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检索条件"丛书名=Lecture Notes in Geoinformation and Cartography"

共 1042 条记录，以下是681-690 订阅

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Using Icons as a Means for Semantic Interoperability in Emergency Management: The Case of Cross-Border Moor Fires and Schiphol Airport 8th

Using Icons as a Means for Semantic Interoperability in Emer...

引用

8th Conference on Geo-information for Disaster Management (Gi4DM)

作者： Peters, Rob van Aalst, Jan-Willem Wilson, Frank Hofmann, Til Imergis IM88 Utrecht Netherlands Publ Safety & Hlth Reg Kennemerland Haarlem Netherlands Interaction Design Ltd London England CUAS Cologne Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783642332180

The understanding of terms and maps is considered a vital part of emergency management by its practitioners. This paper describes a solution chosen by the emergency management information officers of the Twente and Kennemerland Dutch regional authorities to bridge the gap of understanding between first responder officers of different agencies. After having implemented a National emergency management system with a strong tendency to standardize protocols and tooling the designers involved realized that one cannot superimpose a single symbology for everyone involved. A need for a more flexible harmonization with partners like colleagues from cross the border and the IATA governed Schiphol Airport was necessary. To achieve flexibility and understanding at the same time a method for on-the-fly translation of icons was developed. The technology that powers the translation is the application of SKOS semantic web trippels. The paper describes some of the challenges that occurred when different icon sets based on different standardization regimes were analyzed.

关键词： Iconography Symbols GIS Semantics

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Publish/Subscribe System Based on Event Calculus to Support Real-Time Multi-Agent Evacuation Simulation 16

Publish/Subscribe System Based on Event Calculus to Support ...

引用

16th AGILE Conference on Geographic Information Science

作者： Bakillah, Mohamed Zipf, Alexander Liang, Steve H. L. Heidelberg Univ Inst GI Sci Heidelberg Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783319006154

Large scale disasters often create the need for evacuating affected regions to save lives. Disaster management authorities need evacuation simulation tools to assess the efficiency of various evacuation scenarios and the impact of a variety of environmental and social factors on the evacuation process. Therefore, sound simulation models should include the relevant factors influencing the evacuation process. More specifically, to be reliable in critical situations, evacuation simulations must integrate information on time-varying phenomena that can affect the evacuation process, such as the impact of meteorological conditions, road incidents, or other relevant events. Sensor networks constitute an efficient solution for gathering data on such events and feeding the evacuation simulation. However, the coupling of sensors with multi-agent simulation tools is not straightforward. In this chapter, we present a publish/subscribe system based on Event Calculus to support real-time multi-agent evacuation simulations. The system identifies relevant events from sensor data gathered through a Sensor Event Service that implements the OGC SWE standards and the Event Pattern Markup Language (EML). Then, the publish/subscribe system acts as a middleware between the Sensor data publishers and the multi-agent evacuation simulation through a Sensor Processing Service based on Event Calculus that infers the impact of events on the characteristics of the road network. The result is an evacuation simulation that can be deployed to assess various evacuation scenarios in real-time, during the crisis response.

关键词： Middleware

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Examining the Influence of Political Factors on the Design of a New Road 16

Examining the Influence of Political Factors on the Design o...

引用

16th AGILE Conference on Geographic Information Science

作者： Anciaes, Paulo Rui Univ London London Sch Econ & Polit Sci London WC2A 2AE England

ISBN: (纸本)9783319006154

Transport policy is often influenced by political factors. The few existing studies on this topic analyse patterns arising from a series of past decisions. This chapter adds to this knowledge by exploring the implications of political bias in the design of an individual project. The objective is to compare socially and politically optimal decisions for different hypothesis about the level and nature of political bias. GIS methods are used to derive route alignments for a new road, taking into account the level and distribution of community severance effects. The results show that even when bounding the problem with several restrictions, attending to political interests leads to deviations from the social optimum, producing alignments not only with higher aggregate severance impacts, but also with higher land use costs and important distributional effects.

