The scientists and engineers of today are relentless in their continuing study and analysis of the world about us from the microcosm to the macrocosm. A central purpose of this study is to gain sufficient scientific i...
详细信息
ISBN:
(数字)9781461304838
ISBN:
(纸本)9780792396451;9781461275800
The scientists and engineers of today are relentless in their continuing study and analysis of the world about us from the microcosm to the macrocosm. A central purpose of this study is to gain sufficient scientific information and insight to enable the development of both representative and useful models of the superabundance of physical processes that surround us. The engineers need these models and the associated insight in order to build the information processing systems and control systems that comprise these new and emerging technologies. Much of the early modeling work that has been done on these systems has been based on the linear time-invariant system theory and its extensive use of Fourier transform theory for both continuous and discrete systems and signals. However many of the signals arising in nature and real systems are neither stationary nor linear but tend to be concentrated in both time and frequency. Hence a new methodology is needed to take these factors properly into account.
This volume contains a selection of papers that focus on the state-of the-art in real-time scheduling and resource management. Preliminary versions of these papers were presented at a workshop on the foundations...
详细信息
ISBN:
(数字)9781461539568
ISBN:
(纸本)9780792391661;9781461367666
This volume contains a selection of papers that focus on the state-of the-art in real-time scheduling and resource management. Preliminary versions of these papers were presented at a workshop on the foundations of real-time computing sponsored by the Office of Naval Research in October, 1990 in Washington, D.C. A companion volume by the title Foundations of Real-Time Computing: Fonnal Specifications and Methods complements this book by addressing many of the most advanced approaches currently being investigated in the arena of formal specification and verification of real-time systems. Together, these two texts provide a comprehensive snapshot of current insights into the process of designing and building real-time computing systems on a scientific basis. Many of the papers in this book take care to define the notion of real-time system precisely, because it is often easy to misunderstand what is meant by that term. Different communities of researchers variously use the term real-time to refer to either very fast computing, or immediate on-line data acquisition, or deadline-driven computing. This text is concerned with the very difficult problems of scheduling tasks and resource management in computer systems whose performance is inextricably fused with the achievement of deadlines. Such systems have been enabled for a rapidly increasing set of diverse end-uses by the unremitting advances in computing power per constant-dollar cost and per constant-unit-volume of space. End-use applications of deadline-driven real-time computers span a spectrum that includes transportation systems, robotics and manufacturing, aerospace and defense, industrial process control, and telecommunications.
Among the space activities of the last three decades satellite communications (SATCOM) has found the widest application in meeting both civil and military communications requirements. Several international, regional a...
详细信息
ISBN:
(数字)9781461535782
ISBN:
(纸本)9780792392545;9781461365907
Among the space activities of the last three decades satellite communications (SATCOM) has found the widest application in meeting both civil and military communications requirements. Several international, regional and national SATCOM systems of increasing capacity, capability and complexity have been and are being implemented over the years. The latest versions are utilizing such concepts as spot beams, processing transponders in SS-TDMA and operations in different frequency bands including the EHF band. On the military side, the United States of America, the United Kingdom, France and NATO (the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation) have been the only owners and operators of military SATCOM systems in the West. The systems in being and under development use satellites and ground terminals with characteristics which differ from the civilian ones with respect to frequency bands utilised and survivability and interoperability. The SATCOM has given the military users the potential of having much-needed mobility, flexibility and survivability in strategic and tactical communications for land, sea and air operations. It must, however, be said particularly for the military SATCOM systems that they have been evolved in big jumps, both in time and capability, each jump involving the deployment of two or three often specially designed large satellites, large expenses and rather traumatic transition between jumps. Despite these undesirable features these systems did not have the required degree of suevivability and flexibility.
presents a novel method for the mathematical analysis of neural networks that learn according to the back-propagation algorithm. The book also discusses some other recent alternative algorithms for hardware impleme...
详细信息
ISBN:
(数字)9781461523376
ISBN:
(纸本)9780792395676;9781461359906
presents a novel method for the mathematical analysis of neural networks that learn according to the back-propagation algorithm. The book also discusses some other recent alternative algorithms for hardware implemented perception-like neural networks. The method permits a simple analysis of the learning behaviour of neural networks, allowing specifications for their building blocks to be readily obtained.;Starting with the derivation of a specification and ending with its hardware implementation, analog hard-wired, feed-forward neural networks with on-chip back-propagation learning are designed in their entirety. On-chip learning is necessary in circumstances where fixed weight configurations cannot be used. It is also useful for the elimination of most mis-matches and parameter tolerances that occur in hard-wired neural network chips.;Fully analog neural networks have several advantages over other implementations: low chip area, low power consumption, and high speed operation.;is an excellent source of reference and may be used as a text for advanced courses.
emphasizes three important aspects of this exciting new research field. The term;expresses relations to computational models found in biological neural systems, which are used as inspiration for building large elec...
详细信息
ISBN:
(数字)9780585280011
ISBN:
(纸本)9780792381587;9781475782981
emphasizes three important aspects of this exciting new research field. The term;expresses relations to computational models found in biological neural systems, which are used as inspiration for building large electronic;. By adequate;, these silicon systems are made useful to mankind.;provides the reader with a snapshot of neuromorphic engineering today. It is organized into five parts viewing state-of-the-art developments within neuromorphic engineering from different perspectives.;provides the first collection of neuromorphic systems descriptions with firm foundations in silicon. Topics presented include:
The wireless industry is growing at a phenomenal rate. Cellular subscribers are increasing at a rate of 45% per year, the market for wireless local loop service is growing at a rate of 42%, and the wireless local area...
