Many interactivity functions exist in explorative map applications. This chapter provides a typology of these functions with the aim to contribute towards a standardization of the variety of interactive visualization ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783540342380;9783540342373
Many interactivity functions exist in explorative map applications. This chapter provides a typology of these functions with the aim to contribute towards a standardization of the variety of interactive visualization tools. The typology contains 8 types and around 70 particular interactivity functions and is based on an evaluation of existing divisions and categorizations of interactions. The standardization implies a facilitation of both the concept of interfaces and the assessment of realized interfaces. Using the developed structure, two existing applications are evaluated showing the usefulness of the typology.
Cultural heritage management is an excellent application domain for geographical hypermedia information systems. Many people with different tasks and levels of profession like fieldworkers, researchers, project and ca...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783540342380;9783540342373
Cultural heritage management is an excellent application domain for geographical hypermedia information systems. Many people with different tasks and levels of profession like fieldworkers, researchers, project and campaign officers, cultural bureaucrats etc. collaboratively producing and consuming different media like photographs, video, drawings, books, etc. must deal with exact geographic information about moveable or unmovable objects of interest. Implemented information systems must obey all standards in the different domains to overcome classical failures of isolated solutions which do not scale beyond the scope of a single project. We present a conceptual approach which integrates geographic information, multimedia information, cultural heritage information and collaborative aspects in a single information model. This conceptual approach was used to design and implement a web-based information system on top of a single commercial database covering all mentioned aspects. This information system was deployed for a project in the conservation of cultural heritage in Afghanistan to prove the validity of the concepts.
The need for designers to consider the wide range of user preferences and how they (the users) interact with contemporary map information packages is paramount when developing effective interfaces for information acce...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783540342380
The need for designers to consider the wide range of user preferences and how they (the users) interact with contemporary map information packages is paramount when developing effective interfaces for information access, retrieval and use. It is argued that a suite of metaphors, allowing users to choose the most effective access method for their application makes for a more effective package. This chapter describes the theory of the Map Shop, which could be provisioned with maps, videos, books, guides, games and databases of facts and could provide expert tips. The Map Shop can be linked locally or internationally through the Internet and, more specifically, the World Wide Web. From the users' perspective the boundary between discrete and distributed multimedia would be transparent, presenting them with the most current and customised information possible. It also describes the use of the metaphor suite developed as part of the GeoExploratorium, a tool for the provision of geographic information in a manner that is complementary to the map metaphor. Finally, it describes the building of a prototype Virtual Map Shop, a discrete / World Wide Web tool for exploring its use as an innovative geographical information access (virtual) resource.
Safety concerns and economic, environmental, scientific, and sustainable development issues require the monitoring and assessment of the various changes that occur in the geographical space. For knowledge-based decisi...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783540342380;9783540342373
Safety concerns and economic, environmental, scientific, and sustainable development issues require the monitoring and assessment of the various changes that occur in the geographical space. For knowledge-based decision-making and management approaches, spatial change can be better understood through representations, which enhance the cognitive eye-brain process. Work conducted in multiple programs of the Earth Sciences Sector (ESS), Natural Resources Canada is presented. This work aims to develop effective visualization of time-dependent spatial information to assist in the communication and understanding of the various geographic phenomena. Initially, elements and approaches for the effective cartographic representation of spatial changes are discussed. Subsequently, principles for the visualization of change and various modes for change representation are given along with the current web-based technological developments and trends. The visualization concepts and techniques discussed are demonstrated using several examples.
Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) is a w3c recommended standard for xml representation of 2D graphics. As a graphic standard incorporating event listeners it provides an xml standardized approach to interactive web GIS s...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783540342380
Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) is a w3c recommended standard for xml representation of 2D graphics. As a graphic standard incorporating event listeners it provides an xml standardized approach to interactive web GIS services, accessible through client browsers. Geographic hypermedia is characterized by event driven interactive features. SVG provides a feature granularity not possible using older html image interfaces to GIS services. SVG interfaces connect well with other emerging web GIS services such as the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) Web Feature Service (WFS), and Web Map Service (WMS) standards. SVG is a flexible tool for building the gallery of interfaces illustrated in this chapter.