关键词： Land use

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Provenance Information in Geodata Infrastructures 16

Provenance Information in Geodata Infrastructures

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16th AGILE Conference on Geographic Information Science

作者： Henzen, Christin Maes, Stephan Bernard, Lars Tech Univ Dresden Dept Geosci D-01069 Dresden Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783319006154

When it comes to usability evaluation of geodata information about its provenance or lineage are vital. Nevertheless, in practice the corresponding metadata elements are often neglected. Even if available, the tabular or listed metadata representations in current metadata catalogue user interfaces do not sufficiently support the users browsing and comparing metadata. This chapter proposes an interactive application for data provenance visualization called MetaViz. As a foundation for the MetaViz design the chapter provides a detailed analysis on modeling aspects, available standards and specifications for data provenance and presents possible design and implementation choices. A scientific geodata infrastructure that supports researchers sharing results of numerical simulations of different environmental phenomena serves as the underlying use case.

关键词： Metadata

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An A*-Based Search Approach for Navigation Among Moving Obstacles 8th

An A*-Based Search Approach for Navigation Among Moving Obst...

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8th Conference on Geo-information for Disaster Management (Gi4DM)

作者： Wang, Zhiyong Zlatanova, Sisi Delft Univ Technol NL-2628 BX Delft Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)9783642332180

Finding an optimal route in a dynamic transportation network affected by disasters is a critical problem for emergency response. Although many routing algorithms have been developed, and some of them show the ability to guide first responders around the static damaged infrastructure, there are few efforts devoted to the efficient routes avoiding moving obstacles. Emergencies caused by natural or man-made disasters can result in both static and moving obstacles in a transportation network, which poses a set of serious challenges for researchers in the navigation field. In this paper, we study the shortest-path problem for one moving object to one destination in a dynamic road network populated with many moving obstacles. Existing approaches, which are developed for stationary networks, are incapable of managing complex circumstances where the status of the road network changes over time. We propose a model to represent the dynamic network and an adapted A* algorithm for shortest path computations in the context of moving obstacles. Moreover, this paper presents a web-based application for route planning. It integrates an agent-based simulation tool for both analysis of the dynamic road network and simulation of first responders' movements, and web technologies for enabling the response community to easily and quickly share their emergency plans and to work collaboratively. We provide an experimental comparison of performance with the standard A* algorithm under different circumstances to illustrate the effectiveness of our approach.

关键词： A* algorithm Navigation Moving obstacles Emergencies

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A Two-level Path-finding Strategy for Indoor Navigation 8th

A Two-level Path-finding Strategy for Indoor Navigation

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8th Conference on Geo-information for Disaster Management (Gi4DM)

作者： Liu, Liu Zlatanova, Sisi Delft Univ Technol GIS Technol Sect OTB Res Inst Built Environm NL-2628 BX Delft Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)9783642332180

In this paper, a two-level path-finding strategy is presented. It can derive a geometric indoor route according to different preferences. On the first level a room sequence is derived by means of non-metric criteria, such as the number of visited rooms or the number of obstacles in rooms. Based on the sequence, a geometric path with respect to obstacle shape and user size is computed for each traversed room. Then all of these paths compose a final path. The approach is illustrated with an example of a residential building. Compared to other related work, this strategy allows greater flexibility in providing the detailed path within changing indoor environments.

关键词： Indoor navigation Path-finding Two-level strategy

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Transport Network Vulnerability Assessment Methodology, Based on the Cost-Distance Method and GIS Integration 8th

Transport Network Vulnerability Assessment Methodology, Base...

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8th Conference on Geo-information for Disaster Management (Gi4DM)

作者： Toma-Danila, Dragos Natl Inst Earth Phys Magurele Ilfov Romania

ISBN: (纸本)9783642332180

Considering the various effects of natural disasters, and the need for a fast intervention and recovery time, before facing the associated problems it is needed to mitigate the risks. A basic and initial step is to assess the vulnerability in high risk areas. The importance of a transport network is major, whether it is a road, railway (for access) or pipe (for resources) network. Various methods were described for analyzing their behavior to disastrous events (like earthquakes, landslides, flooding). The methodology proposed in this study integrates all related input data within a GIS software, adding by so the spatial dimension, and adapt the cost-distance method to obtain fictive costs that translate into vulnerability states for each point of a network. Also, the hot-points that can determine detour costs are taken into consideration, by means of random "What if?'' scenarios that are generated by an automation model. The fact that the cost-distance method requires origins to which the costs will refer it is important, because the vulnerability values will also be related to how hard it is for an emergency intervention team to reach a certain segment of the network. Because of the various degrees of freedom in the methodology, different methods can be also added to the actual core, in order to serve the purpose, whether it is emergency route analysis, road planning or loss estimation assessment. In order to test and exemplify the methodology and the results, a road network seismic vulnerability assessment example is presented, for a Romanian County right on top of the Vrancea Seismic Area. Specific details are given about the possibilities to implement the methodology.

