作者:
Tarakanov, AlexanderRAS
St Petersburg Inst Informat & Automat St Petersburg 199178 Russia
Based on immunocomputing (IC), this paper proposes a new way for geoinformation fusion, spatio-temporal modeling, and forecast. The approach includes mathematically, rigorous mapping of high-dimensional spatio-tempora...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783642003035
Based on immunocomputing (IC), this paper proposes a new way for geoinformation fusion, spatio-temporal modeling, and forecast. The approach includes mathematically, rigorous mapping of high-dimensional spatio-temporal data into a scalar index, discrete tree transform (DTT) of the index values into states Of Cellular automata (CA), and identification of CA by IC. Numerical examples use official data of International Association for the Development of Freediving (AIDA), World Health Organization (WHO), as well as time series of Solar Influences Data Analysis Center (SIDC) and National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). Anomaly index is also proposed using special the case of DTT. Recent results suggest that the IC approach Outperforms (by training time and accuracy) state-of-the-art approaches Of Computational intelligence.
This paper gives an introduction to concepts for a better expert knowledge extraction for geodata harmonisation. Geodata harmonisation involves overcoming heterogeneities on the syntactic, schematic and se-mantic leve...
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ISBN:
(数字)9783642003189
ISBN:
(纸本)9783642003189
This paper gives an introduction to concepts for a better expert knowledge extraction for geodata harmonisation. Geodata harmonisation involves overcoming heterogeneities on the syntactic, schematic and se-mantic levels, but user interaction is mostly required for the semantic interoperability level. Consequently, the goal is to provide tools to geo-domain experts which allow them to use their knowledge to describe the conceptual schemas of their domain as well as alignments to other domain's conceptual schemas in a sufficiently expressive way without be-coming experts in ontology engineering. We describe an approach for this that includes both visual analysis on the basis of geospatial instances and specific interaction guidance processes. Based on this approach, a prototypical implementation of a tool called the HUMBOLDT Alignment Editor (HALE) is introduced.
The problem of line simplification is a recurrent problem in cartography. The purpose is to remove irrelevant details while emphasising the main features of the line. Most of the current techniques belong to the spati...
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ISBN:
(数字)9783642003189
ISBN:
(纸本)9783642003189
The problem of line simplification is a recurrent problem in cartography. The purpose is to remove irrelevant details while emphasising the main features of the line. Most of the current techniques belong to the spatial domain (least square method, active contour, point selection). However, some techniques applying to the frequency domain (Fourier transform, wavelets) have also been introduced. These latter methods are mostly employed for simplification and compression purposes where information about line features is rarely taken into account, thus limiting their usefulness for cartographic applications. This paper presents the principle of Empirical Mode Decomposition which belongs to the frequency domain. It is used in signal processing to decompose a signal into its different frequencies. The method for line simplification has been studied, showing that line features can be taken into account by introducing a new decomposition method based on the detection of critical points. Results obtained at different levels of detail are discussed. Finally, future directions for work are presented.
To develop measures for minimizing human damage from a devastating earthquake, it is important to understand the characteristics of the population and its spatio-temporal distribution in an urban area. In the present ...
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ISBN:
(数字)9783642003189
ISBN:
(纸本)9783642003189
To develop measures for minimizing human damage from a devastating earthquake, it is important to understand the characteristics of the population and its spatio-temporal distribution in an urban area. In the present paper, a model is constructed that simulates the route selection behavior and the transfer choices of railroad users using a geographic information system. The spatio-temporal distribution of users is estimated by applying the model to the Tokyo metropolitan area, using data collected in a person-trip survey. Some numerical examples using the proposed model are shown for detailed disaster prevention planning. In particular, the number and the spatio-temporal distribution of people with difficulty returning home are discussed.
Spatial and georeferenced information plays an important role in urban land management processes such as spatial planning and environmental management. As many of the processes are increasingly coined by participation...
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ISBN:
(数字)9783642003189
ISBN:
(纸本)9783642003189
Spatial and georeferenced information plays an important role in urban land management processes such as spatial planning and environmental management. As many of the processes are increasingly coined by participation of and collaboration between multiple stakeholders, a common medium capable of integrating different types and sources of spatial information is necessary. It is argued that 3D city models provide such a framework and medium into which heterogeneous information can be integrated. Therefore, the main research question of this contribution is to identify and develop methods for integrating heterogeneous spatial and georeferenced information into 3D city models in the context of urban land management. We present a prototype 3D Land Information System and a use case for the city centre of Potsdam, Germany. In addition, constraints within administrations regarding the systematic, sustainable use of such a system are discussed.
