This paper presents extended GinisSense architecture applied for the prediction of electric power supply system behaviour. The original GinisSense architecture is a Sensor Web based architecture for collecting, proces...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783642290633
This paper presents extended GinisSense architecture applied for the prediction of electric power supply system behaviour. The original GinisSense architecture is a Sensor Web based architecture for collecting, processing, analyzing, decision making and alerting based on the data received from heterogeneous data sources. This architecture was extended in order to process data from various IT systems present in power supply companies and sensors attached on power supply network elements. This allowed us to manage a large amount of data, both archived and real time, extract valuable information from raw data and perform rules based reasoning for the prediction of power supply system behaviour. The behaviour prediction process consists of four steps, defined according to Omnibus data fusion model. These steps lead to generation of events, where each event represents the possible future state of the power supply system indicating vulnerability of individual power supply network elements. By means of specialized Web GIS application, user is presented with the geographical area containing power supply network elements with the potential for the hazardous events. Within this paper, we demonstrate the architecture with a scenario generated in a laboratory conditions. For demonstration purposes, the necessary subset of data was transferred from the power supply company database to the laboratory conditions and the electrical values were collected from the local data warehouse during the simulation of hazardous events.
Urban and rural poverty are key issues of the Millennium Development Goals and much research is done on how to reduce poverty sustainable and long-ranging. However, small scale poverty maps at full spatial and tempora...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783642290633
Urban and rural poverty are key issues of the Millennium Development Goals and much research is done on how to reduce poverty sustainable and long-ranging. However, small scale poverty maps at full spatial and temporal coverage are fundamentally necessary but rare. Some small scale poverty mapping methods have been developed in past years, but these methods often rely on data which has to be collected in resource intensive field work. We therefore compare two statistical data mining tools, Support Vector Regression and Linear Regression, to scale Vietnamese poverty data from a coarser training to smaller scaled testing set. The Support Vector Regression performed worse than the Linear Regression model with feature subset. However, the Support Vector Regression model showed a more systematic error which might be corrected more easily than the error of the Linear Regression approach. Furthermore, both models showed dependency on spatial effects. Hence, integration of spatial information might increase the success of future models and turn data mining approaches into valuable tools for poverty mapping on small scales.
The paper proposes a new method of statistical probability for prospective studies that we named GP-SET (in French, Geoprospective Probabiliste Spatiale Et Temporelle). It is devoted to estimating an evolution of a sp...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783642290633
The paper proposes a new method of statistical probability for prospective studies that we named GP-SET (in French, Geoprospective Probabiliste Spatiale Et Temporelle). It is devoted to estimating an evolution of a spatio-temporal phenomenon, in order to model future growing patterns of more or less uncertain phenomenon. Firstly, the paper presents the stages of the modeling. Secondly, the model is carried out in a retrospective way and then applied to estimate the growth rates probabilities up to 2015, in the Southern region of France, the Provence Alpes Cote d'Azur (PACA) region.
We present a new and faster internal memory method to compute the drainage network, that is, the flow direction and accumulation on terrains represented by raster elevation matrix. The main idea is to surround the ter...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783642290633
We present a new and faster internal memory method to compute the drainage network, that is, the flow direction and accumulation on terrains represented by raster elevation matrix. The main idea is to surround the terrain by water (as an island) and then to raise the outside water level step by step, with depressions filled when the water reaches their boundary. This process avoids the very time-consuming depression filling step used by most of the methods to compute flow routing, that is, the flow direction and accumulated flow. The execution time of our method is very fast, and linear in the terrain size. Tests have shown that our method can process large terrains more than 100 times faster than other recent methods.
The integration of the 3rd dimension in the production of spatial representation is largely recognized as a valuable approach to comprehend our reality, that is 3D. During the last decade developments in 3D Geoinforma...
