How do infants learn a language? Why and how do languages evolve? How do we understand a sentence? This book explores these questions using recent computational models that shed new light on issues related to language...
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ISBN:
(数字)9781107162228
ISBN:
(纸本)9781107162228
How do infants learn a language? Why and how do languages evolve? How do we understand a sentence? This book explores these questions using recent computational models that shed new light on issues related to language and cognition. The chapters in this collection propose original analyses of specific problems and develop computational models that have been tested and evaluated on real data. Featuring contributions from a diverse group of experts, this interdisciplinary book bridges the gap between naturallanguageprocessing and cognitive sciences. It is divided into three sections, focusing respectively on models of neural and cognitive processing, data driven methods, and social issues in language evolution. This book will be useful to any researcher and advanced student interested in the analysis of the links between the brain and the language faculty.
Memory-based languageprocessing - a machine learning and problem solving method for language technology - is based on the idea that the direct reuse of examples using analogical reasoning is more suited for solving l...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780521114455
Memory-based languageprocessing - a machine learning and problem solving method for language technology - is based on the idea that the direct reuse of examples using analogical reasoning is more suited for solving languageprocessing problems than the application of rules extracted from those examples. This book discusses the theory and practice of memory-based languageprocessing, showing its comparative strengths over alternative methods of language modelling. language is complex, with few generalizations, many sub-regularities and exceptions, and the advantage of memory-based languageprocessing is that it does not abstract away from this valuable low-frequency information. By applying the model to a range of benchmark problems, the authors show that for linguistic areas ranging from phonology to semantics, it produces excellent results. They also describe TiMBL, a software package for memory-based languageprocessing. The first comprehensive overview of the approach, this book will be invaluable for computational linguists, psycholinguists and language engineers.
This book presents a detailed description of Spoken language Translator (SLT), one of the first major projects in the area of automatic speech translation. The SLT system can translate between English, French, and Swe...
ISBN:
(纸本)9780521038829
This book presents a detailed description of Spoken language Translator (SLT), one of the first major projects in the area of automatic speech translation. The SLT system can translate between English, French, and Swedish in the domain of air travel planning, using a vocabulary of about 1500 words, and with an accuracy of about 75 per cent. The greater part of the book describes the languageprocessing components, which are largely built on top of the SRI Core language Engine, using a combination of general grammars and techniques that allow them to be rapidly customized to specific domains. Speech recognition is based on Hidden Markov Mode technology, and uses versions of the SRI DECIPHER system. This account of the Spoken language Translator should be an essential resource both for those who wish to know what is achievable in spoken-language translation today, and for those who wish to understand how to achieve it.
This study explores an approach to text generation that interprets systemic grammar as a computational representation. Terry Patten demonstrates that systemic grammar can be easily and automatically translated into cu...
ISBN:
(纸本)9780521039260
This study explores an approach to text generation that interprets systemic grammar as a computational representation. Terry Patten demonstrates that systemic grammar can be easily and automatically translated into current AI knowledge representations and efficiently processed by the same knowledge-based techniques currently exploited by expert systems. Thus the fundamental methodological problem of interfacing specialized computational representations with equally specialized linguistic representations can be resolved. The study provides a detailed discussion of a substantial implementation involving a relatively large systemic grammar, and a formal model of the method. It represents a fundamental and productive contribution to the literature on text generation.
The lexicon is now a major focus of research in computational linguistics and naturallanguageprocessing (NLP), as more linguistic theories concentrate on the lexicon and as the acquisition of an adequate vocabulary ...
ISBN:
(纸本)9780521028059
The lexicon is now a major focus of research in computational linguistics and naturallanguageprocessing (NLP), as more linguistic theories concentrate on the lexicon and as the acquisition of an adequate vocabulary has become the chief bottleneck in developing practical NLP systems. This collection describes techniques of lexical representation within a unification-based framework and their linguistic application, concentrating on the issue of structuring the lexicon using inheritance and defaults. Topics covered include typed feature structures, default unification, lexical rules, multiple inheritance and non-monotonic reasoning. The contributions describe both theoretical results and implemented languages and systems, including DATR, the Stuttgart TFS and ISSCO's ELU. This book arose out of a workshop on default inheritance in the lexicon organized as a part of the Esprit ACQUILEX project on computational lexicography. Besides the contributed papers mentioned above, it contains a detailed description of the ACQUILEX lexical knowledge base (LKB) system and its use in the representation of lexicons extracted semi-automatically from machine-readable dictionaries.