This chapter describes a project that has started in spring 2005 at the University of Twente (UT) in cooperation with the International Institute for Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation (ITC) to provide Loca...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783540342380;9783540342373
This chapter describes a project that has started in spring 2005 at the University of Twente (UT) in cooperation with the International Institute for Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation (ITC) to provide Location Based Services (LBS) for the UT campus. This LBS runs on the existing Wireless Campus system that provides the whole 140 hectare University grounds with WiFi based internet access. The project serves as a testbed for research activities as well as an infrastructure to develop practical use cases upon. The former includes research into wireless LAN positioning techniques, into context awareness of ubiquitous data management systems, and into data dissemination for LBS and mobile applications. A first use case was to provide the participants of SVGopen2005, the 4(th) Annual Conference on Scalable Vector Graphics (August 15-18, 2005) with a location system (called FLAVOUR) to help them navigate the conference locations and locate fellow attendants.
Geographic Knowledge Discovery (GKD) requires systems that support interactive exploration of data without being slowed down by the intricacies of a SQL-type query language and cryptic data structures. GKD requires to...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783540342380;9783540342373
Geographic Knowledge Discovery (GKD) requires systems that support interactive exploration of data without being slowed down by the intricacies of a SQL-type query language and cryptic data structures. GKD requires to compare maps of different phenomena or epochs, to dig into these maps to obtain detailed information, to roll-up data for more global information and to synchronize maps with tables and charts. This can be done by combining the capabilities of GIS with those of OLAP, leading to SOLAP (Spatial OLAP). To enrich the GKD process, we added hypermedia documents to SOLAP. Hypermedia SOLAP provides a more global perception of the situation without requiring the advanced knowledge typically required by Hypermedia GIS. This chapter presents hypermedia SOLAP concepts and gives an example dealing with the erosion of lands and roads.
Recent developments in technology such as mobile computing devices, global positioning systems, and wireless networks provide avenues for the development of innovative educational alternatives to traditional computer ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783540342380
Recent developments in technology such as mobile computing devices, global positioning systems, and wireless networks provide avenues for the development of innovative educational alternatives to traditional computer laboratory exercises. We have created a mobile geographic education (MoGeo) system that places students in the environments they are studying while retaining access to network accessible knowledge repositories and the laboratory instructor. Students can simultaneously gain first-hand experience in the field coupled with planimetric and analytical views created by GIS software. This chapter demonstrates features of the MoGeo system and provides an example of how it is currently being used in the GIScience curriculum in the Department of Geography at The University of Iowa. The framework provided by this system is easily extensible.
The convergence between Geographic Information Science and Hypermedia technology leads to the emergence of a new paradigm, named Geographic Hypermedia (GH). This chapter introduces GH by presenting the underlying conc...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783540342380;9783540342373
The convergence between Geographic Information Science and Hypermedia technology leads to the emergence of a new paradigm, named Geographic Hypermedia (GH). This chapter introduces GH by presenting the underlying concepts and tools;and highlighting the content and types of services that should be provided by a GH system. The chapter also explains the structure of the book and presents an overview of the twenty-four contributions.
Despite the evolving technological developments that have influenced spatial information management and communication, digital cartography has to overcome a number of issues concerning cognition and usability. Hyperma...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783540342380;9783540342373
Despite the evolving technological developments that have influenced spatial information management and communication, digital cartography has to overcome a number of issues concerning cognition and usability. Hypermaps, integrating concepts from geographical information systems and hypermedia systems, have been proposed by many researchers as a promising solution. However, these systems are isolated, without making an attempt for information and services exchange. In this chapter, inspired by previous work on Open Hypermedia Systems, we propose a conceptual reference model for cartographic hypermedia services. As a prerequisite, a number of hypermap systems have been studied, resulting in a set of indispensable requirements.
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