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检索条件"丛书名=Lecture Notes in Geoinformation and Cartography"

共 1042 条记录，以下是641-650 订阅

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Automatic Determination of Optimal Regularization Parameter in Rational Polynomial Coefficients Derivation 8th

Automatic Determination of Optimal Regularization Parameter ...

引用

8th Conference on Geo-information for Disaster Management (Gi4DM)

作者： Youn, Junhee Kim, Tae-Hoon Hong, Changhee Hwang, Jung-Rae Korea Inst Construct Technol Goyang Si Gyeonggi Do South Korea

ISBN: (纸本)9783642332180

Recently, massive archives of ground information are provided by imagery from new sensors. To establish the functional relationship between image and ground space, sensor models are required. The rational functional model (RFM), which is used as an alternative to rigorous sensor model, becomes attractive due to its generality and simplicity. To get a rational polynomial coefficients (RPC) in RFM, we encounter the problem for obtaining a stable solution, because design matrix for solutions usually ill-conditioned in the experiments. To solve such an unstable problem, regularization techniques are generally used. In this paper, we describe the determination of optimal regularization parameter in the regularization technique during RPC derivation. A brief mathematical background of RFM is presented, followed by numerical approaches for automatic determination of optimal regularization parameter with the Euler Method. Experiments are carried out;assuming tilted aerial image is taken with known rigorous sensor model.

关键词： Sensor model Rational functional model Rational polynomial coefficients Regularization parameter

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The Impact of Classification Approaches on the Detection of Hierarchies in Place Descriptions 16

The Impact of Classification Approaches on the Detection of ...

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16th AGILE Conference on Geographic Information Science

作者： Richter, Daniela Richter, Kai-Florian Winter, Stephan Karlsruhe Inst Technol Inst Photogrammetry & Remote Sensing D-76021 Karlsruhe Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783319006154

The chapter investigates the identification of hierarchical structures in place descriptions. Different approaches to classify spatial granularity will be compared and applied to a corpus of human place descriptions. Results show how hierarchical structures as well as deviations depend on the respective classifications. They further indicate certain difficulties in developing a suitable classification of spatial references. Findings contribute to the understanding of human spatial language, and thus the development of flexible mechanisms for their interpretation and integration in location-based systems.

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Simulation System of Tsunami Evacuation Behavior During an Earthquake Around JR Osaka Station Area 8th

Simulation System of Tsunami Evacuation Behavior During an E...

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8th Conference on Geo-information for Disaster Management (Gi4DM)

作者： Ishida, Ryo Izumi, Tomoko Nakatani, Yoshio Ritsumeikan Univ Grad Sch Sci & Engn Kusatsu Shiga 5250058 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9783642332180

In the case of a Tonankai earthquake or Nankai earthquake occurring, it is predicted that tsunami damage will occur at the JR Osaka Station area. The purpose of this study is to propose a computer simulation which can calculate the appropriate behavior of evacuees in order to avoid tsunami damage in that situation. There are many institutions, department stores and hotels, and an underground shopping center, around JR Osaka Station. Therefore, various situations must be considered, such as collisions between people trying to evacuate to buildings and people trying to get away from the underground shopping center and buildings to the outside, in order to plan safe evacuation. In this paper, we implement a simulation that assumes various situations, and collect data fundamental to devising a method for inducing evacuation.

关键词： Evacuation Agent-based Shortest path Behavior Refuge buildings

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Integration of Real-Time UAV Video into the Fire Brigades Crisis Management System 8th

Integration of Real-Time UAV Video into the Fire Brigades Cr...

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8th Conference on Geo-information for Disaster Management (Gi4DM)

作者： van Persie, Mark van Sijl, Menso C. Wisse, Edwin Tjoe-Awie, Janio B. de Jong, Arnout J. Bakker, Wim Natl Aerosp Lab NLR A Fokkerweg 2 NL-1059 CM Amsterdam Netherlands Geodan NL-1079MB Amsterdam Netherlands Nieuwland Geo Informatie NL-6703CT Wageningen Netherlands Delft Dynam NL-2629JD Delft Netherlands Veiligheidsregio Noord en Oost Gelderland VNOG NL-7336AK Apeldoorn Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)9783642332180

