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Non-local Temporal Modeling for Practical Skeleton-Based Gait Recognition 6th

Non-local Temporal Modeling for Practical Skeleton-Based Gai...

引用

6th Chinese Conference on Pattern Recognition and computer Vision (PRCV)

作者： Peng, Pengyu Deng, Zongyong Zhu, Feiyu Zhao, Qijun Sichuan Univ Sch Comp Sci & Technol Chengdu Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819984688;9789819984695

Gait, a unique biometric identifier for recognizing individual identity at a distance, plays an important role in practical applications. Existing gait recognition methods utilize either a gait set or a sequence. However, these methods ignore the periodic characteristic of gait, where actions at one moment are related to actions at another moment. As a result, their recognition accuracy in real scenes can significantly decrease due to noise and frame loss. To deal with this issue, we design a NLGait network to explore the temporal relation among gait frames, which adaptively leverages both local and non-local relations to achieve practical gait recognition. Specifically, we design multi-scale temporal information extractor (MTIE) to capture these relations. Furthermore, we design an attention based adaptive frame fuser (AFF) to aggregate the features of frames in a gait sequence. Extensive experiments have verified the competitive accuracy and robustness of our method. The accuracy of the counterpart methods is degraded by 8.9% and 19.3%, respectively, due to noise and temporal loss, while ours is degraded by only 3.6% and 2.7%.

关键词： Gait Recogniton Non-local Temporal Relations Key Frames

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Global Sensitivity Analysis of Thrombus Formation in the Left Atrial Appendage of Atrial Fibrillation Patients 14th

Global Sensitivity Analysis of Thrombus Formation in the Lef...

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14th International Workshop on Statistical Atlases and Computational Modelling of the Heart (STACOM)

作者： Smine, Zineb Melidoro, Paolo Qureshi, Ahmed Longobardi, Stefano Williams, Steven E. Aslanidi, Oleg De Vecchi, Adelaide Kings Coll London Sch Biomed Engn & Imaging Sci London England

ISBN: (纸本)9783031524479;9783031524486

Atrial Fibrillation (AF) is the most common type of cardiac arrhythmia. Most AF-related thrombi originate within the left atrial appendage (LAA). This study investigated the key factors influencing thrombus formation in the LAA using global sensitivity analysis (GSA) based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. GSA was conducted to assess the effects of four physiological input parameters: initial thrombin location within the LAA, fibrinogen (Fg) concentration in the blood, sensitivity to activated protein C (K3 constant), and inlet velocity. A total of 160 CFD simulations were performed using a 2D idealized left atrial geometry with the most common LAA morphologies: Cactus (CA), Chickenwing (CW), Windsock (WS), and Broccoli (BR). The area under the curve (AUC) of fibrin, which is a precursor of thrombus formation, was computed in the LAA to quantify net fibrin formation over time. Gaussian Process Emulators (GPE) were trained using the simulations' results to predict the Sobol indices from the input parameters. Fg concentration, initial thrombin location, and their interaction exhibited the largest Sobol indices in all LAA morphologies, impacting both average and maximum AUC. Inlet velocity affected the average AUC in BR, and its interaction with the initial thrombus location was significant for this morphology. Additionally, K3 contributed to the output variance in CW and BR. These findings emphasize the overall significance of Fg concentration and initial thrombin location, along with their interaction, in thrombus formation. The impacts of inlet velocity and K3 concentration appear to be morphology-specific. The distinct values obtained from maximum and average fibrin AUC provide complementary insights into thrombus formation.

关键词： Atrial Fibrillation Left atrial appendage Global sensitivity analysis Computational fluid dynamics Ischaemic stroke

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Real-Time CCSL: Application to the Mechanical Lung Ventilator 10th

Real-Time CCSL: Application to the Mechanical Lung Ventilato...

