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检索条件"丛书名=Lecture Notes in Geoinformation and Cartography"

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An ontological-based approach to Geographic Information Science curricula design

An ontological-based approach to Geographic Information Scie...

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10th Conference of the Association-of-Geographic-Information-Laboratories-for-Europe (AGILE)

作者： Painho, Marco Curvelo, Paula Jovani, Ignacio Univ Nova Lisboa Inst Stat & Informat Management P-1070312 Lisbon Portugal

ISBN: (纸本)9783540723844

The growing recognition of the crucial role geographic information plays within the Knowledge Society, the recent advances on geographic information technologies, the continuous demand for professionals in these areas and the use of new information and communication technologies in teaching and learning processes, are all factors which concur for a better systematization of Geographic Information Science Curricula in order to improve its accessibility and efficiency. The program contents, the teaching methods to be implemented, the policies context and the underlying notion of curriculum, have led to the establishment of a Curricula Development Model that is trying to answer a set of challenges/opportunities situated at different levels (pedagogical, educational, political-institutional and technological). The ontological-based approach translates the concern with integration and articulation of the curriculum, and the need for the development of a properly documented and structured methodology that allows for the definition and explanation of the processes considered fundamental for an effective improvement and innovation of wide-ranging curricula in this area.

关键词： Geographic Information Science Bologna Process Curricula Development Model Learning Paths Visualization Tools GIScience Ontology

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3D Dynamic Simulation within GIS in Support of Disaster Management

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3rd International Symposium on Geomatics for Disaster and Risk Management (Gi4DM2007)

作者： Beni, L. Hashemi Mostafavi, M. A. Pouliot, J. Univ Laval Dept Geomat Sci Quebec City PQ G1K 7P4 Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9783540721086;9783540721062

Modeling and simulation of dynamic phenomena helps specialists and decision makers to better understand, analyze, and predict natural disasters to reduce the related damages. Hence, several models and simulation approaches have been developed with their own strengths and limitations. One important factor which has to be taken into account when dealing with a disaster is its dynamic behavior and its geometrical and topological representation. Geographic information systems are very well adapted for spatial data organization, visualization, querying, and analysis, and may be helpful in the context of simulation and modeling of spatial phenomena (e.g. floods). However, regarding the three dimensional and dynamic nature of spatial data related to a disaster ( which changes with respect to space and time), several complexities are added to the entire process of simulation using the existing GIS. In order to use GIS as a suitable platform to implement the simulation of disaster phenomena, GIS must be improved;adding the ability to manage and model the 3D and dynamic properties of spatial data (i.e. a truly 3D GIS), as the data structures of the current GIS are static. This research work is an attempt to overcome the current GIS limitations to simulating such natural phenomenon by proposing a 3D dynamic data structure. This structure is based on 3D Delaunay tetrahedralization that deals with objects and field representation of space at the same time, and provides an on-the-fly interactive topological mesh for numerical simulation. This means that cell ( or element) size and shape depend on the distribution of the data and it is possible to do local on-the-fly updating of topology after any movement or change in 3D space. In order to analyze the different capabilities of the proposed data structure, its application to flood simulation is discussed at the end of the paper.

关键词： Geographic information systems

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Improving Spatial Data Usability By Capturing User Interactions

Improving Spatial Data Usability By Capturing User Interacti...

引用

10th Conference of the Association-of-Geographic-Information-Laboratories-for-Europe (AGILE)

作者： Mac Aoidh, E. Bertolotto, M. UCD Dublin Sch Comp Sci & Informat Dublin Ireland

ISBN: (纸本)9783540723844

In this paper we present a flexible architecture for both desktop and mobile systems designed to measure users' implicit levels of interest in spatial information, based on their mouse movements. Users interact with spatial objects through a GIS interface. Our system monitors their actions and compares the spatial location of their mouse interactions during a session to the underlying spatial information displayed to the user. By making this comparison we implicitly determine a user's interests and disinterests. This information can be used to build up a user profile on a session by session basis, allowing the system to personalise future datasets to present to the user based on his profile, reducing information overload, and increasing the ratio of user-relevant content. The case study for our system concerns archaeological information for burial tombs in the ancient city of Tarquinia.