详细信息
ISBN:
(数字)9781461562375
ISBN:
(纸本)9780792397885;9781461378617
The wireless industry is growing at a phenomenal rate. Cellular subscribers are increasing at a rate of 45% per year, the market for wireless local loop service is growing at a rate of 42%, and the wireless local area network market is growing at a rate of 61 %. This growth and potential for future growth has motivated companies to commit $20 billion in obtaining 90 MHz of PCS spectrum during the recent FCC auctions in the United States. Obviously spectrum is a costly, but critical, resource. Efficient utilization of this resource is essential for profitable wireless service. To meet this challenge, researchers in wireless communications are tenaciously developing more spectrally efficient modulation techniques, planning tools for efficient communication system layout, and digital signal processing techniques for more robust communications. The papers and lectures presented in this book were originally given at the Sixth Annual Virginia Tech Symposium on Wireless Personal Communications and cover a broad range of topics in wireless communications. The majority of the papers are relevant to creating higher capacity (spectrally efficient) systems with greater coverage. Topics include adaptive antenna array measurements and algorithm comparisons, Cellular Digital Packet Data deployment guidelines, speech coding techniques, wireless system design methodology, and propagation measurements in hostile or previously unexplored channels.
丛书名:
the springer international series in engineering and computer science
1000年
We would like to take this opportunity to thank all of those individ uals who helped us assemble this text, including the people of Lockheed Sanders and Nestor, Inc., whose encouragement and support were greatly...
详细信息
ISBN:
(数字)9781461539506
ISBN:
(纸本)9780792391449;9781461367635
We would like to take this opportunity to thank all of those individ uals who helped us assemble this text, including the people of Lockheed Sanders and Nestor, Inc., whose encouragement and support were greatly appreciated. In addition, we would like to thank the members of the Lab oratory for engineering Man-Machine Systems (LEMS) and the Center for Neural science at Brown University for their frequent and helpful discussions on a number of topics discussed in this text. Although we both attended Brown from 1983 to 1985, and had offices in the same building, it is surprising that we did not meet until 1988. We also wish to thank Kluwer Academic Publishers for their profes sionalism and patience, and the reviewers for their constructive criticism. Thanks to John McCarthy for performing the final proof, and to John Adcock, Chip Bachmann, Deborah Farrow, Nathan Intrator, Michael Perrone, Ed Real, Lance Riek and Paul Zemany for their comments and assistance. We would also like to thank Khrisna Nathan, our most unbi ased and critical reviewer, for his suggestions for improving the content and accuracy of this text. A special thanks goes to Steve Hoffman, who was instrumental in helping us perform the experiments described in Chapter 9.
The rapid development of optical fiber transmission technology has created the possibility for constructing digital networks that are as ubiquitous as the current voice network but which can carry video, voice, and da...
详细信息
ISBN:
(数字)9781461532644
ISBN:
(纸本)9780792390619;9781461364368
The rapid development of optical fiber transmission technology has created the possibility for constructing digital networks that are as ubiquitous as the current voice network but which can carry video, voice, and data in massive qlJantities. How and when such networks will evolve, who will pay for them, and what new applications will use them is anyone's guess. There appears to be no doubt, however, that the trend in telecommunication networks is toward far greater transmission speeds and toward greater heterogeneity in the requirements of different applications. This book treats some of the central problems involved in these networks of the future. First, how does one switch data at speeds orders of magnitude faster than that of existing networks? This problem has roots in both classical switching for telephony and in switching for packet networks. There are a number of new twists here, however. The first is that the high speeds necessitate the use of highly parallel processing and place a high premium on computational simplicity. The second is that the required data speeds and allowable delays of different applications differ by many orders of magnitude. The third is that it might be desirable to support both point to point applications and also applications involving broadcast from one source to a large set of destinations.
advocates the viability of using fuzzy and annealing methods in solving scheduling problems for parallel computing systems. The book proposes new techniques for both static and dynamic scheduling, using emerging pa...
详细信息
ISBN:
(数字)9781461550655
ISBN:
(纸本)9780792385332;9781461373032
advocates the viability of using fuzzy and annealing methods in solving scheduling problems for parallel computing systems. The book proposes new techniques for both static and dynamic scheduling, using emerging paradigms that are inspired by natural phenomena such as fuzzy logic, mean-field annealing, and simulated annealing. Systems that are designed using such techniques are often referred to in the literature as `intelligent' because of their capability to adapt to sudden changes in their environments. Moreover, most of these changes cannot be anticipated in advance or included in the original design of the system.;provides results that prove such approaches can become viable alternatives to orthodox solutions to the scheduling problem, which are mostly based on heuristics. Although heuristics are robust and reliable when solving certain instances of the scheduling problem, they do not perform well when one needs to obtain solutions to general forms of the scheduling problem. On the other hand, techniques inspired by natural phenomena have been successfully applied for solving a wide range of combinatorial optimization problems (e.g. traveling salesman, graph partitioning). The success of these methods motivated their use in this book to solve scheduling problems that are known to be formidable combinatorial problems.;is an excellent reference and may be used for advanced courses on the topic.
暂无评论