引用

10th International Conference on Rigorous State-Based Methods (ABZ)

作者： Tokariev, Paulo Mallet, Frederic Univ Cote dAzur CNRS I3S INRIA Sophia Antipolis France

ISBN: (纸本)9783031637896;9783031637902

This case-study paper reports on our experience in modelling the mechanical lung ventilator using the Clock Constraint Specification Language (CCSL). CCSL captures the causal and temporal behaviour of a system by specifying constraints on logical clocks. Logical clocks are integer counters where the occurrence of an event, a tick, advances the counter and marks the advance in time. In this framework, chronometric clocks become logical clocks just with a special external meaning. Encoding chronometric clocks as counters may result in verification inefficiency and hard-to-read specifications. The paper introduces in the language some real-time constructs to directly encode phenomena like clock drift, skew and jitter. This makes patterns explicit in turn enabling optimizations. To realize these optimizations, we alter the internal symbolic representation of clock constraints. We also introduce an explicit notion of parameters and intervals. While for some constraints it mainly consists of adding syntactic sugar and pre-processing facilities, we believe it improves the readability. We illustrate the new constructs on the mechanical lung ventilator system. We start with a purely logical specification, we point at the sources of inefficiencies and then we discuss the benefits of the extensions on specific parts.

关键词： Temporal requirements Logical time Real-Time

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Use of Service Design Pattern Language to Support Learning and Practice in Design Project 12th

Use of Service Design Pattern Language to Support Learning a...

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12th International Conference on Distributed, Ambient and Pervasive Interactions (DAPI)

作者： Yamamoto, Kaoru Taoka, Yuki Nakatani, Momoko Tokyo Inst Technol Tokyo Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9783031599873;9783031599880

This research is a practical application of service design combined with Pattern language theory, aimed at assisting individuals who are not design experts in undertaking design projects. Study's aim is to reveal the effects of Pattern Language. In the VUCA society, every individual will be required to address problems that lack a clear solution, so called 'Wicked Problems'. Against this backdrop, designer-like approach is more widespread to respond to such problem. Since 'Wicked problem' involves many stakeholders, significant aspect of design project is collaboration. Also, in the context of co-design, there is a demand for non-experts to participate in design process to manage with 'Wicked problem'. However, it is difficult for beginners to exhibit design behavior during collaboration in design project without an appropriate guide. Especially in Japan, loss of purpose and inactivation of discussions due to 'lack of knowledge', and 'free riders' problem have been identified as issues in group work tasks. Therefore, there is a demand for support that enables beginners to exhibit design behavior autonomously in design projects. To resolve this issue, this study examines the potential of 'Service Design Pattern Language' as a method to assist non-design experts. The effects brought about by incorporating Pattern Language into collaborative process of design work were thoroughly examined.

关键词： Service design Design education Pattern Language Workshop

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Multivariate Time Series Anomaly Detection: Fancy Algorithms and Flawed Evaluation Methodology 1

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15th Technology Conference on Performance Evaluation and Benchmarking (TPCTC)

作者： Sehili, Mohamed El Amine Zhang, Zonghua Huawei Technol France 8 Quai Point Jour F-92100 Boulogne France

ISBN: (数字)9783031680311

ISBN: (纸本)9783031680304;9783031680311

Multivariate Time Series (MVTS) anomaly detection is a long-standing and challenging research topic that has attracted tremendous research effort from both industry and academia in recent years. However, a careful study of the literature makes us realize that 1) the community is active but not as organized as other sibling machine learning communities such as computer Vision (CV) and Natural Language Processing (NLP), and 2) most proposed solutions are evaluated using either inappropriate or highly flawed protocols, with an apparent lack of scientific foundation. So flawed is one very popular protocol, the so-called point-adjust protocol, that a random guess can be shown to systematically outperform all algorithms developed so far. In this paper, we review and evaluate a number of recent algorithms using more robust protocols and discuss how a normally good protocol may have weaknesses in the context of MVTS anomaly detection and how to mitigate them. We also share our concerns about benchmark datasets, experiment design and evaluation methodology we observe in many works. Furthermore, we propose a simple, yet challenging, baseline algorithm based on Principal Components Analysis (PCA) that surprisingly outperforms many recent deep learning based approaches on popular benchmark datasets. The main objective of this work is to stimulate more effort towards important aspects of the research such as data, experiment design, evaluation methodology and result interpretability, as opposed to putting the highest weight on the design of increasingly more complex and "fancier" algorithms (Code repository associated with this paper can be found at https://***/amsehili/MVTSEvalPaper).