ISBN:
(纸本)3642297927;9783642297922
The integration of the 3rd dimension in the production of spatial representation is largely recognized as a valuable approach to comprehend our reality, that is 3D. During the last decade developments in 3D geoinformation (GI) system have made substantial progress. We are about to have a more complete spatial model and understanding of our planet in different scales. Hence, various communities and cities offer 3D landscape and 3D city models as valuable source and instrument for sustainable management of rural and urban resources. Also municipal utilities, real estate companies benefit from recent developments related to 3D applications. In order to present recent developments and to discuss future trends, academics and practitioners met at the 7th International Workshop on 3D geoinformation. This book comprises a selection of evaluated, high quality papers that were presented at this workshop in May 2012. The topics focus explicitly on the last achievements (methods, algorithms, models, systems) with respect to 3D geoinformation requirements. The book is aimed at decision makers and experts as well at students interested in the 3D component of geographical information science including GI engineers, computer scientists, photogrammetrists, land surveyors, urban planners, and mapping specialists.
There is an increasing presence of geospatial datasets in the Linked Open Data cloud. However, these datasets are published like data silos and the value of the Web of Data depends, among other properties, on the amou...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783642290633
There is an increasing presence of geospatial datasets in the Linked Open Data cloud. However, these datasets are published like data silos and the value of the Web of Data depends, among other properties, on the amount and quality of links between data sources. One of the most overlooked problems to date in the linking process is to ensure that two different resources (identified with URIs) are actually referring to the same physical thing, that is, the co-reference problem. In this paper we present a co-reference resolution approach that is composed of a set of heuristics for interlinking geospatial Linked Data. We have used these heuristics to connect resources from *** and DBpedia.
In order to discuss in detail the environment and urban systems, it is necessary to consider not only static physical objects like buildings, but also the spatiotemporal aspects like the distribution of population. Th...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783642290633
In order to discuss in detail the environment and urban systems, it is necessary to consider not only static physical objects like buildings, but also the spatiotemporal aspects like the distribution of population. This paper aims to construct models that describe the spatiotemporal distribution of population in urban areas. The models are composed of parameters describing the number of persons per unit floor-area of buildings, which varies according to the time fluctuation factors and the location factors, and are calibrated using a person trip survey data and GIS data. We discuss the characteristics of the spatiotemporal distribution of population and the accuracy of the models, and demonstrate that the proposed models can benefit all phases of urban planning, which include risk assessment and disaster management.
This paper presents an algorithmic approach to the problem of finding symmetries in building footprints. The problem is motivated by map generalization tasks, for example, symmetry-preserving building simplification a...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783642197895
This paper presents an algorithmic approach to the problem of finding symmetries in building footprints. The problem is motivated by map generalization tasks, for example, symmetry-preserving building simplification and symmetry-aware grouping and aggregation. Moreover, symmetries in building footprints may be used for landmark selection and building classification. The presented method builds up on existing methods for symmetry detection in polygons that use algorithms for string matching. It detects both axial symmetries and repetitions of geometric structures. In addition to the existing string-matching approaches to symmetry detection, we consider the problem of finding partial symmetries in polygons while allowing for small geometric errors. Moreover, we discuss how to find optimally adjusted mirror axes and to assess the quality of a detected mirror axis using a least-squares approach. The presented approach was tested on a large building data set of the metropolitan Boston area. The dominant symmetry relations were found. Future work is needed to aggregate the obtained symmetry relations, for example, by finding sets of mirror axes that are almost collinear. Another open problem is the integration of information on symmetry relations into algorithms for map generalization.
Progressive transmission represents a viable solution to the challenges presented by the transmission of large vector data sets over the Internet. Previous implementations have considered progressive transmission as t...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783642197895
Progressive transmission represents a viable solution to the challenges presented by the transmission of large vector data sets over the Internet. Previous implementations have considered progressive transmission as the reverse of map generalization. In an adaptive or selective progressive transmission strategy, the order of transmission can vary between clients and generally will not equal the reverse of the corresponding generalization. In this context, we propose that generalization can only represent a pre-processing step to a distinct selective progressive transmission process. One of the greatest challenges in implementation of such an approach is determining topological equivalence with the original map. We propose this problem may be represented in the form of three challenges. We perform a formal mathematical analysis of solutions to these challenges and present a corresponding implementation.
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