In this work we address the problem of controlling a ground robot based on aerial image feedback in real time. We present an analysis of the relationship between a robot's ground velocity and the velocity of it...
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ISBN:
(纸本)3540288163
In this work we address the problem of controlling a ground robot based on aerial image feedback in real time. We present an analysis of the relationship between a robot's ground velocity and the velocity of it's projection in the image. We also show how a subset of the parameters of the homography relating the ground plane and the image plane can be extracted from motion correspondences and subsequently used in a sample control task. Further, we extend our analysis to the case of robot control from a moving overhead camera using image feedback. The experimental implementation and validation of the schemes we have presented is one of the central goals of this paper. [GRAPHICS]
This paper presents a new teleoperation scheme for mobile manipulation systems. A virtual spring connects a master and slave system where local force feedback on the slave system compensates for the dynamics of the mo...
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ISBN:
(纸本)3540288163
This paper presents a new teleoperation scheme for mobile manipulation systems. A virtual spring connects a master and slave system where local force feedback on the slave system compensates for the dynamics of the mobile manipulator. This scheme is robust in the presence of time delays and disturbances and provides good tele-presence. The slave manipulator is mounted on a mobile base and controlled within the operational space framework. In this framework, the redundancy of the mobile manipulation system is addressed through a decoupled decomposition of task and posture dynamics.
We consider multi-robot systems that include sensor nodes and aerial or ground robots networked together. Such networks are suitable for tasks such as large-scale environmental monitoring or for command and control in...
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ISBN:
(纸本)3540288163
We consider multi-robot systems that include sensor nodes and aerial or ground robots networked together. Such networks are suitable for tasks such as large-scale environmental monitoring or for command and control in emergency situations. We present a sensor network deployment method using autonomous aerial vehicles and describe in detail the algorithms used for deployment and for measuring network connectivity and provide experimental data collected from field trials. A particular focus is on determining gaps in connectivity of the deployed network and generating a plan for repair, to complete the connectivity. This project is the result of a collaboration between three robotics labs (CSIRO, USC, and Dartmouth.).
In January, 2004, the Mars Exploration Rover (MER) mission landed two rovers, Spirit and Opportunity, oil the surface of Mars. Several autonomous navigation capabilities were employed in space for the first time in th...
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ISBN:
(数字)9783540330141
ISBN:
(纸本)3540288163
In January, 2004, the Mars Exploration Rover (MER) mission landed two rovers, Spirit and Opportunity, oil the surface of Mars. Several autonomous navigation capabilities were employed in space for the first time in this mission. In the Entry, Descent, and Landing (EDL) phase, both landers used a vision system called the Descent Image Motion Estimation System (DIMES) to estimate horizontal velocity during the last 2000 meters (m) of descent, by tracking features on the ground with a downlooking camera, in order to control retro-rocket firing to reduce horizontal velocity before impact. During surface operations, the rovers navigate autonomously using stereo vision for local terrain mapping and a local, reactive planning algorithm called Grid-based Estimation of Surface Traversability Applied to Local Terrain (GESTALT) for obstacle avoidance. In areas of high slip, stereo vision-based visual odometry has been used to estimate rover motion. As of mid-June, Spirit had traversed 3405 m, of which 1253 m were done autonomously;Opportunity had traversed 1264 m, of which 224 in were autonomous. These results have contributed substantially to the success of the mission and paved the way for increased levels of autonomy in future missions.
A robot which could spray chemicals under grapevine trellis was developed and experimented. From the experimental results, it was observed that the robot system made precise spraying operation and its precise operatio...
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ISBN:
(纸本)3540328017
A robot which could spray chemicals under grapevine trellis was developed and experimented. From the experimental results, it was observed that the robot system made precise spraying operation and its precise operation record possible. Based on the precise operations and records, an optimum management of chemicals could be expected, that is, necessary amount of chemicals would be sprayed only at necessary places for protection of environment and ecosystem. In addition, it was considered that this robot would be able to contribute the minimum input-maximum output production system by establishment of traceability system in grape production.
