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检索条件"丛书名=Lecture Notes in Geoinformation and Cartography"

共 1042 条记录，以下是651-660 订阅

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Selecting a Representation for Spatial Vagueness: A Decision Making Approach 16

Selecting a Representation for Spatial Vagueness: A Decision...

引用

16th AGILE Conference on Geographic Information Science

作者： Humayun, Mohammed I. Schwering, Angela Univ Munster Inst Geoinformat Munster Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783319006154

Representing vague places is a challenge in information systems. There are several approaches, each differing in aspects such as the underlying assumptions they make about space, their data models and reasoning abilities. Despite this there is no general solution and the question of which method to select is a matter of fitness for purpose. So far no methodology exists to support choosing the appropriate representation for a given problem. A formal decision making approach is presented here to select a suitable modelling technique to represent vague places. To do this, the criteria on the basis of which the decision is made are derived first. Commonly used methods to model spatial vagueness and uncertainty are then analyzed on the basis of these criteria. Finally, we describe a methodology that uses the analytic hierarchy process, in order to provide a quantitative ranking of candidate methods in their order of suitability for an application scenario.

关键词： Decision making

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Geospatial Visualisation 2012

引用

丛书名： lecture notes in geoinformation and cartography

2013年

作者： Antoni Moore Igor Drecki

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Automatic Extraction of Forests from Historical Maps Based on Unsupervised Classification in the CIELab Color Space 16

Automatic Extraction of Forests from Historical Maps Based o...

引用

16th AGILE Conference on Geographic Information Science

作者： Herrault, P. -A. Sheeren, D. Fauvel, M. Paegelow, M. Univ Toulouse INP ENSAT UMR DYNAFOR 1201 Av AgrobiopoleBP 32607 F-31326 Toulouse France Univ Toulouse UTM UMR 5602 GEODE F-31058 Toulouse France

ISBN: (纸本)9783319006154

In this chapter, we describe an automatic procedure to capture features on old maps. Early maps contain specific informations which allow us to reconstruct trajectories over time and space for land use/cover studies or urban area development. The most commonly used approach to extract these elements requires a user intervention for digitizing which widely limits its utilization. Therefore, it is essential to propose automatic methods in order to establish reproducible procedures. Capturing features automatically on scanned paper maps is a major challenge in GIS for many reasons: (1) many planimetric elements can be overlapped, (2) scanning procedure may conduct to a poor image quality, (3) lack of colors complicates the distinction of the elements. Based on a state of art, we propose a method based on color image segmentation and unsupervised classification (K-means algorithm) to extract forest features on the historical 'Map of France'. The first part of the procedure conducts to clean maps and eliminate elevation contour lines with filtering techniques. Then, we perform a color space conversion from RGB to L*a*b color space to improve uniformity of the image. To finish, a post processing step based on morphological operators and contextual rules is applied to clean-up features. Results show a high global accuracy of the proposed scheme for different excerpt of this historical map.

关键词： Land use

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Granular Computing and Dempster-Shafer Integration in Seismic Vulnerability Assessment 8th

Granular Computing and Dempster-Shafer Integration in Seismi...

引用

8th Conference on Geo-information for Disaster Management (Gi4DM)

作者： Khamespanah, Fateme Delavar, Mahmoud Reza Alinia, Hadis Samadi Zare, Mehdi Univ Tehran Dept Surveying & Geomat Engn Coll Engn Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Ctr Excellence in Geomat Engn Disaster Management Dept Surveying & Geomat Engn Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Dept Surveying & Geomat Engn GIS Div Tehran Iran Seismol Res Ctr Int Inst Earthquake Engn & Seismol IIEE Tehran Iran