关键词： Network analysis Cost-distance method Vulnerability assessment GIS

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Geographic Information for Command and Control Systems Demonstration of Emergency Support System 8th

Geographic Information for Command and Control Systems Demon...

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8th Conference on Geo-information for Disaster Management (Gi4DM)

作者： Reznik, Tomas Horakova, Bronislava Szturc, Roman Masaryk Univ Dept Geog Kotlarska 2 CS-61137 Brno Czech Republic Prosek Point budova A Intergraph CS Prague 19000 Czech Republic

ISBN: (纸本)9783642332180

This paper deals with the issue of integration of geographic information (GI) into (existing) command and control systems. The main motivations and benefits of such integration are described at the beginning. Open as well as proprietary solutions are discussed. The core of the paper lies in the definition of the Emergency Support System, including the user requirements, architecture, field tests and assessment. Beside others, conclusions depict issues of a system based on the Service Oriented Architecture that is integrated into a command and control system. Such issues consist of existing procedures and processes in crisis and emergency management, connection to other components of Spatial Data Infrastructures and future development.

关键词： Crisis management User requirements Service oriented architecture Field test assessment Inspire

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Using a Base Registry Key in Disaster Information Management: A Dutch Case Study on Linked Data 8th

Using a Base Registry Key in Disaster Information Management...

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8th Conference on Geo-information for Disaster Management (Gi4DM)

作者： van Aalst, Jan-Willem van Leeuwen, Bart Peters, Rob Imergis Utrecht Area Netherlands Public Safety & Hlth Reg Kennemerland Haarlem Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)9783642332180

This paper describes the process of using the Dutch Base Registration Identification number (BAG) as a primary key to link various sorts of information about a particular built-up object. This greatly increases the quality and effectiveness of the common operational picture. Consequently, the paper investigates the usefulness and affordability of Linked Data (a method of publishing structured data so that it can be interlinked). Several practical applications are considered and evaluated. The primary conclusion is that the BAG Base address registration greatly enhances the possibilities for safety workers to gain a common insight about particular built-up objects. This pertains to the "cold'' risk-analyses and preparatory work phases, as well as in the "warm'' incident and disaster management phases. It is in the combination of these two phases where the profit is maximized: when attempting to assess the consequences of the disaster management processes during and after the incident, relevant data about the particular object is now much easier than before, and with much better quality. This is already turning out to be very profitable for the fire brigade workers, the police officers, the ambulance drivers, as well as the municipal officers.

关键词： Linked data Physical safety Geographical information

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Methodology for Landslide Susceptibility and Hazard Mapping Using GIS and SDI 8th

Methodology for Landslide Susceptibility and Hazard Mapping ...

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8th Conference on Geo-information for Disaster Management (Gi4DM)

作者： Fernandez, Tomas Jimenez, Jorge Delgado, Jorge Cardenal, Javier Luis Perez, Jose El Hamdouni, Rachid Irigaray, Clemente Chacon, Jose Univ Jaen Dept Cartog Geodet & Photogrammetr Engn Campus Lagunillas Jaen 23071 Spain Univ Granada Dept Civil Engn Granada 18071 Spain

ISBN: (纸本)9783642332180

In this work a methodology for preparing landslides susceptibility and hazard maps is presented, based in a bivariate analysis between past movements and determinant factors. The methodology for determining the susceptibility is an adaptation of the matrix method to a GIS, and it has been tested and validated in different zones and environments of Andalusia (southern Spain). The text also discusses the availability of information layers in Spanish SDI to developing these susceptibility maps. For the hazard evaluation, we propose a methodology of determining the susceptibility in different return periods from inventories of landslides that show activity in these considered periods. The activity was estimated from stereoscopic and monoscopic analysis of aerial photographs from different dates, using geological and geomorphic criteria, and the study of rainfall time series. Since all, four periods were considered in a logarithmic scale of 10 years (approximate return period of rainfall generating instability in the area), 100, 1000 and 10000 years. After determining the susceptibility, it was transformed into annual hazard dividing by the number of years of the return period. Finally, a total hazard map was obtained by determining at each point the maximum value of hazard of the different periods and it is expressed in several intervals.

关键词： Landslides Susceptibility Hazard Mapping GIS SDI

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