This paper details the development of a machine learning system which uses the helicopter state and the actions of an instructing pilot to synthesise helicopter control modules online. Aggressive destabilisation/resta...
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ISBN:
(纸本)3540328017
This paper details the development of a machine learning system which uses the helicopter state and the actions of an instructing pilot to synthesise helicopter control modules online. Aggressive destabilisation/restabilisation sequences are used for training, such that a wide state-space envelope is covered during training. The performance of heading, roll, pitch, height and lateral velocity control learning is presented using our Xcell 60 experimental platform. The helicopter is demonstrated to be stabilised on all axes using the "learning from a pilot" technique. To our knowledge, this is the first time a "learning from a pilot" technique has been successfully applied to all axes.
A simple sensor-based walking on rough terrains for legged robots using an acceleration sensor attached to the body is described. The algorithm is implemented to a developed proto-type robot with limb mechanism, which...
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ISBN:
(纸本)3540328017
A simple sensor-based walking on rough terrains for legged robots using an acceleration sensor attached to the body is described. The algorithm is implemented to a developed proto-type robot with limb mechanism, which has six limbs that can be used for both locomotion and manipulation. The six limbs are arranged on the body radially to have uniform property in all directions. This symmetrical structure allows the robot to generate a gait trajectory for omnidirectional locomotion in a simple manner. The trajectory of the sensor-based walking is obtained by a small conversion of this simple trajectory. The proto-type robot walks on the uneven ground while adjusting the pose of the body to keep high stability margin. Finally, adequate footholds of supporting limbs are examined for manipulation tasks by two neighboring limbs of the robot.
This paper describes the development of a new autonomous conveyor and bolting machine (ACBM) used for the rapid development of roadways in underground coal mines. The ACBM is a mobile platform fitted with four indepen...
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ISBN:
(纸本)3540328017
This paper describes the development of a new autonomous conveyor and bolting machine (ACBM) used for the rapid development of roadways in underground coal mines. The ACBM is a mobile platform fitted with four independent bolting rigs, bolt storage and delivery carousel, coal receiving hopper and through-conveyor for coal transport. The ACBM is designed to operate in concert with a standard continuous mining machine during the roadway development process to automatically insert roof and wall bolts for securing the roadway. This innovative machine offers significant benefits for increasing personnel safety and improving productivity. The paper describes the core sensing and processing technologies involved in realizing the level of automation required by the ACBM, which includes online roof monitoring, roadway profiling, navigation, and automatic control of drilling and bolting processes.
We present our complete study involving comparisons of three spatio-temporal filters used in the estimation of optical flow for continuous mobile robot navigation. Previous comparisons of optical flow and associated t...
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ISBN:
(纸本)3540288163
We present our complete study involving comparisons of three spatio-temporal filters used in the estimation of optical flow for continuous mobile robot navigation. Previous comparisons of optical flow and associated techniques have compared performance in terms of accuracy and/or efficiency, and only in isolation. These comparisons are inadequate for addressing applicability to continuous, real-time operation as part of a robot control loop. In recent work [11], we presented a comparison of optical flow techniques for corridor navigation through two biologically inspired behaviours: corridor centring and visual odometry. In that study, flow was predominantly constant. In this paper we give new results from comparisons for flow-divergence based docking, where flow is non-constant. Results for traditionally used Gaussian filters indicate that long latencies significantly impede performance for real-time tasks in the control loop.
Autonomous navigation of a mobile robot along a predefined trajectory is a widely studied problem in the robotics community. We propose a Bayesian architecture that aims at being able to replay any sensori-motor traje...
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ISBN:
(纸本)3540288163
Autonomous navigation of a mobile robot along a predefined trajectory is a widely studied problem in the robotics community. We propose a Bayesian architecture that aims at being able to replay any sensori-motor trajectory - trajectory defined as a sequence of perceptions and actions - as long as the robot starts in its neighbourhood. In order to increase robustness, we also use this Bayesian framework to build our controller and an obstacle avoidance module. This work has been validated both on a simulated robot and on a real robot: the CyCab.
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