During a fire incident live airborne video offers the fire brigade an additional means of information. Essential for the effective usage of the daylight and infra-red video data from the UAS is that the information is fully integrated into the crisis management system of the fire brigade. This is a GIS based system in which all relevant geospatial information is brought together and automatically distributed to all levels of the organization. In the Dutch Fire-Fly project it was investigated in what way and under which conditions the information obtained with small unmanned aerial systems (UAS) can be integrated into the fire brigades crisis management system in support of their operations. In cooperation with the Dutch fire brigade of the VNOG requirements and a concept of operation were defined, based on which a technical system was developed and demonstrated in practice. An existing robot helicopter was equipped with the proper sensors, a geospatial video server was integrated in the local command center and the fire brigades crisis management system was adapted for the display and distribution of real-time geospatial airborne video and derived product to the involved operational levels during a fire incident. This article describes the technical and operational approach and results.

关键词： UAS Geospatial video GIS Fire brigade Crisis management system

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Facility Use-Choice Model with Travel Costs Incorporating Means of Transportation and Travel Direction 16

Facility Use-Choice Model with Travel Costs Incorporating Me...

引用

16th AGILE Conference on Geographic Information Science

作者： Osaragi, Toshihiro Tsuda, Sayaka Tokyo Inst Technol Dept Mech & Environm Informat Grad Sch Informat Sci & Engn Meguro Ku Tokyo 1528552 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9783319006154

Estimating the number of users and their spatial distribution is necessary in the planning process of new public facilities. In the present study, we construct a model based on the nested logit model that is composed of facilities' utility and users' travel costs to describe facility use-choice behavior with respect to the facilities. The travel costs are described in terms of network distance, means of transportation, direction of travel, and number of transfers. As a numerical analysis, validation of the proposed model is achieved by estimating the number of users and their spatial distribution for newly constructed public libraries.

关键词： Spatial distribution

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Network Information Management for Collaboration in Disaster Management: Concepts and Case Study 8th

Network Information Management for Collaboration in Disaster...

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8th Conference on Geo-information for Disaster Management (Gi4DM)

作者： Panneman, Fons de Vries, Erik de Bruijn, Peter Stichting Studio Veiligheid Saturnusstr 60 NL-2516 AH The Hague Netherlands Haagse Hogesch NL-2521 EN The Hague Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)9783642332180

Interorganizational information exchange has become crucial to increase resilience and agility in disaster management. New collaborations between organizations to exchange information through innovative technologies create challenges for information management. It implies different stakeholders, diversified policies, multiple interpretations of innovative technologies, restricted knowledge of each other's organizations and shared governance of processes of innovation, cooperation, design and decision making. We offer an approach for Network Information Management that allows for and takes advantage of these differences between stakeholders and their organizations. An approach in which innovation, cooperation, design and decision-making is shared among stakeholders. The approach is based on three basic components: process management, scenario based development and organizing vision. These components reinforce each other resulting in convergence of stakeholder's positions throughout the process. The approach has been applied and tested in an innovation project for disaster management in the Netherlands, which serves as a case study in this paper.

关键词： Scenario based development Network information management Innovation management

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Effectiveness of Net-Centric Support Tools for Traffic Incident Management Results of a Field Experiment 8th

Effectiveness of Net-Centric Support Tools for Traffic Incid...

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8th Conference on Geo-information for Disaster Management (Gi4DM)

作者： Steenbruggen, John Krieckaert, Maarten Rietveld, Piet Scholten, Henk van der Vlist, Maarten Vrije Univ Amsterdam Dept Spatial Econ De Boelelaan 1105 NL-1081 HV Amsterdam Netherlands Minist Infrastructure & Environm NL-8224AD Lelystad Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)9783642332180

In the last two decades traffic Incident Management (IM) has become an important tool to reduce and prevent congestion on the road network, especially in urban areas. IM involves the coordinated interactions of many public and private actors. To support their tasks in an effective way, information systems are becoming increasingly important. In particular, information and system quality and Situational Awareness (SA) have been identified as major hurdles for effective emergency response. This paper reports the results of an empirical analysis of the effectiveness of net-centric information systems to improve the cooperation between public and private IM organizations. A set of controlled experiments were conducted with 16 participants. Data on the responses of the participants were collected through questionnaires and observer notes. The analysis focused on: a comparison of the tools tested, in terms of the appreciation of information and system quality, a comparison of the communication and coordination of a test group and a control group of emergency workers;the value of SA in the performance of the decision-making process;and, how scenario complexity can affect the design principles of net-centric systems.