关键词： Multivariate time series Anomaly detection Evaluation protocols point-adjust

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Automatic Aorta Segmentation with Heavily Augmented, High-Resolution 3-D ResUNet: Contribution to the SEG.A Challenge 1

引用

First Segmentation of the Aorta Challenge: Towards the Automatic Segmentation, Modeling, and Meshing of the Aortic Vessel Tree from Multicenter Acquisition (SEG.A)

作者： Wodzinski, Marek Muller, Henning Univ Appl Sci Western Switzerland HES SO Valais Informat Syst Inst Sierre Switzerland AGH Univ Krakow Dept Measurement & Elect Krakow Poland Univ Geneva Med Fac Geneva Switzerland

ISBN: (数字)9783031532412

ISBN: (纸本)9783031532405;9783031532412

Automatic aorta segmentation from 3-D medical volumes is an important yet difficult task. Several factors make the problem challenging, e.g. the possibility of aortic dissection or the difficulty with segmenting and annotating the small branches. This work presents a contribution by the MedGIFT team to the SEG.A challenge organized during the MICCAI 2023 conference. We propose a fully automated algorithm based on deep encoder-decoder architecture. The main assumption behind our work is that data preprocessing and augmentation are much more important than the deep architecture, especially in low data regimes. Therefore, the solution is based on a variant of traditional convolutional U-Net. The proposed solution achieved a Dice score above 0.9 for all testing cases with the highest stability among all participants. The method scored 1st, 4th, and 3rd in terms of the clinical evaluation, quantitative results, and volumetric meshing quality, respectively. We freely release the source code, pretrained model, and provide access to the algorithm on the Grand-Challenge platform.

关键词： Aorta Segmentation MICCAI SEGA Challenge Deep Learning

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Self Supervised Temporal Ultrasound Reconstruction for Muscle Atrophy Evaluation 6th

Self Supervised Temporal Ultrasound Reconstruction for Muscl...

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6th Chinese Conference on Pattern Recognition and computer Vision (PRCV)

作者： Zhang, Yue Du, Getao Zhan, Yonghua Guo, Kaitai Zheng, Yang Guo, Jianzhong Chen, Xiaoping Liang, Jimin Xidian Univ Sch Elect Engn Xian 710071 Shaanxi Peoples R China Xidian Univ Sch Life Sci & Technol Xian 710071 Shaanxi Peoples R China Shanxi Normal Univ Sch Phys & Informat Technol Xian 710071 Shaanxi Peoples R China China Astronaut Res & Training Ctr Natl Key Lab Human Factors Engn Beijing Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819985456;9789819985463

Muscle atrophy is a widespread disease that can reduce quality of life and increase morbidity and mortality. The development of noninvasive method to evaluate muscle atrophy is of great practical value. However, obtaining accurate criteria for the evaluation of muscle atrophy under non-invasive conditions is extremely difficult. This paper proposes a self-supervised temporal ultrasound reconstruction method based on masked autoencoder to explore the dynamic process of muscle atrophy. A score-position embedding is designed to realize the quantitative evaluation of muscle atrophy. Ultrasound images of the hind limb muscle of six macaque monkeys were acquired consecutively during 38 days of head-down bed rest experiments. Given an ultrasound image sequence, an asymmetric encoder-decoder structure is used to reconstruct the randomly masked images for the purpose of modelling the dynamic muscle atrophy process. We demonstrate the feasibility of using the position indicator as muscle atrophy score, which can be used to predict the degree of muscle atrophy. This study achieves the quantitative evaluation of muscle atrophy in the absence of accurate evaluation criteria for muscle atrophy.

关键词： Masked autoencoder Muscle atrophy quantization Position embedding Ultrasound image

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Research on Social Welfare Under the Perspective of Bie-modernism Life Equity Theory - Prediction Based on Machine Learning Algorithm 12th

Research on Social Welfare Under the Perspective of Bie-mode...

