This paper presents the design and implementation of an OGC (Open Geospatial Consortium) compliant Sensor Observation Service (SOS), which supports spatial queries for mobile sensors. The work was carried out in the s...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783642197895
This paper presents the design and implementation of an OGC (Open Geospatial Consortium) compliant Sensor Observation Service (SOS), which supports spatial queries for mobile sensors. The work was carried out in the scope of the European ESS project, aiming at the development of a mobile geosensor network for supporting operational management in crisis events. Our sensor web service is complemented by a client programming framework which allows for browser-based access to and visualization of mobile sensors. We demonstrate several use cases, including real-time visualization of mobile sensors, spatial queries and value-based filtering. Our performance evaluation shows that the SOS implementation scales up to supporting more than 1900 sensor observations per second, which clearly outperforms other open SOS implementations.
This paper addresses the issue of quality in the context of collaborative edition of spatial content. The overall approach is grounded on the definition of explicit and adequate specifications for such content, i.e. t...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783642197895
This paper addresses the issue of quality in the context of collaborative edition of spatial content. The overall approach is grounded on the definition of explicit and adequate specifications for such content, i.e. the data model, the conceptual model, conventions for data acquisition, possible integrity constraints, possible relationships with external reference data. Explicit specifications could be processed to automatically check when different users simultaneously contribute on the same area. Their definition requires expertness, firstly, to ensure spatial content consistency and, secondly, to establish relevant relationships with external reference data. Designing these specifications is not an easy task for contributors. Hence, the focus of this paper is to assist them in this task. We propose a generic process to automatically produce specification items such as feature types, attribute types, and relationship types, including possible relationship types with external reference data from a set of keywords. It exploits information from two different kinds of existing contents: user generated content (like Wikipedia) and more conventional content (like WordNet and NMA databases). It has been applied to keywords found in existing user generated spatial contents.
It is known that geography-aware keyword queries correspond to a significant share of the users' demand on search engines. This paper describes a strategy for tagging documents with place names according to the ge...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783642197895
It is known that geography-aware keyword queries correspond to a significant share of the users' demand on search engines. This paper describes a strategy for tagging documents with place names according to the geographical context of their textual content by using a topic indexing technique that considers Wikipedia articles as a controlled vocabulary. By identifying those topics in the text, we connect documents with the Wikipedia semantic network of articles allowing us to perform operations on Wikipedia's graph and find related places. We present an experimental evaluation on documents tagged as Brazilian states demonstrating the feasibility of our proposal and opening the way to further research geotagging based on semantic networks.
The spatial correlation analysis is proposed to analyze urban activities quantitatively. This paper describes an extension of spatial correlation analysis defined in a two-dimensional Euclidean space to a road-network...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783642197895
The spatial correlation analysis is proposed to analyze urban activities quantitatively. This paper describes an extension of spatial correlation analysis defined in a two-dimensional Euclidean space to a road-network space. We discuss a method for applying spatial correlation analysis to a road-network space and illustrate the details of computation methods. By using actual GIS data as numerical examples, a comparison of the results from the Euclidean distance and the network distance is shown. Also, we demonstrate some case studies using a variety of computation methods.
There is an ongoing discussion among the members of the GI educational community about the possibility to find a common way to describe a course taught as part of a GI curriculum (anywhere in the world) with the final...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783642197895
There is an ongoing discussion among the members of the GI educational community about the possibility to find a common way to describe a course taught as part of a GI curriculum (anywhere in the world) with the final goal of being able to automatically identify similar courses and define their equivalence. EduMapping is such an initiative that started recently, which used the BoK concepts as its basic labeling scheme. Based on this work we extended the analysis provided by the EduMapping initiative by suggesting and applying an analytical method that is capable of clustering the courses into classes based on (dis)similarity metrics, which are in turn calculated based on the course assessments done by their instructors using the BoK concepts. In this paper, we present and discuss the preliminary results obtained while applying the suggested method on the EduMapping data. We also provide some pointers for further research in an area that has very few contributions so far.
