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检索条件"丛书名=Lecture Notes in Geoinformation and Cartography"

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Out-of-Core Visualization of Classified 3D Point Clouds 9th

Out-of-Core Visualization of Classified 3D Point Clouds

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Conference on 3D geoinformation Science (3D GeoInfo)

作者： Richter, Rico Discher, Soeren Doellner, Juergen Univ Potsdam Hasso Plattner Inst Potsdam Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783319121819;9783319121802

3D point clouds represent an essential category of geodata used in a variety of geoinformation applications and systems. We present a novel, interactive out-of-core rendering technique for massive 3D point clouds based on a layered, multi-resolution kd-tree, whereby point-based rendering techniques are selected according to each point's classification (e.g., vegetation, buildings, terrain). The classification-dependent rendering leads to an improved visual representation, enhances recognition of objects within 3D point cloud depictions, and facilitates visual filtering and highlighting. To interactively explore objects, structures, and relations represented by 3D point clouds, our technique provides efficient means for an instantaneous, ad hoc visualization compared to approaches that visualize 3D point clouds by deriving mesh-based 3D models. We have evaluated our approach for massive laser scan datasets of urban areas. The results show the scalability of the technique and how different configurations allow for designing task and domain-specific analysis and inspection tools.

关键词： 3D point clouds LiDAR Visualization Point-based rendering

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Application of the Inertial Navigation System 3D-Self-Calibration-Method for the Minimization of the Measurement Uncertainty 11th

Application of the Inertial Navigation System 3D-Self-Calibr...

引用

11th International Symposium on Location Based Services

作者： Koeppe, Enrico Augustin, Daniel Wilk, Tabea Subaric-Leitis, Andreas Liers, Achim Schiller, Jochen BAM Fed Inst Mat Res & Testing Berlin Germany FU Berlin Dept Math & Comp Sci Berlin Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783319118796;9783319118789

For the accuracy of inertial navigation systems for indoor localization it is important to get high quality sensor data of the multi-sensor system. This can be realized using high quality sensors or the developed 3D-self-calibration-method for low cost sensors. Based on the calibration procedure of the accelerometer (ACC) and the magnetic field sensor (MAG), the additional integration of the gyroscope (GYRO) leads to a reduction of the indoor positioning error. This improves both the approximation for the accelerometer, the magnetic field sensor and the gyroscope so that the standard deviation of a single sensor is minimized. There are errors in the whole system. To determine these error sources it is important to define the measurement uncertainty. In this paper it is presented that the measurement uncertainty can be reduced by the application of the developed 3D-self-calibration method.

关键词： 3D sensor 3D calibration method Indoor localization Measurement uncertainty

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Voluminator-Approximating the Volume of 3D Buildings to Overcome Topological Errors 18th

Voluminator-Approximating the Volume of 3D Buildings to Over...

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18th Association-of-Geographic-Information-Laboratories-for-Europe Conference on Geographic Information Science (AGILE)

作者： Steuer, Horst Machl, Thomas Sindram, Maximilian Liebel, Lukas Kolbe, Thomas H. Tech Univ Munich Munich Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783319167879;9783319167862

Many research fields analysing urban space depend on 3D city models. However, 3D city models still are often of a low geometric quality. Due to topological errors it is not possible to compute volumetric information for many buildings in real world datasets using analytical approaches. Since this volumetric information is important for many applications we present a method to approximate the volume of building models overcoming topological errors. The method is based on a voxelisation and a generalisation of the point-in-polygon test to three dimensions. We show in extensive tests that the method produces accurate results and is able to cope with different types of errors. Beyond the computation of volumes, the proposed approach potentially has a high impact for numerous applications like healing of building models, indoor routing or model transformation.

关键词： Building models Topological errors Approximation Voxelisation Robust algorithm

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Effect of DEM Inaccuracy on Precision of Satellite InSAR Results

Effect of DEM Inaccuracy on Precision of Satellite InSAR Res...

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GIS Ostrava Compilation Surface Models for Geosciences.

作者： Lazecky, Milan Bakon, Matus Hlavacova, Ivana VSB TUO IT4Innovat 17 Listopadu 15 Ostrava 70833 Czech Republic Slovak Univ Technol Bratislava Bratislava 81368 Slovakia CVUT Prague Prague 16629 6 Czech Republic UTAD Vila Real P-5000081 Vila Real Portugal

ISBN: (纸本)9783319184074;9783319184067

This short paper summarizes the effects of DEM errors influencing precision of deformation monitoring results using satellite SAR interferometry and presents basic mathematical approaches to quantify DEM accuracy needed for proper estimation of SAR interferometry parameters. While in case of appropriately large SAR dataset for Multi-Temporal Interferometry (MTI) processing the height difference is usually well estimated, still DEM accuracy should be carefully considered in case of using low number of images-and especially in case of processing differential InSAR with only one image pair. Depending on the interferogram pair combination characteristics, especially parameter known as perpendicular baseline (Bperp) describing the distance between satellite positions during their image acquisitions, the interferogram is more or less prone to DEM accuracy errors. In case of higher Bperp, a relatively high quality DEM is necessary to remove stereoscopic effect apparent in interferogram in order to distinguish interferogram phase element caused by temporal terrain deformation.