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12th International Conference on Culture and Computing (C and C) Held as Part of the 26th International Conference on Human-computer Interaction (HCII)

作者： Zhe, Peng Xinjiang Univ Urumqi 830046 Xinjiang Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9783031611469;9783031611476

The concept of Life equity put forward by professor Wang Jianjiang and first published in A & HCI journal Filozofski vestnik at 2018, Bie-modernism claims, everyone, although he or she still live in Bie-modern society, regardless of race, nationality, wealth, poverty, strength, whether he or she work, as long as he or she was born in this country, has a place in the country and society, namely life equity. Chinese education, health care, pension, housing, gini coefficient is closely related to the life equity data analysis and calculation, with the help of machine learning algorithm to study the social welfare under the perspective, using machine learning algorithm analysis process the various fields related data. In the equity theory of life under the perspective of social well-being, machine learning algorithm can provide more accurate and reliable analysis results, machine learning algorithm not only provides the intuitive, easy to understand, also for the social level or government level provides a reliable and effective prediction and corresponding policy adjustment and optimization. The results show that in China, the life equity of every citizen has been realized to a certain extent, and in the future society, the realization of life equity will develop towards the direction of gradual improvement. At the same time, there is still a long way to go for the realization of life equity, and it are also facing many obstacles, including various geopolitics, international issues, conflicts of civilization, war, disease, economic crisis and even extreme weather and other factors. Therefore, on the one hand, we should cash in the life equity of every citizen as much as possible. On the other hand, we should also be prepared and take measures in the face of risks in advance.

关键词： Life Equity Machine Learning Social Well-being Cash

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Mutual Visibility in Hypercube-Like Graphs 31st

Mutual Visibility in Hypercube-Like Graphs

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31st International Colloquium on Structural Information and Communication Complexity (SIROCCO)

作者： Cicerone, Serafino Di Fonso, Alessia Di Stefano, Gabriele Navarra, Alfredo Piselli, Francesco Univ Aquila I-67100 Laquila Italy Univ Perugia I-06123 Perugia Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9783031606021;9783031606038

Let G be a graph and X subset of V (G). Then, vertices x and y of G are X-visible if there exists a shortest x, y-path where no internal vertices belong to X. The set X is a mutual-visibility set of G if every two vertices of X are X-visible, while X is a total mutual-visibility set if any two vertices from V (G) are X-visible. The cardinality of a largest mutualvisibility set (resp. total mutual-visibility set) is the mutual-visibility number (resp. total mutual-visibility number) mu(G) (resp. mu(t)(G)) of G. It is known that computing mu(G) is an NP-complete problem, as well as mu(t)(G). In this paper, we study the (total) mutual-visibility in hypercubelike networks (namely, hypercubes, cube-connected cycles, and butterflies). Concerning computing mu(G), we provide approximation algorithms for both hypercubes and cube-connected cycles, while we give an exact formula for butterflies. Concerning computing mu(t)(G) (in the literature, already studied in hypercubes), we provide exact formulae for both cube-connected cycles and butterflies.

关键词： Visibility

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A Remark on Concept Drift for Dependent Data 22nd

A Remark on Concept Drift for Dependent Data

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22nd International Symposium on Intelligent Data Analysis (IDA)

作者： Hinder, Fabian Vaquet, Valerie Hammer, Barbara Bielefeld Univ CITEC Bielefeld Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783031585463;9783031585470

Concept drift, i.e., the change of the data generating distribution, can render machine learning models inaccurate. Several works address the phenomenon of concept drift in the streaming context usually assuming that consecutive data points are independent of each other. To generalize to dependent data, many authors link the notion of concept drift to time series. In this work, we show that the temporal dependencies are strongly influencing the sampling process. Thus, the used definitions need major modifications. In particular, we show that the notion of stationarity is not suited for this setup and discuss an alternative we refer to as consistency. We demonstrate that consistency better describes the observable learning behavior in numerical experiments.

关键词： Concept Drift Dependent Data Concept Drift Detection

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