This study explores the use of the Collaborative Learning Agent for Interactive Reasoning (Clair) in a digital collaborative learning activity where interaction takes place via chat. Clair is designed to adaptively fa...
ISBN:
(纸本)9783031642982;9783031642999
This study explores the use of the Collaborative Learning Agent for Interactive Reasoning (Clair) in a digital collaborative learning activity where interaction takes place via chat. Clair is designed to adaptively facilitate productive student dialogue using "talk moves" based on the Academically Productive Talk (APT) framework, a popular approach in related conversational agent studies. In this paper, we detail how Clair, powered by learning analytics, machine learning, and a fuzzy rule-based system, can adaptively trigger talk moves in student dialogue. In an experimental study conducted with n = 9 university student dyads, we assess the impact of Clair's presence on student dialogue productivity. We analyzed the within-subjects differences (with/without Clair) in four key goals of student dialogue productivity: the frequency of (a) students sharing thoughts, (b) orienting and listening, (c) deepening reasoning, and (d) engaging with others' reasoning. Our findings indicate a notable improvement in deepening reasoning (p = .047), highlighting Clair's capability to prompt students to engage in more critical thinking and elaborate on their ideas. Yet, the impact on other goals was less pronounced, suggesting the complexity of facilitating all goals of productivity. This paper demonstrates the potential of integrating learning analytics and fuzzy rules into triggering approaches for collaborative conversational agents, offering a novel approach to adaptively trigger talk moves in student dialogue. The results also underline the need for further refinement in the design and application of such systems to comprehensively support productive student dialogues in collaboration settings.
Word length is a crucial metric in text quantification. Investigations into Mongolian word length motifs have profound implications for broadening Mongolian lexical studies and quantitative linguistics. The present st...
ISBN:
(纸本)9789819705856;9789819705863
Word length is a crucial metric in text quantification. Investigations into Mongolian word length motifs have profound implications for broadening Mongolian lexical studies and quantitative linguistics. The present study adopts a linear sequence perspective, amalgamating the concept of Mongolian word length with motifs. It explores the distribution characteristics of Mongolian word length motifs across five genres-prose, poetry, news, political, and legal. The findings reveal that the distribution of Mongolian word length motifs aligns with the Zipf-Mandelbrot model, and that the distribution of the lengths of Mongolian word length motifs conforms to the Hyperpascal model. These results indicate a regularity in Mongolian word length motifs. Parametric differences are observed in genre distribution, and the fitting results reveal discrepancies among the parameters of the Zipf-Mandelbrot and Hyperpascal models across various genres. It reveals that word length motifs may be employed as indicators for genre classification.
Monitoring human health conditions has always been a significant concern, especially in the operational safety industry, such as civil aviation. Traditional contact-based methods can accurately measure human heartbeat...
ISBN:
(纸本)9783031607271;9783031607288
Monitoring human health conditions has always been a significant concern, especially in the operational safety industry, such as civil aviation. Traditional contact-based methods can accurately measure human heartbeat and other vital sign information but have certain limitations for the users have to wear devices or sensors. Therefore, research has recently been increasingly attracted to non-contact methods such as optical cameras, infrared thermography, and millimeter wave radar. This paper uses Linear Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave (FMCW) mm-wave radar for non-contact measurement of vital signs. Considering the time-varying and frequency-domain sparse characteristics of vital sign signals and the low-sampling number limitation that will be faced in realistic scenarios, the Sparse Iterative Covariance-based Estimation (SPICE) is utilized to estimate the vital sign signals. The SPICE method demonstrated outstanding performance compared to the non-sparsity methods, including Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) or Chirp Z-Transform (CZT), for estimating the human respiratory and heart rates accurately in simulations and experiments, especially under short sampling time and low-sampling number conditions.
This paper examines the evolution of the "X hua" of the newspaper ShenBao and People's Daily through an econometric approach, and describes the manifestation of the "X hua" over time since the ...
ISBN:
(纸本)9789819705856;9789819705863
This paper examines the evolution of the "X hua" of the newspaper ShenBao and People's Daily through an econometric approach, and describes the manifestation of the "X hua" over time since the late Qing Dynasty. The paper finds that the proportion of "X hua" basically did not increase at the stage of ShenBao, but steadily increased at the stage of People's Daily. The number of "X hua" words as a whole showed a tendency to rise and then fall, with no growth before the 1920s, fluctuating and rising after the 1920s, and stabilizing after a sudden drop in the 21st century. In the "X hua", not only nouns and adjectives, but also verbs, distinguishing words, and adverbs can enter the "X" component. It is possible that new multi-syllabic words will enter the "X" slot, but it is expected that few new "X hua" words will appear in the future, and the number of word types will tend to stabilize. The proportion of "X hua" words will continue to increase over the years.
In the field of natural language generation in Chinese, there has been limited attention to question generation tasks, partly due to constraints related to knowledge acquisition. With the increasing popularity of onli...