关键词： InSAR DEM Accuracy Deformation monitoring

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Impact of Particular Indicators of Urban Development of Cities in the Czech Republic on Average Road Traffic Intensity 11

Impact of Particular Indicators of Urban Development of Citi...

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11th Symposium on Geoinformatics for Intelligent Transportation (GIS)

作者： Holubec, Vladimir Halounova, Lena Czech Tech Univ Fac Civil Engn Dept Mapping & Cartog Prague 16629 6 Czech Republic

ISBN: (纸本)9783319114637;9783319114620

This paper deals with the dependency between the development of road traffic intensity and several statistic and spatial indicators, which are monitored in cities of the Czech Republic. Road traffic intensity was used as the basic phenomenon. The other city indicators are residential, productive, recreational and other areas, population and many other indicators. This analysis is a part of a large research focused on last 40 years in cities of various sizes, traits, and location in the country during last 40 years in 10 years' time steps. Stagnating or even a decreasing number of inhabitants of cities on one side and increasing road traffic intensity is a typical characteristic in most cities. The fact concerns both cars, and lorries;motorcycle form of transport has receded for more than 80 % during these 40 years. The paper shows that the urban development is strongly dependent on historical developments of individual cities. It means that influence of individual indicators varies in individual cities. There was an important difference between the period before and after the political change in 1989. The aim of the paper was to analyse a long period of urban development of a high number of Czech cities and to determine if their development can be generalized for all of them or it is more individual. Future situation of cities can be more reliably derived from the historical development of individual cities than from deep statistical analyses of a higher number of cities. The result will help urban engineers for urban areas modelling.

关键词： Land use Development Road traffic intensity Urban area ArcGIS

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Creating of DSM Based on RPAS Measurement and Accuracy Testing

Creating of DSM Based on RPAS Measurement and Accuracy Testi...

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GIS Ostrava Compilation Surface Models for Geosciences.

作者： Pavelka, Karel Sedina, Jaroslav Czech Tech Univ Fac Civil Engn Dept Geomat Thakurova 7 Prague 16629 6 Czech Republic

ISBN: (纸本)9783319184074;9783319184067

At the Czech Technical University in Prague, a project for using RPAS in photogrammetry, archaeology and the monitoring of the biosphere was launched in 2011. The project's aim was to develop, test and verify simple and low-cost technology for the monitoring and modelling of small areas such as archaeological digs, historical objects, dumps, mines or and small orthophoto projects. The creation of a digital surface model from photos and its accuracy is one of main tasks in all projects. The idea of this contribution is not only to introduce today's popular unmanned aerial systems (UAS, UAV or RPAS), but to provide a critical analysis of the newly-created high resolution digital surface model (DSM). The introduction is focused on general information and legislation of RPAS in the Czech Republic and other countries. The quality of DSM's is discussed based on the data processing of three case projects in Agisoft Photoscan. The use of control points in the bundle adjustment seems to be a problem in this software. In many cases, the DSM is distorted and we tried to find a better method.

关键词： DSM RPAS Accuracy UAV Quality control Agisoft photoscan

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Coping with Integrating Low-Cost 3D Printing and Surface Models: A Case Study on Prusa i3

Coping with Integrating Low-Cost 3D Printing and Surface Mod...

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GIS Ostrava Compilation Surface Models for Geosciences.

作者： Brus, Jan Barvir, Radek Palacky Univ Fac Sci Dept Geoinformat 17 Listopadu 50 Olomouc 77146 Czech Republic

ISBN: (纸本)9783319184074;9783319184067

The article describes one of the possible ways how to create a physical terrain and surface models using a low-cost 3D printer Prusa i3. In the first part, there is a summary of currently used technologies for 3D printing, their descriptions and basic characteristics. Then the open-source 3D printer Prusa i3 based on the RepRap project is shortly described as well as available data used for the testing. The rest part is focused on the whole process of transforming elevation data into a form, which can be printed on the 3D printer. Main attention is given to transferring raster format of digital elevation model into a physical 3D model using Rhinoceros 5, slic3r and pronterface software. The procedure for modelling in Rhinoceros is described using step-by-step instructions and simple formulas. Several freeware alternatives are mentioned as well. Also the user interface of slic3r is described in detail with some recommended options. In the case of the Pronterface software, the user interface and functionality of all important buttons and settings is described. In the final part, the output results, possible problems encountered during the process of printing 3D models and their possible solutions are described in detail.