This book explains how to build naturallanguage Generation (NLG) systems - computer software systems which use techniques from artificial intelligence and computational linguistics to automatically generate understan...
ISBN:
(纸本)9780521024518
This book explains how to build naturallanguage Generation (NLG) systems - computer software systems which use techniques from artificial intelligence and computational linguistics to automatically generate understandable texts in English or other human languages, either in isolation or as part of multimedia documents, Web pages, and speech output systems. Typically starting from some non-linguistic representation of information as input, NLG systems use knowledge about language and the application domain to automatically produce documents, reports, explanations, help messages, and other kinds of texts. The book covers the algorithms and representations needed to perform the core tasks of document planning, microplanning, and surface realization, using a case study to show how these components fit together. It also discusses engineering issues such as system architecture, requirements analysis, and the integration of text generation into multimedia and speech output systems.
This book develops a formal computational theory of writing systems. It offers specific proposals about the linguistic objects that are represented by orthographic elements; what levels of linguistic representation ar...
ISBN:
(纸本)9780521034227
This book develops a formal computational theory of writing systems. It offers specific proposals about the linguistic objects that are represented by orthographic elements; what levels of linguistic representation are involved and how they may differ across writing systems; and what formal constraints hold of the mapping relation between linguistic and orthographic elements. Based on the insights gained, Sproat then proposes a taxonomy of writing systems. The treatment of theoretical linguistic issues and their computational implementation is complemented with discussion of empirical psycholinguistic work on reading and its relevance for the computational model developed here. Throughout, the model is illustrated with a number of detailed case studies of writing systems around the world. This book will be of interest to students and researchers in a variety of fields, including theoretical and computational linguistics, the psycholinguistics of reading and writing, and speech technology.
Memory-based languageprocessing - a machine learning and problem solving method for language technology - is based on the idea that the direct reuse of examples using analogical reasoning is more suited for solving l...
详细信息
ISBN:
(数字)9780511158988
ISBN:
(纸本)9780521114455
Memory-based languageprocessing - a machine learning and problem solving method for language technology - is based on the idea that the direct reuse of examples using analogical reasoning is more suited for solving languageprocessing problems than the application of rules extracted from those examples. This book discusses the theory and practice of memory-based languageprocessing, showing its comparative strengths over alternative methods of language modelling. language is complex, with few generalizations, many sub-regularities and exceptions, and the advantage of memory-based languageprocessing is that it does not abstract away from this valuable low-frequency information. By applying the model to a range of benchmark problems, the authors show that for linguistic areas ranging from phonology to semantics, it produces excellent results. They also describe TiMBL, a software package for memory-based languageprocessing. The first comprehensive overview of the approach, this book will be invaluable for computational linguists, psycholinguists and language engineers.
This volume brings together for the first time the papers of Margaret Masterman, a pioneer in the field of computational linguistics. ;Margaret Masterman was a pioneer in the field of computational linguistics. Workin...
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ISBN:
(数字)9781316924457
ISBN:
(纸本)9780521454896
This volume brings together for the first time the papers of Margaret Masterman, a pioneer in the field of computational linguistics. ;Margaret Masterman was a pioneer in the field of computational linguistics. Working in the earliest days of languageprocessing by computer, she believed that meaning, not grammar, was the key to understanding languages, and that machines could determine the meaning of sentences. She was able, even on simple machines, to undertake sophisticated experiments in machine translation, and carried out important work on the use of semantic codings and thesauri to determine the meaning structure of texts. This volume brings together Masterman's groundbreaking papers for the first time. Through his insightful commentaries, Yorick Wilks argues that Masterman came close to developing a computational theory of language meaning based on the ideas of Wittgenstein, and shows the importance of her work in the philosophy of science and the nature of iconic languages. Of key interest in computational linguistics and artificial intelligence, it will remind scholars of Masterman's significant contribution to the field.
This book outlines a new generalized regular rewrite rule system that uses multitape finite-state automata to cater for root-and-pattern morphology, infixation, circumfixation, and other complex operations such as the...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780521631969;0521631963;0511040148
This book outlines a new generalized regular rewrite rule system that uses multitape finite-state automata to cater for root-and-pattern morphology, infixation, circumfixation, and other complex operations such as the broken plural derivation problem in Arabic and Ethiopic.
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