Sketch maps are drawn from memories and they are in general schematized and distorted. However, the schematizations and distortions are not random. They are a consequence during the cognitive process of perceiving, me...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783642197895
Sketch maps are drawn from memories and they are in general schematized and distorted. However, the schematizations and distortions are not random. They are a consequence during the cognitive process of perceiving, memorizing, and producing spatial layout. This paper describes an empirical study to investigate the impact of distortions on similarity perception. The study is designed as a human-subjects experiment of similarity ranking with two scenarios. Subjects were presented with 45 sketch maps and one reference map in each scenario;they were asked to rank the sketch maps according to their similarities with the reference map. The results of the experiment are used to develop a cognitively motivated alignment strategy for computer-based comparison of sketch maps and metric maps.
We employ a batch generalization process for obtaining a variable-scale planar partition. We describe an algorithm to simplify the boundary lines after a map generalization operation (either a merge or a split operati...
ISBN:
(纸本)9783642197895
We employ a batch generalization process for obtaining a variable-scale planar partition. We describe an algorithm to simplify the boundary lines after a map generalization operation (either a merge or a split operation) has been applied on a polygonal area and its neighbours. The simplification is performed simultaneously on the resulting boundaries of the new polygonal areas that replace the areas that were processed. As the simplification strategy has to keep the planar partition valid, we define what we consider to be a valid planar partition (among other requirements, no zero-sized areas and no unwanted intersections in the boundary polylines). Furthermore, we analyse the effects of the line simplification for the content of the data structures in which the planar partition is stored.
During recent years, the interest in the exploitation of mobility information has increased significantly. Along with these interests, new demands on mobility data sets have been posed. One particular demand is the ev...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783642197895
During recent years, the interest in the exploitation of mobility information has increased significantly. Along with these interests, new demands on mobility data sets have been posed. One particular demand is the evaluation of movement data on a high level of spatial detail. The high dimensionality of geographic space, however, makes this requirement hard to fulfill. Even large mobility studies cannot guarantee to comprise all movement variation on a high level of detail. In this paper, we present an approach to increase the variability of movement data on a microscopic scale in order to achieve a better representation of population movement. Our approach consists of two steps. First, we perform a spatial aggregation of trajectory data in order to counteract sparseness and to preserve movement on a macroscopic scale. Second, we disaggregate the data in geographic space based on traffic distribution knowledge using repeated simulation. Our approach is applied in a real-world business application for the German outdoor advertising industry to measure the performance of poster sites.
To predict and respond to famine and other forms of food insecurity, different early warning systems are using remote analyses of crop condition and agricultural production by using satellite-based information. To imp...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783642197895
To predict and respond to famine and other forms of food insecurity, different early warning systems are using remote analyses of crop condition and agricultural production by using satellite-based information. To improve these predictions, a reliable estimation of the cultivated area at a national scale must be carried out. In this study, we developed a data mining methodology for extracting cultivated domain patterns based on their temporal behavior as captured in time-series of moderate resolution remote sensing MODIS images.
Land fragmentation is a major issue in many rural areas around the world, preventing rational agricultural production and sustainable rural development. Traditionally, land consolidation has been the primary land mana...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783642197895
Land fragmentation is a major issue in many rural areas around the world, preventing rational agricultural production and sustainable rural development. Traditionally, land consolidation has been the primary land management approach for solving this problem. Land reallocation is recognised as the most important, complex, and time-consuming process of land consolidation. It is split into two components: land redistribution and land partitioning. In this paper, we outline a land redistribution model called LandSpaCES (Land Spatial Consolidation Expert System) which is the central module of LACONISS, a LAnd CONsolidation Integrated Support System for planning and decision making. LandSpaCES integrates GIS with an expert system (ES) and is able to generate alternative land redistributions under different scenarios. Two key system concepts are utilised: 'No-Inference Engine Theory (NIET),' which differentiates LandSpaCES from conventional ES development and a parcel priority index (PPI), which constitutes the basic measure that defines the redistribution of land in terms of location. The module has been applied to a case study area in Cyprus and the results compare very favourably against an independent solution derived previously by human experts.
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