Clarke, James Smyth, Steve Smith, Rob Morley, Jeremy Ordnance Survey Southampton SO16 0AS Hants England OpenSitePlan Kirkland WA 98033 USA Away Team Software Crowthorne RG45 7AW Berks England

ISBN: (纸本)9783031437014;9783031436994;9783031436987

Open Geospatial Consortium Testbeds are an annual research and development initiative that explore geospatial technology. For Testbed-19 we generate a multipurpose 3D dataset in support of the development of Augmented Reality/Metaverse architectures and infrastructure prototypes: Road Hazard Monitoring, Mixed Euclidean and Minkowski GeoPose Graphs, and GeoPose Graphs in a Minkowski Bubble. The dataset comprises: LiDAR capture, position and orientation, video/imagery from a survey vehicle, drone imagery, static camera and GoPro imagery, and derived data. This is extended by a simulated orbiting platform with high-resolution sensor. Our coverage is a bubble of radius 256 m, centered near the Ordnance Survey headquarters in Southampton, UK. The data is published in an open-source repository to support OGC projects, and a prototype of parts of the Ride Hailing use case of the Metaverse Standards Forum-Real/Virtual World Integration Domain Working Group. Open availability of this standard dataset will enable independent testing and benchmarking of architectures and algorithms for a variety of mobile applications.

关键词： OGC GeoPose Open-source datasets 3D data

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