This paper presents a project named "SpaceXR" that harmonizes data science, astronomy, and Virtual Reality (VR) technology to deliver an immersive and interactive educational tool. It is designed to cater to...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783031610462;9783031610479
This paper presents a project named "SpaceXR" that harmonizes data science, astronomy, and Virtual Reality (VR) technology to deliver an immersive and interactive educational tool. It is designed to cater to a diverse audience, including students, academics, space enthusiasts, and professionals, offering an easily accessible platform through VR headsets. This innovative VR application offers a data-driven representation of celestial bodies, including planets and the sun within our solar system, guided by data from the NASA and Gaia databases. The VR application empowers users with interactive capabilities encompassing scaling, time manipulation, and object highlighting. The potential applications span from elementary educational contexts, such as teaching the star system in astronomy courses, to advanced astronomical research scenarios, like analyzing spectral data of celestial objects identified by Gaia and NASA. By adhering to emerging software development practices and employing a variety of conceptual frameworks, this project yields a fully immersive, precise, and user-friendly 3D VRapplication that relies on accurate, publicly available databases to map celestial objects.
Continuously monitoring student progress is predictive of student academic success but challenging for teachers in online courses. Although several teaching analytics dashboards (TADs) were developed, a lack of eviden...
ISBN:
(纸本)9783031723117;9783031723124
Continuously monitoring student progress is predictive of student academic success but challenging for teachers in online courses. Although several teaching analytics dashboards (TADs) were developed, a lack of evidence of their impact and effectiveness on teaching and learning remains. Among the reasons stressed in earlier research, scholars pointed out: limited engagement of teachers in the design and development process of TADs, their busy schedules, their lack of data literacy, and neglect of pedagogical aspects. This paper presents a TAD which was developed to address the existing challenges, and its evaluation in higher education courses. Task-Technology Fit theory was used to evaluate teachers' use of the TAD. The results show that the real-time TAD enables teachers to make in-time interventions to motivate low-performance students and to make changes in learning design while the course was occurring. Allowing teachers to use the TAD in running courses provides evidence of the tool use in a real-world context, which has been recognized as lacking in the field. Practical lessons are indicated for both the development process and the dashboard itself.
Operator precedence languages (OPL) enjoy the local parsability property, which essentially means that a code fragment enclosed within a pair of markers-playing the role of parentheses-can be compiled with no knowledg...
ISBN:
(数字)9783031661594
ISBN:
(纸本)9783031661587;9783031661594
Operator precedence languages (OPL) enjoy the local parsability property, which essentially means that a code fragment enclosed within a pair of markers-playing the role of parentheses-can be compiled with no knowledge of its external context. Such a property has been exploited to build parallel compilers for languages formalized as OPLs. It has been observed, however, that when the syntax trees of the sentences have a linear substructure, its parsing must necessarily proceed sequentially making it impossible to split such a subtree into chunks to be processed in parallel. Such an inconvenience is due to the fact that so far much literature on OPLs has assumed the hypothesis that the equality precedence relation cannot be cyclic. We present an enriched version of operator precedence grammars which allows to remove the above hypothesis, therefore providing a little more expressive generality, and to further optimize parallel compilation.
Online Judges (OJs) have gained substantial traction in programming education due to their ability to simultaneously present problem-solving challenges to students while offering instant feedback and correction. Such ...
ISBN:
(纸本)9783031723148;9783031723155
Online Judges (OJs) have gained substantial traction in programming education due to their ability to simultaneously present problem-solving challenges to students while offering instant feedback and correction. Such technologies are also essential to allow students in remote areas to access quality and equitable education. Nonetheless, OJ systems often lack sufficient amounts of annotated data (i.e., labelled data) about the topics of the problems that they aim to support, which makes choosing appropriate problems hard. Topic annotations hold significant value for instructors when selecting problems for assignments and for novice students seeking independent use of OJ systems. In this work, we propose and evaluate a pre-trained deep learning architecture and an active learning methodology to automatically annotate OJ problems in the context of introductory programming. Our results show that, when using a smaller amount of data, the methodology demonstrates performance comparable to those of the existing state-of-the-art methods for the identical task.
There is a global sensemaking going on regarding new decentralizing technologies, with labels like blockchain, SSI and Web3 facilitating the discourse. Like many other institutions, governments are engaging in early i...
ISBN:
(纸本)9783031702730;9783031702747
There is a global sensemaking going on regarding new decentralizing technologies, with labels like blockchain, SSI and Web3 facilitating the discourse. Like many other institutions, governments are engaging in early innovation processes to learn what role they can and will play. There are, however, many ways that groups of government actors can make sense of such innovation. Based on a qualitative, interpretative, case study of two different types of government organizations (a state agency and a municipality) I show that early innovation with new decentralizing technologies can be framed differently by government actors along several dimensions: 1) application vs. infrastructure, 2) incremental vs. future oriented, 3) technology as driver vs. technology as trigger, 4) use case vs. institutional design, and 5) low vs. high material engagement. From this I propose a concept of innovation frames in public sector innovation. With this concept I contribute to knowledge on early innovation work with technologies that are new-to-the-world, and where the potential scope is wider than organizational processes. The insights overall inform future research on public sector innovation as it highlights the importance of being sensitive to early phases, the novelty of technology, and infrastructural change.
With the ever greater adaptation of blockchain systems, smart contract based ecosystems have formed to provide financial services and other utility. This results in an ever increasing demand for transactions on blockc...