ISBN: (纸本)9783642332180

Iran is one of the seismically active areas of the world due to its position in the Alpine-Himalayan mountain system. Tehran has several faults hence huge earthquakes will permeates human settlement there. Production of seismic vulnerability map could help disaster management organizations to develop and implement a plan to promote awareness of earthquake vulnerability and implementation of seismic vulnerability reduction measures in Tehran. The process of seismic vulnerability assessment is a supervised classification problem which undertaken by implementation of classification rules obtained from relationships between classes defined by a set of attributes and a unified decision of a group of experts. Therefore, seismic vulnerability assessment is a multidisciplinary problem which needs a multi criteria decision making. The influencing factors make the problem and the process of decision making a complicated disaster management problem. To overcome this problem, this paper proposes an integrated model based upon the granular computing and Dempster-Shafer to extract classification rules for classification of urban areas regarding seismic vulnerability. One of the significant properties of granular computing is induction of more compatible rules having no inconsistency. In this paper, Dempster-Shafer theory is used to integrate and model the conflict among different experts' viewpoints to get an informed decision regarding the measure of seismic vulnerability in each statistical unit in the study area.

关键词： Granular computing model Dempster-Shafer theory Geospatial information system (GIS) Seismic vulnerability assessment Decision-making

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Using Data from Location Based Social Networks for Urban Activity Clustering 16

Using Data from Location Based Social Networks for Urban Act...

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16th AGILE Conference on Geographic Information Science

作者： Roesler, Roberto Liebig, Thomas Fraunhofer IAIS D-53757 St Augustin Germany TU Dortmund Univ Dept Comp Sci LS8 D-44221 Dortmund Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783319006154

Understanding the spatial and temporal aspects of activities in urban regions is one of the key challenges for the emerging fields of urban computing and emergency management as it provides indispensable insights on the quality of services in urban environments and helps to describe the socio-dynamics of urban districts. This work presents a novel approach to obtain this highly valuable knowledge. We hereby propose a segmentation of a city into clusters based on activity profiles using data from a Location Based Social Network (LBSN). In our approach, a segment is represented by different locations sharing the same temporal distribution of check-ins. We reveal how to describe the topic of the determined segments by modelling the difference to the overall temporal distribution of check-ins of the region. Furthermore, a technique from multidimensional scaling is adopted to compute a classification of all segments and visualize the results. The proposed method was successfully applied to Foursquare data recorded from May to October 2012 in the region of Cologne (Germany) and returns clear patterns separating areas known for different activities like nightlife or daily work. Finally, we discuss different aspects related to the use of data from LBSNs.

关键词： Risk management

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Evaluation of a Support System for Large Area Tourist Evacuation Guidance: Kyoto Simulation Results 8th

Evaluation of a Support System for Large Area Tourist Evacua...

引用

8th Conference on Geo-information for Disaster Management (Gi4DM)

作者： Kinugasa, Seiki Izumi, Tomoko Nakatani, Yoshio Ritsumeikan Univ Grad Sch Sci & Engn Kusatsu Shiga 5258577 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9783642332180

Most studies on providing evacuation guidance have targeted residents, with little consideration for evacuation guidance for visitors to the area, such as tourists and businesspeople. Accordingly, this study targets the development of a system that supports the safe and efficient evacuation of tourists from disaster areas to specific safe destinations. The system models the evacuation behavior of tourists and then simulates an evacuation process in which a specific evacuation guidance method is utilized. A major characteristic of tourists in disasters is that they tend to converge on the limited number of railway stations, which may result in severe crowding and panic. The system therefore makes it possible to compare and evaluate the effectiveness of various evacuation guidance methods. The effectiveness of the system was tested by simulation of evacuation processes that utilize a phased evacuation guidance method that is to be introduced in Kyoto, the most popular tourist destination city in Japan.

关键词： Shortest path Evacuation Simulation Visualisation

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A Thematic Approach to User Similarity Built on Geosocial Check-ins 16

A Thematic Approach to User Similarity Built on Geosocial Ch...