关键词： Implicit profiling mouse movements User modelling personalisation

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3D Graphics Applied to Maritime Safety 1

引用

International Workshop on Information Fusion and Geographical Information Systems

作者： Gold, Christopher Goralski, Rafal Univ Glamorgan Sch Comp Pontypridd CF37 1DL M Glam Wales

ISBN: (数字)9783540376293

ISBN: (纸本)9783540376286

An important aspect of maritime safety involves the visualisation of the situation close to any particular ship, so that appropriate action may be taken. While many features may be seen directly from the bridge, bad lighting and weather may obscure them, and much of the necessary information is only available on charts or in pilot books. It seems clear that an integration of all these within a single simple view would improve maritime safety. We have developed a visualization system, based on a laptop PC, that gives a 3D-games type navigational view. We believe that the resulting 3D model provides new facilities for ship navigation, and may be introduced very economically for many types of shipping. The combination of basic GIS concepts with 3D modelling, user interaction and real-time data could contribute significantly to future maritime safety.

关键词： Marine GIS Maritime Safety Kinetic Data Structures Voronoi Diagram 3D Visualization AIS ECDIS ENC Marine Charts

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The Aggregation of Urban Building Clusters Based on the Skeleton Partitioning of Gap Space

The Aggregation of Urban Building Clusters Based on the Skel...

引用

10th Conference of the Association-of-Geographic-Information-Laboratories-for-Europe (AGILE)

作者： Ai, Tinghua Zhang, Xiang Wuhan Univ Sch Resource & Environm Sci Wuhan Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9783540723844

This paper presents a model for building cluster distribution analysis based on the Delaunay triangulation skeleton. The skeleton connection within the gap area among the building polygons obtains a special geometric construction similar to Voronoi diagram that spatially partitions the gap area equally. Each building polygon is surrounded by a partitioning polygon which can be regarded as the growth region of inner building. Based on this model, several cluster structure variables can be computed, such as the distribution density, the topological neighbour, the adjacent distance and the adjacent direction. Considering the constraints of position accuracy, statistical area balance, orthogonal shape in building generalization, the study presents a progressive algorithm of building cluster aggregation, including the conflict detection (where), the object (who) displacement and the geometric combination (how). The algorithm has been realized in a generalization system and some experiment illustrations are provided in the paper.

关键词： Map generalization Building aggregation Polygon cluster Delaunay triangulation

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A Study of Air Quality Impacts on Upper Respiratory Tract Diseases

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International Conference in GIS and Health

作者： Hsieh, Huey-hong Hwang, Bing-fang Cheng, Shin-jen Wang, Yu-ming Diwan Coll Management Dept Environm & Resources Engn Madou Taiwan China Med Univ Hlth Coll Pub Hlth Sch Grad Inst Occuption Saf Taichung Taiwan Diwan Coll Manage Tainan Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9783540713180;9783540713173

Upper respiratory tract (URT) diseases are highly related to air quality. Recent interests have focused on traffic-related air pollution and the potential health effects associated with such exposure. These studies have indicated a strong correlation between air pollution and its related diseases. With advances made in computer technologies, Geographic Information Systems (GIS) nowadays provide useful spatial analysis tools to examine spatial characteristics of air quality. Maps of the spatial distribution of air pollutants can be produced with a GIS to facilitate in-depth studies. Our study incorporated the 2003 Cancer Death Rate (CDR) map provided by the Bureau of National Health Insurance with the air quality data provided by the Environmental Protection Agency to examine the associations between air pollution and upper respiratory tract diseases. First, maps of select air pollutants (NOX, O-3, PM10, SO2 and CO) were produced using the inverse distance weighting interpolation method. Then, a series of statistical analyses were performed to examine the correlation between these pollutants. Finally, a multivariate regression analysis of association was preformed to study the correlation between air pollution and URT diseases. The results indicated a strong correlation between NOX and CO (coefficient of correlation 0.92), and association between these pollutants and URT diseases.

关键词： upper respiratory tract disease air quality multivariate regression

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Obtaining Semantic Descriptions Based on Conceptual Schemas Embedded into a Geographic Context 1

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International Workshop on Information Fusion and Geographical Information Systems

作者： Torres, Miguel Levachkine, Serguei IPN Ctr Res Comp Geoproc Lab Mexico City 07738 DF Mexico

