Augmented reality (AR) interaction methods are leaning towards more natural techniques, such as voice commands, hand gestures, and in-air tapping for input. From a security perspective, however, recent works have demo...
ISBN:
(数字)9789819980246
ISBN:
(纸本)9789819980239;9789819980246
Augmented reality (AR) interaction methods are leaning towards more natural techniques, such as voice commands, hand gestures, and in-air tapping for input. From a security perspective, however, recent works have demonstrated that these methods, such as in-air tapping, are vulnerable to inference attacks where an adversary is capable of reconstructing input in the virtual environment using low-level handtracking data with high accuracy. This paper addresses the defense of in-air tapping mechanisms against inference attacks by developing and evaluating a 3D curved keyboard for input. Our design exploits the symmetry between the virtual and physical worlds enabling the inference attack in the first place and increasing the uncertainty of the adversary by manipulating the geometric aspects of this keyboard plane in 3D. We evaluate our design through numerous experiments and show it to be robust against inference attacks, where the adversary's accuracy in obtaining the correct input text is reduced to 0% (from 87%) and at most to just 18% within the top-500 candidate reconstructions.
With economic development and an improved quality of life, China's sports and health industry is continuously expanding. In particular, water sports, with scuba diving as a prime example, have emerged as promising...
ISBN:
(纸本)9783031608971;9783031608988
With economic development and an improved quality of life, China's sports and health industry is continuously expanding. In particular, water sports, with scuba diving as a prime example, have emerged as promising avenues for growth. This study delves into the demands and behaviors of "Generation Z" youth in the realm of scuba diving to explore opportunities for the development of intelligent sports products. To provide a comprehensive understanding, we commence with an analysis of the research background and current status. Subsequently, we propose key design trends, including scene digitization, product light-weighting, and integrated services, with a focus on enhancing multimodal interactive experiences and intelligent features. Conducting a comparative analysis of scuba diving and other water sports products, we uncover their respective strengths and weaknesses in terms of user engagement, entertainment value, usability, portability, interactivity, social aspects, and professionalism. Drawing from these results, we identify pivotal opportunities and delineate directions for future research. Employing both qualitative and quantitative research methods, we conducted user surveys, resulting in the identification of 11 critical user needs and functional levels. Building upon this foundation, we introduce five distinct features for scuba diving scenarios: modular assembly and disassembly, multifunctionality for sports assistance, comprehensive representation of sports health data, gamification of skill mastery, and scuba emergency prompts and responses. Central to this study are the design principles and strategies that shift the focus from entertainment experiences to scuba diving skill mastery and cognition. This approach caters to the needs of "Generation Z" youth who possess curiosity but lack experience in scuba diving. In light of the anticipated trends in artificial intelligence and water sports, we expect that scuba diving will gain increased attention and be
Offline decoding of movement trajectories from invasive brain-machine interface (iBMI) is a crucial issue of achieving cortical movement control. Scientists are dedicated to improving decoding speed and accuracy to as...
ISBN:
(纸本)9789819985456;9789819985463
Offline decoding of movement trajectories from invasive brain-machine interface (iBMI) is a crucial issue of achieving cortical movement control. Scientists are dedicated to improving decoding speed and accuracy to assist patients in better controlling neuroprosthetics. However, previous studies treated channels as normal sequential inputs, merely considering time as a dimension representing channel information quantity. So, this inevitably leads underutilization of temporal information. Herein, a QRNN network integrated with a temporal attention module was proposed to decode movement kinematics from neural populations. It improves the performance by 3.45% compared to the state-of-the-art (SOTA) method. Moreover, this approach only incurs a increase of parameter less than 0.1% compared to the QRNN with same hyperparameter configuration. An information-theoretic analysis was performed to discuss the efficacy of the temporal attention module in neural decoding performance.
Using meteorological data, this study compares Machine Learning approaches such as K-Nearest Neighbors, Support Vector Machine, and Artificial Neural Networks for detecting days with a greater probability of stroke in...
ISBN:
(纸本)9783031723520;9783031723537
Using meteorological data, this study compares Machine Learning approaches such as K-Nearest Neighbors, Support Vector Machine, and Artificial Neural Networks for detecting days with a greater probability of stroke incidence in the region of Transylvania, Romania. Being the first to address this problem in Romania, the study contributes to previous research by employing Machine Learning approaches and applying them to meteorological data that also includes air fronts. Furthermore, the study was conducted on data which was collected in a ten-year span (2013-2022). Because the initial dataset had a substantial class imbalance, having the positive class represent 1/20 of the whole dataset, the proposed approaches include dimensionality reduction and clustering techniques. According to the obtained results, the best-performing model is the Support Vector Machine, having an accuracy of 63%, a precision of 70%, and a recall of 63%.
This paper reports on the integration of runtime monitoring into fully-electric aircraft designed by Volocopter, a German aircraft manufacturer of electric multi-rotor helicopters. The runtime monitor recognizes hazar...
ISBN:
(纸本)9783031656293;9783031656309
This paper reports on the integration of runtime monitoring into fully-electric aircraft designed by Volocopter, a German aircraft manufacturer of electric multi-rotor helicopters. The runtime monitor recognizes hazardous situations and system faults. Since the correct operation of the monitor is critical for the safety of the aircraft, the development of the monitor must follow strict aeronautical standards. This includes the integration of the monitor into different development environments, such as log-file analysis, hardware/software-in-theloop testing, and test flights. We have used the stream-based monitoring framework RTLola to generate monitors for a range of requirements. In this paper, we present representative monitoring specifications and our lessons learned from integrating the generated monitors. Our main finding is that the specification and the integration need to be decoupled, because the specification remains stable throughout the development process, whereas the different development stages require a separate integration of the monitor into each environment. We achieve this decoupling with a novel abstraction layer in the monitoring framework that adapts the monitor to each environment without affecting the core component generated from the specification. The decoupling of the integration has also allowed us to react quickly to the frequent changes in the hardware and software environment of the monitor due to the fast-paced development of the aircraft in a startup company.