引用

16th AGILE Conference on Geographic Information Science

作者： McKenzie, Grant Adams, Benjamin Janowicz, Krzysztof Univ Calif Santa Barbara Dept Geog Santa Barbara CA 93106 USA Univ Calif Santa Barbara NCEAS Santa Barbara CA 93106 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9783319006154

Computing user similarity is key for personalized location-based recommender systems and geographic information retrieval. So far, most existing work has focused on structured or semi-structured data to establish such measures. In this work, we propose topic modeling to exploit sparse, unstructured data, e. g., tips and reviews, as an additional feature to compute user similarity. Our model employs diagnosticity weighting based on the entropy of topics in order to assess the role of commonalities and variabilities between similar users. Finally, we offer a validation technique and results using data from the location-based social network Foursquare.

关键词： Recommender systems

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On the Formulation of Conceptual Spaces for Land Cover Classification Systems 16

On the Formulation of Conceptual Spaces for Land Cover Class...

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16th AGILE Conference on Geographic Information Science

作者： Baglatzi, Alkyoni Kuhn, Werner Natl Tech Univ Athens Sch Rural & Surveying Engn H Polytech St 9Zografos Campus Athens 15780 Greece

ISBN: (纸本)9783319006154

Cognitive approaches to knowledge representation improve man-machine communication, as they are close to human reasoning. Conceptual spaces have been proposed as one such knowledge formalization method. Our research investigates the theory of conceptual spaces as a methodology for implementing semantic reference systems. Conceptual spaces are spanned by quality dimensions. Concepts are represented as regions in n-dimensional spaces and instances as n-dimensional vectors. The land cover domain is chosen for applying this theory with the view to formulating a conceptual space from textual descriptions. Based on a land cover classification system and its descriptions, the methodology for extracting the quality dimensions is demonstrated and their measurement scales are discussed. The usefulness of formalizing a classification system as conceptual space is demonstrated in the process of semantically transforming instances from one classification system to another.

关键词： Knowledge representation

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Modelling the Suitability of Urban Networks for Pedestrians: An Affordance-Based Framework 16

Modelling the Suitability of Urban Networks for Pedestrians:...

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16th AGILE Conference on Geographic Information Science

作者： Jonietz, David Schuster, Wolfgang Timpf, Sabine Univ Augsburg Inst Geog D-86159 Augsburg Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783319006154

In this chapter, a framework for modelling the suitability of urban networks for pedestrians is presented. Based on the psychological theory of affordances, a model of spatial suitability is developed that acknowledges the fact that suitability must always be analysed relative to the agent, the task and the environment. We extend existing affordance concepts by moving beyond simple true/false statements to express that there are various degrees to which an action can be afforded by an environmental object. In our model, environmental dispositions and agent capabilities are repeatedly selected, calculated and specified until atomic property pairs are identified. These can be combined to compute suitability values. We test and implement the model on a routing scenario for mobility-impaired persons. The results show that the framework produces suitable paths for different agents and thus shows promise for future work.

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Tailoring Trajectories and their Moving Patterns to Contexts 16

Tailoring Trajectories and their Moving Patterns to Contexts

引用

16th AGILE Conference on Geographic Information Science

作者： Wachowicz, Monica Ong, Rebecca Renso, Chiara Univ New Brunswick Fredericton NB E3B 5A3 Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9783319006154

Nowadays heterogeneous mobile data sources are producing an enormous amount of contextual information that can improve our interpretation of discovered mobility patterns. Because both an entity and the data sources can be mobile, what context is and how it can be used to interpret mobility patters may vary anyplace at anytime. This chapter describes an approach for tailoring mobility patterns based on the synergy of trajectory and mobility pattern annotation techniques, where contexts are represented as dynamic semantic views. These views are obtained after the classification of context variables that are selected based on the classification criteria previously proposed for a taxonomy of collective phenomena. An experiment is used to illustrate the proposed approach for tailoring moving flock patterns to contexts of visitors in a recreational area.

关键词： Semantics

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