ISBN:
(纸本)9789819705856;9789819705863
In the field of natural language generation in Chinese, there has been limited attention to question generation tasks, partly due to constraints related to knowledge acquisition. With the increasing popularity of online education, the automatic generation of questions has become a major point in the context of language intelligent education. In this regard, this paper is oriented towards international Chinese language education. This paper constructs a domain knowledge database and utilizes the grid-based language structure parsing framework in conjunction with the domain knowledge database to perform syntactic and semantic analysis on text. In turn, this enables the automatic generation of short-answer questions based on the results of syntactic and semantic analysis, along with pre-defined question keywords, achieving an accuracy rate as high as 94%. This not only provides a high-accuracy domain-specific research model for automatic question generation but also offers high-quality question-answer pairs for second language learning.
Recent studies indicated a trend of quantifying lexical semantic changes with distributional models. In this study, we investigated whether state-of-the-art language models can tell us the story of how a word develope...
ISBN:
(纸本)9789819705856;9789819705863
Recent studies indicated a trend of quantifying lexical semantic changes with distributional models. In this study, we investigated whether state-of-the-art language models can tell us the story of how a word developed its senses over time. Specifically, we exploited the Bert model to obtain sense representations and quantitatively track usage changes after performing sense classification for each occurrence of targets in a historical newspaper dataset(People's Daily(1954-2003). Our experiment provided a positive answer to the research question, as the model has an overall precision score of 91.82% on classifying senses against human judgments. We also charted usage changes of targets, which demonstrates a possible way to (semi-)automatically observe the development of word meanings.
This study examines the existing wake turbulence separation and operational modes in terminal airspace to address the challenges posed by the continuous increase in air traffic volume and the imperative of managing fl...
ISBN:
(纸本)9783031607301;9783031607318
This study examines the existing wake turbulence separation and operational modes in terminal airspace to address the challenges posed by the continuous increase in air traffic volume and the imperative of managing flight punctuality. It introduces and evaluates aircraft Self-Separation technology, which leverages wake vortex awareness, detailing its development status, existing challenges, benefits, and drawbacks. The paper concludes by identifying key technical and scientific challenges, offering insights for the strategic decision-making of relevant authorities.
Acquiring speech data is a crucial step in the development of speech recognition systems and related speech-based machine learning models. However, protecting privacy is an increasing concern that must be addressed. T...
ISBN:
(纸本)9783031705656;9783031705663
Acquiring speech data is a crucial step in the development of speech recognition systems and related speech-based machine learning models. However, protecting privacy is an increasing concern that must be addressed. This study investigates voice conversion (VC) as a strategy for anonymizing the speech of individuals with dysarthria. We specifically focus on training a variety of VC models using self-supervised speech representations, such as Wav2Vec and its multi-lingual variant, Wav2Vec2.0 (XLSR). The converted voices maintain a word error rate that is within 1% with respect to the original recordings. The Equal Error Rate (EER) showed a significant increase, from 1.52% to 41.18% on the LibriSpeech test set, and from 3.75% to 42.19% on speakers from the VCTK corpus, indicating a substantial decrease in speaker verification performance. A similar trend is observed with dysarthric speech, where the EER varied from 16.45% to 43.46%. Additionally, our study includes classification experiments on dysarthric vs. healthy speech data to demonstrate that anonymized voices can still yield speech features essential for distinguishing between healthy and pathological speech. The impact of voice conversion is investigated by covering aspects such as articulation, prosody, phonation, and phonology.
The rapid development in the field of natural language processing (NLP) and the increasing complexity of linguistic tasks demand the use of efficient and effective methods. Cross-lingual linear transformations between...
ISBN:
(纸本)9783031705625;9783031705632
The rapid development in the field of natural language processing (NLP) and the increasing complexity of linguistic tasks demand the use of efficient and effective methods. Cross-lingual linear transformations between semantic spaces play a crucial role in this domain. However, compared to more advanced models such as transformers, linear transformations often fall short, especially in terms of accuracy. It is thus necessary to employ innovative approaches that not only enhance performance but also maintain low computational complexity. In this study, we propose Kernel Least Squares (KLS) for linear transformation between semantic spaces. In our comprehensive analysis involving three intrinsic and two extrinsic experiments across six languages from three different language families and a comparative evaluation with nine different linear transformation methods, we demonstrate the superior performance of KLS. Our results show that the proposed method significantly improves word translation accuracy, thereby standing out as the most efficient method for transforming only the source semantic space.
Pilot workload has always been one of the most crucial safety-related factors in flight. In airworthiness regulation, the minimum flight crew in flight deck should be determined based on the workload on individual cre...
ISBN:
(纸本)9783031607301;9783031607318
Pilot workload has always been one of the most crucial safety-related factors in flight. In airworthiness regulation, the minimum flight crew in flight deck should be determined based on the workload on individual crew members. In order to establish the comprehensive flight scenes to demonstrate the workload, a method called FEMAS was proposed, which including five dimensions (FHA based, experience of similar models, abnormal procedures, MMEL requirements, and specific environment conditions) and one integration process. The method was implement in one type of aircraft airworthiness certification phase, and 27 scenarios were determined to be carried out in total.
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