Among all the issues involved in Geographic Information Science, automating the update of 2D building databases is a crucial and challenging issue. Such an update usually starts out with a manual change detection proc...
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ISBN:
(数字)9783642003189
ISBN:
(纸本)9783642003189
Among all the issues involved in Geographic Information Science, automating the update of 2D building databases is a crucial and challenging issue. Such an update usually starts out with a manual change detection process. The main goal of this paper is to present a new method to automate the detection of changes in a 2D building database, starting from satellite images. The workflow of our approach is divided into 2 phases. Primitives, extracted from multiple images or from a correlation Digital Surface Model (DSM), are firstly collected for each building and matched with primitives derived from the existing database to achieve a final decision about acceptance or rejection. A specific algorithm, based on the DSM and a computed Digital Terrain Model (DTM), is subsequently used to extract new buildings. The method is here introduced and tested in two test areas, very different regarding the land use and topography. The outcomes of the method are assessed and show the good performance of our system, especially in terms of completeness, robustness and transferability.
The paper considers the problem of design and analysis of entrusting protocols used within software protection mechanisms, including the protection mechanisms for Geographical Information Systems (GIS). The main goal ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783642003035
The paper considers the problem of design and analysis of entrusting protocols used within software protection mechanisms, including the protection mechanisms for Geographical Information Systems (GIS). The main goal of these mechanisms is to protect software against malicious tampering accomplished by potential intruders. The given protocol set is intended for data exchange between the trusted server and the client program being protected as necessary for the entire protection mechanism function. The paper presents the main Security requirements for the entrusting protocols and their analysis. The model of the intruder attempting to fulfill attacks on the protocol to compromise it as well as issues connected with protocol implementation are considered We propose the general technique to design these types of protocols, including formal methods of protocol construction and analysis. Specifically, besides conventional protocol development methods that embrace the search of possible attacks on the protocol (including formal means), consequent protocol correction, and formal verification, the paper considers the methods of automatic synthesis proposing correct-by-construction protocol design.
The problem of counteracting malicious software (malware) remains a real one in all computer systems, including Geographical Information Systems (GIS), despite the obvious successes of antivirus vendors in technologie...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783642003035
The problem of counteracting malicious software (malware) remains a real one in all computer systems, including Geographical Information Systems (GIS), despite the obvious successes of antivirus vendors in technologies aimed at early recognition of malware propagation, code analysis, and malware rapid updating of databases The basic issue of that problem is the quality of heuristic detection methods. The goal of these methods is to provide recognition of unknown malware samples, therefore heuristic detection is the last defense line of any critical object in IT infrastructure. The paper is devoted to the application of data mining methods to heuristic detector development The offered approach differs from existing ones by cyclic interactive covert processing of behavioral information, and integrated use of different methods of data mining for various classes of malware. The paper discusses research into how a family of different data mining methods based on Bayes approach, decision trees and neural networks were implemented and investigated. The paper proposes a general integrated approach to realization of malware detection methods.
The paper presents a web-based Geographic Information System (GIS) for assessment and visualization of Critical Infrastructure (CI) and its hazards which was developed by the Department of Geoinformatics at Gdansk Uni...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783642003035
The paper presents a web-based Geographic Information System (GIS) for assessment and visualization of Critical Infrastructure (CI) and its hazards which was developed by the Department of Geoinformatics at Gdansk University of Technology for the City of Gdansk. The system allows spatial processing and mapping of various CI analysis results, with the CI analysis module based oil the CARVER2 (TM) technology adapted to particular requirements of the Gdansk City Hall Crisis Management Department (CMD). The system works as an integrated solution for both Visualization of hazard scenarios and a team-enabled environment for information analysis and sharing among geographically distributed decision makers. The paper focuses oil the sample applications with reference to the analysis, Visualization, and mapping in a geographical context of several threat scenarios, such as blast attack, chemical attack, and toxic leakage as well as the spatial distribution of critical infrastructure components in Gdansk, Poland.
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