The technological concept of the metaverse has the potential to change our society to an extent that can be compared with past inventions such as the internet. The risks and challenges it might bring for its users whe...
ISBN:
(数字)9783031708046
ISBN:
(纸本)9783031708039;9783031708046
The technological concept of the metaverse has the potential to change our society to an extent that can be compared with past inventions such as the internet. The risks and challenges it might bring for its users when participating are often neglected. Past experiences regarding social media or online gaming showed how such technologies can have negative effects on the psychological and physiological well-being of their users and that malicious individuals might abuse them. A user segment that is especially vulnerable in this context is the group of children and adolescents-youth. This study contains a detailed content analysis of two different metaverse applications regarding what types of child-inappropriate content or behavior exist there and reveals a number of serious concerns when children enter such digital virtual spaces. This paper addresses the types risks the use of the metaverse can pose for children and adolescents by creating a knowledge base derived from the current state of literature and interviews with experts. Additionally, it contributes to research by developing a classification scheme that helps to identify and categorize child-inappropriate content or behavior that occurs in metaverse spaces.
Can negation be depicted? It has been claimed in various areas, including philosophy, cognitive science, and AI, that depicting negation through visual expressions such images and pictures is challenging. Recent empir...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783031552441;9783031552458
Can negation be depicted? It has been claimed in various areas, including philosophy, cognitive science, and AI, that depicting negation through visual expressions such images and pictures is challenging. Recent empirical findings have shown that humans can indeed understand certain images as expressing negation, whereas this ability is not exhibited by machine learning models trained on image data. To elucidate the computational ability underlying the understanding of negation in images, this study first focuses on the image captioning task, specifically the performance of models pre-trained on large linguistic and image datasets for generating text from images. Our experiment demonstrates that a state-of-the-art model achieves some success in generating consistent captions from images, particularly in photographs rather than illustrations. However, when it comes to generating captions containing negation from images, the model is not as proficient as humans. To further investigate the performance of machine learning models in a more controlled setting, we conducted an additional analysis using a Visual Question Answering (VQA) task. This task enables us to specify where in the image the model should focus its attention when answering a question. As a result of this setting, the model's performance was improved. These results will shed light on the disparities in the attentional focus between humans and machine learning models.
Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) offers new opportunities to implement useful features within computer Supported Collaborative Learning (CSCL) environments. Despite these growing prospects, there is still li...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783031679971;9783031679988
Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) offers new opportunities to implement useful features within computer Supported Collaborative Learning (CSCL) environments. Despite these growing prospects, there is still limited research concerning the application ofGenAI in learning environments. Thiswork in progress aims to evaluate the mediation of a masked GenAI chatbot in the setting of the CSCL web application PyramidApp. A quasi-experimental within-subjects study was designed to assess the effect of GenAI chatbot intervention within the environment of PyramidApp. In the setting of 9 online activities, we evaluated the effect of the GenAI chatbot activity in 105 conversational chat rooms. The findings revealed that the GenAI chatbot provides useful feedback as students rate the chatbot's answers higher than their peers' answers (M-Chatbot = 4.11, MStudents = 3.91). The presence of the chatbot has an effect on group communication with the length of messages increased in chat rooms where the chatbot was present. Moreover, chatbot behavior to rate the students' answers was correlated with the students' behavior. The present study offers valuable insights into the optimal strategies for integrating a GenAI Large Language Model into educational tools and computer supported learning.
By “common sense” I mean the “scientific” common sense of physicists or chemists, not particularly the one of musicians which, nevertheless, is so important in quartet playing. © The Author(s), under exclusiv...
In tourist reviews, various pieces of information are described to confirm the characteristics of tourist spots. This paper proposes a method to extract tourist spot aspects using Japanese tourist reviews automaticall...
ISBN:
(纸本)9783031601248;9783031601255
In tourist reviews, various pieces of information are described to confirm the characteristics of tourist spots. This paper proposes a method to extract tourist spot aspects using Japanese tourist reviews automatically. The aspects of tourist spots are concepts that serve as criteria for searching the features of spots, such as "history" or "nature". Utilizing these aspects helps tourists easily find tourist spots with their characteristics. Thus, the aspects of whole spots should be readable and understandable for users. Using the Natural Language API, the proposed method extracts entities from tourist reviews on ***, a travel website. After transforming them into word vectors, the proposed method clusters them to create clusters of entities that reflect the features of the spots. Furthermore, the proposed method seeks synonyms for each cluster to extract aspects. In experiments, this paper quantitatively evaluated the automatically extracted aspects for 30 tourist spots in Okayama Prefecture in Japan. The experimental results revealed that the proposed method extracted a total of 446 aspects, of which 78.9% were deemed appropriate as aspects. In addition, the extracted aspects had been abstracted interpretably for user-centric expression to find tourist spots.
