This book ranks countries with respect to their achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals and their vulnerability to climate change. Human livelihoods, stable economies, health, and high quality of life all dep...
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ISBN:
(数字)9783030686840
ISBN:
(纸本)9783030686833;9783030686864
This book ranks countries with respect to their achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals and their vulnerability to climate change. Human livelihoods, stable economies, health, and high quality of life all depend on a stable climate and earth system, and a diversity of species and ecosystems. Climate change significantly impacts human trafficking, modern slavery, and global hunger. This book examines these global problems using techniques from mathematics of uncertainty. Since accurate data concerning human trafficking and modern slavery is impossible to obtain, mathematics of uncertainty is an ideal discipline to study these problems. The book also considers the interconnection between climate change, world hunger, human trafficking, modern slavery, and the coronavirus. Connectivity properties of fuzzy graphs are used to examine trafficking flow between regions in the world. The book is an excellent reference source for advanced undergraduate and graduate students in mathematics and the social sciences as well as for researchers and teachers.
This book provides a comprehensive methodology to measure systemic risk in many of its facets and dimensions based on state-of-the-art risk assessment methods. Systemic risk has gained attention in the public eye...
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ISBN:
(数字)9783030942816
ISBN:
(纸本)9783030942809;9783030942830
This book provides a comprehensive methodology to measure systemic risk in many of its facets and dimensions based on state-of-the-art risk assessment methods. Systemic risk has gained attention in the public eye since the collapse of Lehman Brothers in 2008. The bankruptcy of the fourth-biggest bank in the USA raised questions whether banks that are allowed to become “too big to fail” and “too systemic to fail” should carry higher capital surcharges on their size and systemic importance. The Global Financial Crisis of 2008-2009 was followed by the Sovereign Debt Crisis in the euro area that saw the first Eurozone government;defaulting on its debt and prompted actions at international level to stem further domino and cascade effects to other Eurozone governments and banks. Against this backdrop, a careful measurement of systemic risk is of utmost importance for the new capital regulation to be successful and for sovereign risk to remain in check. Most importantly, the book introduces a number of systemic fragility indicators for banks and sovereigns that can help to assess systemic risk and the impact of macroprudential and microprudential policies.
This book presents computationally efficient MPC solutions. The classical model predictive control (MPC) approach to control dynamical systems described by the Wiener model uses an inverse static block to cancel the i...
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ISBN:
(数字)9783030838157
ISBN:
(纸本)9783030838140;9783030838171
This book presents computationally efficient MPC solutions. The classical model predictive control (MPC) approach to control dynamical systems described by the Wiener model uses an inverse static block to cancel the influence of process nonlinearity. Unfortunately, the model's structure is limited, and it gives poor control quality in the case of an imperfect model and disturbances. An alternative is to use the computationally demanding MPC scheme with on-line nonlinear optimisation repeated at each sampling instant.;A linear approximation of the Wiener model or the predicted trajectory is found on-line. As a result, quadratic optimisation tasks are obtained. Furthermore, parameterisation using Laguerre functions is possible to reduce the number of decision variables. Simulation results for ten benchmark processes show that the discussed MPC algorithms lead to excellent control quality. For a neutralisation reactor and a fuel cell, essential advantages ofneural Wiener models are demonstrated.
This monograph investigates the trajectory optimization problems of low- and finite-thrust aerospace vehicles and spacecraft using an indirect method based on the Pontryagin maximum principle, providing a methodologic...
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ISBN:
(数字)9783031807565
ISBN:
(纸本)9783031807558;9783031807589
This monograph investigates the trajectory optimization problems of low- and finite-thrust aerospace vehicles and spacecraft using an indirect method based on the Pontryagin maximum principle, providing a methodological basis for the construction of numerical techniques that are superior in versatility and accuracy to direct methods.
This book provides a theoretical explanation of the approaches used and also an extensive gallery of the results of practical numerical studies. The problem of boundary value problem convergence has been largely overcome, which has made it possible to practically automate the optimization of trajectories and to achieve a qualitative generalization with a number of fundamentally new results. Examples of practical optimization of branching trajectories of complex dynamics systems with finite and continual sets of branches, in deterministic and stochastic statements, with control constraints and phase constraints of various orders are demonstrated.
An emphasis is placed on the consistent application of methods of numerical continuation with respect to a parameter to solve various problems in the flight mechanics of spacecraft with an electric propulsion system (EPS). The problems considered include the optimization of direct interplanetary flights of spacecraft with thrusters having limited power or limited thrust, of interplanetary flights of such spacecraft using gravity assisted maneuvers, of multi-orbit interorbital transfers of spacecraft with limited-thrust EPS. As a result, it was possible to develop a set of numerical continuation methods for solving a wide range of optimization problems for spacecraft trajectories with EPS with improved characteristics in terms of convergence and performance.
This monograph also contains a description of many pitfalls in solving a wide range of problems of optimizing the trajectories of aerospace vehicles and recipes for effectively overcoming them.
In recent years, the scale of environmental hazards has been growing, emergencies occur more often at special facilities, in particular nuclear power, the largest of which was the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear p...
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ISBN:
(数字)9783031225000
ISBN:
(纸本)9783031224997;9783031225024
In recent years, the scale of environmental hazards has been growing, emergencies occur more often at special facilities, in particular nuclear power, the largest of which was the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant in Ukraine on April 26, 1986. With the advent of nuclear power, it was believed that nuclear power reactors were safe enough, control and monitoring systems, protective screens and trained personnel would guarantee their trouble-free operation. There is also a trend now that nuclear power is "environmentally friendly" because it provides a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions with replacing power plants working on fossil fuels. Some countries, such as the United States, have recently classified nuclear energy as a renewable energy source. Despite this, nuclear power is potentially dangerous due to:;- possible accidents at power plants, accompanied by the ejection of radioactive materials into the environment;;- ejections of about 250 radioactive isotopes into the environment as a result of the operation of nuclear reactors;;- emissions of 85Kr, which changes the electrical conductivity of the atmosphere. This gas behaves like a greenhouse gas in the atmosphere, thereby contributing to anthropogenic climate change on Earth;;- pollution of the biosphere with plutonium;;- radioactive waste is the most important cause of environmental hazard, which remains unresolved. Civilian nuclear power reactors operating throughout the world annually generate large amounts of low-, medium- and high-level radioactive waste. Radioactive pollution accompanies all parts of the complex production of nuclear energy: the extraction and processing of uranium, the operation of nuclear power plants, the storage and regeneration of fuel, which has a significant impact on the environmental friendliness of nuclear energy. In addition, up to 300 natural and technogenic emergencies are registered annually, as a result of which people die and great econom
The main research topics addressed in this part are related to fault-tolerant control loops, control by sliding modes, and robust tuning of PID controllers. Examples of electrical motors and chemical processes are use...
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ISBN:
(数字)9783031263613
ISBN:
(纸本)9783031263606;9783031263637
The main research topics addressed in this part are related to fault-tolerant control loops, control by sliding modes, and robust tuning of PID controllers. Examples of electrical motors and chemical processes are used to demonstrate the feasibility of using the proposed techniques.;A model-based methodology for the efficient selection of centrifugal pumps; the use of probabilistic Boolean networks in smart grid models; the utilization of PSO metaheuristic algorithm in the selection of a model structure; and two schemes to control high-order delayed systems are among the main topics examined in this part.
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