关键词： Traffic incident management Net-centric information systems Common operational picture Situational awareness

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Privacy-Preserving Distributed Movement Data Aggregation 16

Privacy-Preserving Distributed Movement Data Aggregation

引用

16th AGILE Conference on Geographic Information Science

作者： Monreale, Anna Wang, Wendy Hui Pratesi, Francesca Rinzivillo, Salvatore Pedreschi, Dino Andrienko, Gennady Andrienko, Natalia Univ Pisa Pisa Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9783319006154

We propose a novel approach to privacy-preserving analytical processing within a distributed setting, and tackle the problem of obtaining aggregated information about vehicle traffic in a city from movement data collected by individual vehicles and shipped to a central server. Movement data are sensitive because people's whereabouts have the potential to reveal intimate personal traits, such as religious or sexual preferences, and may allow re-identification of individuals in a database. We provide a privacy-preserving framework for movement data aggregation based on trajectory generalization in a distributed environment. The proposed solution, based on the differential privacy model and on sketching techniques for efficient data compression, provides a formal data protection safeguard. Using real-life data, we demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach also in terms of data utility preserved by the data transformation.

关键词： Metadata

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Towards an Integrated Crowd Management Platform 8th

Towards an Integrated Crowd Management Platform

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8th Conference on Geo-information for Disaster Management (Gi4DM)

作者： Van de Weghe, Nico Bellens, Rik De Jaeger, Tom Gautama, Sidharta Huybrechts, Roel Meier, Beat Versichele, Mathias Univ Ghent Dept Geog B-9000 Ghent Belgium IOF Innovat Ctr i KNOW UGent Ghent Belgium TERSEC Ghent Belgium FAST Protect Ghent Belgium

ISBN: (纸本)9783642332180

To date, numerous tracking technologies are being used in order to get insight in various situations where movements of objects are of major importance. Moving objects might be cars moving along the road network, animals running in the forest, people visiting mass events. Our research focuses on this last specific domain. Our aim is to build an integrated centralized system capable of acquiring, analyzing, and modeling the complex movement interactions occurring at mass-events in order to fully support the organizers in crowd management, security and possible evacuation. The integrated system will focus on two systems developed over the past years and successfully deployed at several mass events. The first system (BlueMAP) focuses on visitors, the second system (Terra 3D Incident Management Platform) focuses on the emergency services.

关键词： Mass event Tracking Crowd management Security

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Identification of Earthquake Disaster Hot Spots with Crowd Sourced Data 8th

Identification of Earthquake Disaster Hot Spots with Crowd S...

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8th Conference on Geo-information for Disaster Management (Gi4DM)

作者： Hassanzadeh, Reza Nedovic-Budic, Zorica Univ Coll Dublin Geog Planning & Environm Policy Sch Dublin 2 Ireland

ISBN: (纸本)9783642332180

This paper explores the value of the application of Crowd Sourced (CS) data in identification of areas damaged in the aftermath of an earthquake. A survey was conducted to collect CS data based on two stage cluster sampling method from people who experienced the earthquake in Bam city, Iran in 2003. The CS data submission time was considered for data analysis, including continuous, discrete and complete data submission. The CS data reporting on the level of building destruction, the number of fatalities and the number of injuries was used to identify hot spot areas for dispatching response operation teams. To test the value of CS data in identification of hot spots, the results were compared with the Actual Earthquake (AE) data by using of Fuzzy Kappa index, Fuzzy Inference System, and cross tabulation to calculate similarity and dissimilarity, quality and allocation disagreement between them. The similarity and dissimilarity measures indicate that there is a low to moderate similarity between hot spot maps based on the application of CS and those based on the AE data. They suggest that CS data has a moderate potential role in identifying highly damaged areas (hot spots) and low damaged areas (cold spots). The results of this study show that the CS data is better suited for more general determination of hot and cold spot areas than to provide exact locations where the resources could be dispatched. Consequently, we conclude that CS data is useful for decision making process by disaster managers if combined with the other sources of information to allocate the limited resources in affected areas.

关键词： Crowd sourced data Earthquake disaster management Real time data Hot spot analysis Fuzzy kappa Cross tabulation analysis Similarity and dissimilarity

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