ISBN: (数字)9783540376293

ISBN: (纸本)9783540376286

Information integration and semantic heterogeneity are not trivial tasks. An integrated view must be able to describe various heterogeneous data sources and its interrelation to obtain shared conceptualizations. In this paper, we propose an approach to make a conceptualization of the real world based on conceptual schemas, which are used to generate a semantic description of the geospatial domain. This description attempts to provide the guidelines to formalize the geographic domain in form of geospatial ontologies according to specific contexts. We propose conceptual schemas in order to abstract specific and essential parts of the geospatial domain and to represent schematically which geospatial entities should be collected and how they must be organized. Moreover, we perceive that geographic data modeling requires models more specific and capable of capturing the semantics of geospatial data, offering higher abstraction mechanisms and implementation independence. Therefore, we approach conceptual schemas to describe the contents of the real world abstraction to specify the behavior of the geospatial entities, in which the context plays an important role to guarantee shared and explicit conceptualizations. Our research is mainly oriented to propose an approach related to conceptual issues concerning what would be required to establish ontologies of the geospatial domain. In addition, the work is led to formalize appropriate methods basing on conceptual schemas to represent ontologies of the geospatial domain.

关键词： Ontology

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A "Spatiotemporal Analysis of Heroin Addiction" System for Hong Kong

引用

International Conference in GIS and Health

作者： Pang, Phoebe Tak-ting Phoebe, Lee Leung, Wai-yan Lee, Shui-shan Lin, Hui Chinese Univ Hong Kong Dept Geog & Resource Management Hong Kong Hong Kong Peoples R China Chinese Univ Hong Kong Inst Space & Earth Info Sci Hong Kong Hong Kong Peoples R China Univ Hong Kong Ctr Emerg Inf Dis Hong Kong Hong Kong Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9783540713180;9783540713173

Heroin addiction is a socio-behavioral and medical condition with significant public health implications. It is known that socioeconomic factors and population changes are important forces shaping the pattern of heroin addiction in a community. An understanding of these factors would be useful for the planning of effective intervention strategies. We applied the GIS technology in a study to display heroin addiction data over consecutive years in 18 districts of the territory of Hong Kong. Correlation was made between the proportions of heroin users in each district with the following variables: (a) changes in the local population size and structure;(b) economic attributes, in terms of employment and household income;(c) social factors, notably education levels;and (d) access to drug rehabilitation services, using methadone clinics as the surrogates. The data were obtained from available repository including the Census data, service statistics of methadone clinics, and Central Registry of Drug Abuse. The spatiotemporal framework has enabled analyses from different perspectives. We concluded that despite an overall decline in the number of heroin users in Hong Kong over the years, proportional increases were observed in selected districts. The association with poorer socioeconomic indices was obvious and the coverage of methadone clinics was found to vary from one district to another. The study offered a new means for examining conventional data, which may be useful in fostering public health policy development in the long run.

关键词： GIS heroin addiction methadone clinics spatial analysis

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Increasing public and environmental safety through integrated monitoring and analysis of structural and ground deformations

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3rd International Symposium on Geomatics for Disaster and Risk Management (Gi4DM2007)

作者： Chrzanowski, Adam Szostak-Chrzanowski, Anna Bond, Jason Wilkins, Rick Univ New Brunswick Canadian Ctr Geodet Engn Fredericton NB E3B 5A3 Canada

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A Model of Spatial Data Integration Interoperability on Oracle Spatial

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3rd International Symposium on Geomatics for Disaster and Risk Management (Gi4DM2007)

作者： Zhao, Qiansheng Huang, Quanyi Guo, Jiming Wen, Renqiang Zhong, Shaobo Wuhan Univ Sch Geodesy & Geomat Wuhan 430079 Peoples R China Tsinghua Univ Ctr Publ Safety Res Beijing 100084 Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9783540721086;9783540721062

An Open GIS Consortium (OGC) white paper said that the future vision for sharing data might look like this: Each of the smaller counties or towns hosts its own online GIS. Each uses software and a data model selected to best meet its local needs, which is the objective of this paper studies to close with. This paper gives a model based on Oracle Spatial, within a local government or enterprise the spatial data is centralized storage, and with metadata interoperability, which enables organizations to use the right tool for the job while eliminating complicated data transfers and multiple copies of the same data throughout the enterprise or department. This paper has realized MapInfo and ArcGIS work together under the same oracle spatial database use trigger and storage process. And at another hand, with the situation of between the departments or enterprises this paper gives a three-tier structure solution: spatial data server, application server and application client. The application server is a mediation system, this model uses oracle application server as the mediation system, and through the application server the application client sends WMS or WFS request and get the map server for background application. The three-tier structure model exposes a GIS portal which is an online GIS for outside of the department. Any client can request the server if it accords with WMS or WFS specification.

关键词： Data integration

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