With the popularization and development of virtual reality technology, panoramic video has gradually become one of the mainstream forms of VR technology in various fields. However, the research on the information perc...
ISBN:
(纸本)9783031500688;9783031500695
With the popularization and development of virtual reality technology, panoramic video has gradually become one of the mainstream forms of VR technology in various fields. However, the research on the information perception of panoramic video in different media is insufficient. And shortcomings still exist in building information perception and prediction models owing to small samples. This work focuses on users' perception of multi-source information in panoramic videos with different media. We conducted the experiment (N = 40) to analyze the differences of users' perception level when viewing panoramic videos using different media (i.e. VR and traditional media). We also studied the correlation between user characteristics and information reception effectiveness. The results show that users' perception of multi-source information in VR is better than in traditional media, except for sound information. Besides, there is a positive correlation between observational ability, memory, concentration, and spatial perception, whether playing computer games frequently and multi-source information perception.
Introduced by Ehrenfeucht and Rozenberg, the formal model of reaction systems captures the dynamics of biochemical reactions based on the two main mechanisms of facilitation and inhibition. Functionally equivalent rea...
ISBN:
(数字)9783031637421
ISBN:
(纸本)9783031637414;9783031637421
Introduced by Ehrenfeucht and Rozenberg, the formal model of reaction systems captures the dynamics of biochemical reactions based on the two main mechanisms of facilitation and inhibition. Functionally equivalent reaction systems evolve through the same result function and various types of minimization of reaction systems have been studied. This paper aims to extend two types of reaction system minimization, rank and degree, to partially-defined RS functions, with a focus on minimizing cycles within reaction systems. We provide bounds on the rank and degree of cycles, as well as computational techniques used to determine when such bounds are strict. Finally, we assign a measure of "complexity" to each family of states via the maximum degree of a cycle over this family. We show this derived measure of complexity satisfies a useful monotonicity condition.
Restoring the color of the 3D human body is a critical issue when reconstructing a 3D human body model from a single-view image. Nonetheless, previous methods have not made use of the reconstructed 3D human body featu...
ISBN:
(纸本)9789819756148;9789819756155
Restoring the color of the 3D human body is a critical issue when reconstructing a 3D human body model from a single-view image. Nonetheless, previous methods have not made use of the reconstructed 3D human body features to aid color restoration, leading to less-than-optimal results. We propose a new method called CHMF in this paper. Unlike previous works, this method fully exploits the inherent features of the 3D human body for color restoration. To achieve this, we first design a deep fix network to extract structural features of the 3D human body to repair color features extracted from single-view image. Then, we utilize a mesh encoding network to extract the shape features of the 3D human body, combining the repaired color features with the transformed shape features to compute the final color. The 3D human body reconstructed by this method not only preserves excellent texture details in terms of color but also eliminates color errors caused by limb occlusion due to human movement, a limitation in existing methods. We evaluate our method on the Thuman2.0 dataset, and extensive experiments have shown that our approach outperforms previous methods both qualitatively and quantitatively.
The spread of negative influences such as rumors and misinformation in Online Social Networks (OSNs) can threaten public safety. Therefore, the Influence Blocking Maximization (IBM) problem has received extensive atte...
ISBN:
(纸本)9789819756179;9789819756186
The spread of negative influences such as rumors and misinformation in Online Social Networks (OSNs) can threaten public safety. Therefore, the Influence Blocking Maximization (IBM) problem has received extensive attention in recent years. Although many researchers have investigated IBM problem, but there were some issues, including the imbalance between time consumption and performance in seed selection, as well as the influence overlap among selected seed nodes. In this paper, we present an IBM algorithm called IBM-CD based on community division to solve the IBM problem efficiently. This algorithm initially employs our proposed membership propagation approach to divide community centered around source nodes. Subsequently, the communities with low link strength will be merged. Additionally, we use the independent path to calculate the activation probability between node pairs, deriving the blocking effect on nodes based on this concept. Finally, we use the derived blocking effect as the metric to select positive seed nodes for influence blocking within each community. Through experimentation on real world datasets, we demonstrate that our proposed algorithm achieves faster and more effective suppression compared to existing methods.
Software accessibility, once relatively unknown, is now recognized as both crucial and legally mandated, accumulating significant research attention in computerscience. While various guidelines, methods, and tools ha...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)9783031628450;9783031628467
Software accessibility, once relatively unknown, is now recognized as both crucial and legally mandated, accumulating significant research attention in computerscience. While various guidelines, methods, and tools have been developed, practical implementation still faces challenges, with persistent barriers in many products. Research often focuses on requirements engineering and evaluation, neglecting the implementation phase. While acknowledging the necessity of including accessibility throughout the engineering process, research on comprehensive approaches has been sparse, primarily focusing on requirements engineering and evaluation, neglecting implementation phase. We see integrating accessibility support into the core of design and development as a crucial step for improvements, revealing a need for integrating accessibility evaluation support into integrated development environments (IDEs). This paper aims to present a collection of techniques, methods and tools that support accessibility involvement within different stages of the engineering process, and additionally to provide a theoretical foundation for research and development of incorporating accessibility evaluation support within IDEs. Thereafter, we analyzed existing related Systematic Literature Reviews (SLRs) and complemented the findings with a new SLR. The study provides a solid base for advanced approaches in integrating accessibility into software engineering (SE).
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