ISBN:
(纸本)9783031477508;9783031477515
With the ever greater adaptation of blockchain systems, smart contract based ecosystems have formed to provide financial services and other utility. This results in an ever increasing demand for transactions on blockchains, however, the amount of transactions per second on a given ledger is limited. Layer-2 systems attempt to improve scalability by taking transactions off-chain, with building blocks that are two party channels which are concatenated to form networks. Interaction between two parties requires (1) routing such a network, (2) interaction with and collateral from all intermediaries on the routed path and (3) interactions are often more limited compared to what can be done on the ledger. In contrast to that design, recent constructions such as Hydra Heads (FC'21) are both multi-party and isomorphic, allowing interactions to have the same expressiveness as on the ledger making it akin to a ledger located on Layer-2. The follow up Interhead Construction (MARBLE'22) further extends the protocol to connect Hydra Heads into networks by means of a "virtual" Hydra Head construction. This work puts forth an even greater generalization of the Interhead Protocol, allowing for interaction across different Layer-2 ledgers with a multitude of improvements. As concrete example, our design is modular and lightweight, which makes it viable for both full virtual ledger constructions as well as straightforward one-time interactions and payments systems.
Collaborative writing, particularly in the context of Technology-Mediated Communication (TMC), has gained excessive attention in language education studies. Despite the extensive literature on collaborative writing, t...
ISBN:
(纸本)9789819742455;9789819742462
Collaborative writing, particularly in the context of Technology-Mediated Communication (TMC), has gained excessive attention in language education studies. Despite the extensive literature on collaborative writing, there is a lack of attention to advanced English for Academic Purposes (EAP) learners. This research investigates the interaction patterns of L2 PhD students during web-based collaborative academic writing tasks using the integrated platform, Feishu. The study collected data from group video conferences, post-task interviews, and writing products on Feishu. The findings reveal four predominant interaction patterns, namely collaborative, cooperative, facilitative/cooperative, and cooperative/passive. Factors influencing these patterns were primarily learner-centric, task-centric, and tool-centric. This study underlines the importance of understanding technology's role in shaping collaborative writing dynamics and suggests the need for further exploration within diverse academic contexts and modern integrated platforms.
With the development of mobile communications technology, smart phone has become a necessity in people's life. The aggravation of population aging in China draws the society's more attention to the market of s...
ISBN:
(纸本)9783031615429;9783031615436
With the development of mobile communications technology, smart phone has become a necessity in people's life. The aggravation of population aging in China draws the society's more attention to the market of smart phone for the aged. Being convenient, smart phone provides the aged with a brand new reading mode and a flexible reading environment. However, this advantage changes elderly users' habit of using eyes and causes visual fatigue. This research explores the relationship between smart phone screen color combination and visual identification, visual fatigue of the aged. Combining color criterion RGB adopted by most displayers with neutral colors black and white, the author probes into the influence of smart phone screen color combination on visual identification and visual fatigue through experiment. The experiment in this research is about the influence of mobile phone screen color combination on visual identification of the aged. The results showed that the best color sample for male subjects was white on a blue background, while the best color sample for females was green on a blue background.
In oral discussions, such as workshops, notes and sticky notes are frequently used to record content of the utterances. However, the content of the discussion may not be accurately captured or be forgotten through man...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783031679971;9783031679988
In oral discussions, such as workshops, notes and sticky notes are frequently used to record content of the utterances. However, the content of the discussion may not be accurately captured or be forgotten through manual writing. Although the results from speech recognition could be used, they are difficult to understand because they are redundant and consist of fillers. This study addresses this problem by recording the speech-recognition results into text, similar to writing on a sticky note. The text should be well-structured for participants to understand. The objective of this research is to develop a discussion structuring system for use in real time and demonstrate its utility as a substitute for notes. This system will enable users to easily reflect on the content and process of discussions. The large language model GPT-4 is used for paraphrasing speech-recognition results into simple sentences and structuring them. It will also be used for opinion generation to incorporate novel viewpoints to a target discussion. A discussion experiment using a prototype of this system was conducted for a workshop involving local government staff. It was shown that the system could serve as an alternative to sticky notes when people reflect on the discussions of the group and the artificial-intelligence-generated opinions from the system are effective in supporting discussion.
Anxiety is currently increasing in human daily life. Studies aimed to deepen the understanding of it, to minimize its negative impact on people's lives, have gained significant importance. In this context, the mai...
ISBN:
(纸本)9783031552441;9783031552458
Anxiety is currently increasing in human daily life. Studies aimed to deepen the understanding of it, to minimize its negative impact on people's lives, have gained significant importance. In this context, the main focus of this work is to study the use of several physiological signals (electrocardiogram, electrodermal activity, and blood volume pulse) to predict the level of anxiety felt by a subject using four different approaches. These involve the use of a different number of features that are selected as more informative, and by training two classification models, with different properties. For the chosen approaches, the obtained results are compared and analysed to understand which performs better, i.e., which has a greater ability in anxiety recognition, being the anxiety level of each participant assessed through the application of the STICSA questionnaire. When selecting 20 features to train a Linear Discriminant Analysis model, an accuracy and precision of over 70% were achieved. This strategy presented the best performance as this model surpasses, for all the used metrics, the results obtained when using the models based on a decision tree. The encouraging obtained results sustained the feasibility of the use of simultaneous different physiological signals to train models for predicting the level of anxiety.
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