Landslide is a kind of serious geologic disaster. It's very important to monitor the deformation of the landslide area that threatens the lives or constructions. There are some successful applications in deformati...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783540721086;9783540721062
Landslide is a kind of serious geologic disaster. It's very important to monitor the deformation of the landslide area that threatens the lives or constructions. There are some successful applications in deformation monitoring using GPS. In certain circumstance, the continuous observation and real-time 3D coordinates with high precision can be carried out automatically using GPS. However, most of the landslide areas lie in canyons where the signals from GPS satellites are sheltered seriously. So in this case, to get precise and reliable results in deformation monitoring using GPS is a problem which needs being discussed and solved. In this paper, the landslides monitoring project in the Kala Reservoir area using GPS in China is introduced firstly. The design of deformation monitoring GPS network and the data processing method are discussed subsequently. The results of the deformation monitoring indicate that the requirements of the project are accomplished.
This paper presents a new automatic system for fast generation of multi-scale colour 2D and 3D satellite images and for online dynamic visualization of the 2D and 3D information of the areas of interest. Medium-resolu...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783540721086
This paper presents a new automatic system for fast generation of multi-scale colour 2D and 3D satellite images and for online dynamic visualization of the 2D and 3D information of the areas of interest. Medium-resolution satellite images such as Landsat 7 and high-resolution satellite images such as Ikonos or QuickBird are the main data sources for the multi-scale 2D and 3D images. Since Landsat imagery has a global coverage and the Ikonos and QuickBird images can be acquired quickly for the areas of interest, the generation and online visualization of global colour 2D and 3D satellite images at different scales is possible. Ground objects from mountain ranges, such as Rocky Mountains, to individual family houses and trees can be dynamically visualized and analyzed in 2D and 3D through the Internet. The system presents a great potential for fast and effective visualizing, monitoring, and analyzing disaster situations in 2D and 3D within a short time period, which can provide decision makers with important information for emergency response and disaster management. The concept of the 3D satellite image generation and online dynamic visualization are presented in this paper. Some examples on the potential of using online 3D for disaster management are given.
Maritime traffic analysis is growing in importance for many reasons: risk management, accident prevention and response planning. Since most decisions are location-sensitive, one important consideration in maritime tra...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783540721086;9783540721062
Maritime traffic analysis is growing in importance for many reasons: risk management, accident prevention and response planning. Since most decisions are location-sensitive, one important consideration in maritime traffic analysis involves maritime risk analysis, including spatial analysis to identify hot spots. Hot spots areas are concentrations of incidents within a limited geographical area that appear over time. In recent years, information - particularly spatially referenced information - and the tools for information analysis have become increasingly recognized as an essential part of the policy-making and decision-making processes to make the descriptive, explanatory, predictive and risk prevention models. The increasing power of computing hardware and software and the increasing sophistication of the analytical geomatics techniques mean that new opportunities are available for spatial analysis to improve the quality of risk prevention plans. Recent studies have shown that geospatial information is of fundamental importance to maritime risk analysis providing efficient risk management and GISs represent a powerful new technology that can address many information needs of risk managers and decision makers working with geographically referenced data. This study used the increased capabilities offered by Geomatics techniques and geographic information systems to identify hazardous locations for maritime traffic in Canadian Atlantic waters. This research uses spatial analysis to examine risks associated with maritime commercial fishing vessels activities and incidents.
The development of NEXRAD weather radar products has greatly advanced the capacity to forecast and provide warnings of severe weather conditions over large areas in a time-efficient manner. However, most studies in th...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783540721086;9783540721062
The development of NEXRAD weather radar products has greatly advanced the capacity to forecast and provide warnings of severe weather conditions over large areas in a time-efficient manner. However, most studies in the literature are conducted within the U. S. This study evaluates the reliability of NEXRAD precipitation data and rain gauge measurements in Eastern Ontario, Canada, for potential flood monitoring and water budget analysis. Five-month daily rainfall data from NEXRAD and rain gauge measurements were collected and generated for two Eastern Ontario conservation authority regions. The NEXRAD data was evaluated using rain gauge measurements as the reference. A good correlation (0.78) exists between the daily NEXRAD precipitation data and rain gauge measurements, especially for heavier rainfalls. The result also shows that 62% of radar precipitation data underestimates the daily precipitation. This underestimate is more common when the rainfall is small. The evaluation of spatial patterns of rainfall suggests that radar precipitation shows a more continuous pattern than the interpolated surfaces from rain gauges. Considering that small rainfall events contribute a relatively small portion of the total precipitation, NEXRAD products can play an important role in real-time flood monitoring and water budget analysis during heavy rainfall events in Canadian regions within the working range distance of the NEXRAD system.
This paper highlights application challenges for GIS interoperability for emergency management with emphasis on critical infrastructure sectors. In the first part, this paper provides a comparative analysis of emergen...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783540721086;9783540721062
This paper highlights application challenges for GIS interoperability for emergency management with emphasis on critical infrastructure sectors. In the first part, this paper provides a comparative analysis of emergency management operations in the City of Vancouver;the City of Toronto, the Kitchener Waterloo Region, and the Dufferin County. A variety of qualitative research methods were employed for gathering information from key decision-makers involved with emergency management. The second part of this paper presents a scenario-based case study, which aims to provide a demonstration of the utility of GIS interoperability, for disaster management. This paper also discusses the strengths and weaknesses of leveraging GIS interoperability for disaster management.
Remotely sensed data, ranging from satellite imagery, airborne laser scanner data, and aerial photograph, play more and more important roles in environmental monitoring, emergency response, and disaster assessment. Am...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783540721086;9783540721062
Remotely sensed data, ranging from satellite imagery, airborne laser scanner data, and aerial photograph, play more and more important roles in environmental monitoring, emergency response, and disaster assessment. Among the products of the broad range of applications, raster base maps, which are generated from various sources of remote sensing data, are becoming very critical for effective and efficient disaster management. The raster base maps can provide detailed topographic, land-use and land-cover information on the earth's surface in a short period or near real time. With the growing requirements of such raster base maps, the techniques which can be used for automatically correcting raw data and generating digital maps are urgently required. This paper presents a system that consists of a set of processing steps to georeference and merge many satellite or aerial images together in order to quickly map a large geographic region. The periodic processing results can be compared and analyzed for monitoring a large emergency area. The technique makes full use of georeference and sensor model information, such as ephemeris data, geometric model, and/or GPS/INS navigation and positioning information, to automatically register and orthorectify the raw image data. Through mosaicking process, a seamless mosaicking image or image tiles is produced, which will be in a selected map projection system with consistent spatial resolution. Additionally, semi-automatic and manual editing can be performed to produce a standard map to satisfy the requirements of mapping agencies.
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