关键词： 3D printing Rapid prototyping Fused deposit modelling Digital terrain model Prusa i3 Rhinoceros 5 Slic3r Pronterface

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Detailed Digital Terrain Models in the Research of Deserted Settlement: Hydrological Modelling and Environment of Settlement Areas

Detailed Digital Terrain Models in the Research of Deserted ...

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GIS Ostrava Compilation Surface Models for Geosciences.

作者： Holata, Lukas Svetlik, Radek Univ West Bohemia Dept Interdisciplinary Act New Technol Res Ctr Univ 8 Plzen 30614 Czech Republic Univ West Bohemia Dept Archaeol Fac Philosophy & Arts Plzen 30614 Czech Republic

ISBN: (纸本)9783319184074;9783319184067

This paper presents the use of detailed terrain models in archaeological research. We apply a LiDAR data (DTM of the 5th generation provided by the Czech Office for Surveying, Mapping and Cadastre) in the areas of five villages abandoned during the 15th and the 17th century. Surveyed sites are preserved in the woodlands in the form of relief formations and there have been carried out many surface surveys and geodetic-topographic surveys. Except the detection of previously unknown remains of human activities in LiDAR data ( especially field boundaries, tracks or mining areas) we use also an analytical potential of detailed DEM to affect parameters of physical landscape. In particular, we focused on the attachment of deserted villages to water sources and slope gradient of their ploughlands. This allows us to reopen the old-fashioned questions regarding the role of the natural environment in shaping cultural landscape and try to answer them in the new perspective. Although three of considered deserted villages are situated outside of water sources, hydrological modelling of DTM 5G generates higher values of topographic wetness index within close proximity to each of these villages. The ploughlands of deserted villages were situated also in the areas with high slope gradient. These outcomes extend or revised the 'traditional statements' in older Czech literature.

关键词： LiDAR data Deserted villages Reconstruction of settlement areas Hydrological modelling Late middle ages and early modern period

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Analysing the Usage of Spatial Prepositions in Short Messages 11th

Analysing the Usage of Spatial Prepositions in Short Message...

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11th International Symposium on Location Based Services

作者： Dittrich, Andre Richter, Daniela Lucas, Christian Karlsruhe Inst Technol Inst Photogrammetry & Remote Sensing Karlsruhe Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783319118796;9783319118789

Spatial prepositions such as in, on and near are important to describe where things are located in relation to other geographic features. Location-based services (LBS) usually disregard such spatial prepositions. Their automatic detection and interpretation is challenging, because prepositions are quite often used in non-spatial context (e.g., "in the afternoon"). This paper analyses spatial relations in short messages. Short messages typically have special characteristics (e.g., slang, abbreviations, etc.) and thus represent a special type of natural language. A sample corpus of short messages was used to extract descriptions based on spatial prepositions and to analyse their commonness of use. A frequency-based probability for each term to be spatial was calculated, which can serve as an indicator of a verbal spatial description and support the development of intelligent spatial language interpretation in automatic systems.

关键词： Spatial relations Prepositions Verbal spatial descriptions

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Examples of the Implementation of Fuzzy Models in Tourism in the South Moravian Region 11

Examples of the Implementation of Fuzzy Models in Tourism in...

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11th Symposium on Geoinformatics for Intelligent Transportation (GIS)

作者： Kolisko, Pavel Masaryk Univ Dept Geog Fac Sci Brno Czech Republic

ISBN: (纸本)9783319114637;9783319114620

In geospatial information systems we often come across concepts expressing imprecision, incompleteness, uncertainty or vagueness, just like in everyday life. The degree of uncertainty or vagueness can be expressed through fuzzy set theory by membership functions. The fuzzy sets are more suitable for modelling of the vague phenomena than the classical crisp sets. We ordinarily find out spatial features which are not exactly bounded but are verbally determined. There are two examples of fuzzy exploitation in the South Moravian Region in this paper. Multicriteria decision making of tourism areas uses elementary fuzzy logic knowledge and assessment of bike trail difficulty which is considered according to the compositional rule of inference especially by Mamdani's method and defuzzification processes. The analyses apply the raster modelling using software ArcGIS 10.1, geoprocessing tools and programming language Python.

关键词： GIS Fuzzy set Fuzzy logic Multicriteria decision making Fuzzy inference Modus ponens Compositional rule of inference Defuzzification Centroid Center of gravity Center of sums

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