The increasing demand for machine learning and deep learning (ML/DL) education spans K-12, college, and vocational training, highlighting the urgent need to prepare computerscience (CS) teachers for these fields. Thi...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783031723148;9783031723155
The increasing demand for machine learning and deep learning (ML/DL) education spans K-12, college, and vocational training, highlighting the urgent need to prepare computerscience (CS) teachers for these fields. This study aims to characterize the knowledge gaps and challenges experienced by CS teachers as they transition to teaching a rigorous ML curriculum. The paper attempts to achieve this in two distinct and self-contained ways: first, through a theoretical analysis conducted via a literature review examined through the lens of theoretical frameworks, and second, through an empirical qualitative analysis of a case study involving CS teachers transitioning to ML education. The empirical analysis echoes the findings of the theoretical analysis and sharpens them with additional insights. Our findings reveal significant difficulties, such as relearning mathematical foundations, adapting to new problem-solving paradigms, and developing ML-specific pedagogical content knowledge. Notably, the existing expertise of experienced CS teachers has limited relevance to ML/DL education, raising the question of why we focus mainly on CS teachers as the potential teaching workforce to train. The discussion integrates the theoretical and empirical findings to offer conclusions and recommendations for educational institutions, policymakers, and teacher training programs in enhancing ML/DL teaching capacities across various academic levels.
In public spaces, where individuals with diverse values converge, discrepancies in the perception of acceptable behavior, such as appropriate speaking volumes, are common. Creating a common understanding requires cont...
ISBN:
(纸本)9783031679971;9783031679988
In public spaces, where individuals with diverse values converge, discrepancies in the perception of acceptable behavior, such as appropriate speaking volumes, are common. Creating a common understanding requires continuous and proactive communication, including outreach to those unfamiliar, which can impose a significant psychological burden. This study proposes an awareness communication method that facilitates forming a common understanding in public spaces through participatory word games. The paper explores the potential of the proposed method by implementing a prototype in a library setting, leading to system design and implementation.
Payment Channel Network (PCN) is a widely recognized and effective off-chain solution used to reduce on-chain operational costs. PCN is designed to address the scalability challenge and throughput issues in permission...
ISBN:
(纸本)9783031488054;9783031488061
Payment Channel Network (PCN) is a widely recognized and effective off-chain solution used to reduce on-chain operational costs. PCN is designed to address the scalability challenge and throughput issues in permissionless blockchains. Though transaction throughput is improved, many issues remain, like no flexibility, channel exhaustion, poor sustainability, etc. A separate deposit is required for each payment channel between two users, which locks a substantial amount of coins for a long period of time. Therefore, the flexibility to move these locked coins across channels is impossible through off-chain. Moreover, the channels get exhausted due to unbalanced (unidirectional) transfer. This causes the channel to become unsustainable (dead) until the PCN is rebalanced. This work presents a novel payment protocol called Flexible Payment Channel Networks (FlexiPCN), which allows users to deposit coins per user rather than per channel. So, users can move coins flexibly from one channel to another without the help of the blockchain or setting the cycle off-chain. FlexiPCN has been proven to be secure under the Universal Composability framework.
The idea of the metaverse, a virtual reality-based digital universe, has garnered significant attention due to its potential to revolutionize education and music-related activities. This paper explores the multifacete...
ISBN:
(数字)9783031574023
ISBN:
(纸本)9783031574016;9783031574023
The idea of the metaverse, a virtual reality-based digital universe, has garnered significant attention due to its potential to revolutionize education and music-related activities. This paper explores the multifaceted relationship between themetaverse, education, and music, shedding light on the opportunities and challenges it presents. Using the PRISMA-ScR method, we proceeded to a sampling of the contributions currently present on the net and extrapolated from search engines such as Eric, Scopus, JSTOR, Google Trends, ACM, Sage Journal, and WorldCat. Based on previously selected indicators, 175 scientific contributions were analyzed, among which those most relevant to the topic were selected based on previously chosen indicators. A clear interest in the relationship between metaverse and music emerges from the contributions, without, however, focusing much attention on the impact these realities can have on the educational process.
In the era of global competition, technology has fundamentally lowered the entry threshold for competition. Greater engagement is the real competitive advantage, and gamification design provides uswithways to enhance ...
ISBN:
(数字)9783031613562
ISBN:
(纸本)9783031613555;9783031613562
In the era of global competition, technology has fundamentally lowered the entry threshold for competition. Greater engagement is the real competitive advantage, and gamification design provides uswithways to enhance engagement. Today, gamification interaction methods have gradually penetrated and spread from specific groups of people to the field of ordinary workers. For blind users, the product's humanistic care and satisfaction of emotional needs play a positive role in their confidence and self-esteem. Leverage gamification to help and transform blind people's life participation and experiences. It makes complex behaviors simple and sustainable. This study used a questionnaire survey to explore the relationship between blind somatosensory games and the mental health of blind people.
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