关键词:
慢性肾脏病
老年人
健康生态学
影响因素
摘要:
目的:随着人口老龄化加剧,老年慢性肾脏病(chronic kidney diseases, CKD)已成为影响老年人生活质量的重要因素,如何更好地防治老年CKD将是社会面临的巨大挑战。基于健康生态学模型了解老年CKD现状和影响因素可为老年CKD防治提供参考。方法:本研究利用中国健康与养老追踪调查(China health and retirement longitudinal study, CHARLS) 2018年的追访调查数据,以是否发生CKD为因变量,基于健康生态模型逐级纳入自变量(模型1~5),进行二分类logistics回归分析,进一步评估分析影响老年CKD发生的影响因素。结果:共计纳入有效样本6320例,其中老年CKD的患病率为7.0% (441/6320)。在患有CKD的老年人中,合并其他慢性疾病(包括但不限于心血管疾病、糖尿病、慢性呼吸疾病、肥胖症、某些类型的癌症等)135例(81.2%, 358/441)、抑郁症状281例(63.7%, 281/441)、低教育水平(79.8%, 352/441)、已婚状态(81.9%, 361/441)、拥有医疗保险(95.7%, 422/441)的占有较大比例。Logistics回归分析显示,男性(OR = 1.443, 95% CI: 1.099~1.896, P = 0.008)、当前吸烟(OR = 1.420, 95% CI: 1.100~1.834, P = 0.007)、合并其他慢性病(OR = 2.348, 95% CI: 1.832~3.010, P Objective: With the aging of the population, Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) has become an important factor affecting the quality of life of the elderly. How to better prevent and treat CKD in the elderly will be a challenge for society. Understanding the current status and influencing factors of CKD in the elderly based on the health ecology model can provide a reference for the prevention and treatment of CKD in the elderly. Methods: Data were collected from the China health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) 2018 follow-up survey data, based on the occurrence of CKD as the dependent variable. The independent variables were included in the healthy ecological model step by step (model 1 to 5), and binary logistics regression analysis was performed to further evaluate and analyze the influence of aging Influencing factors of CKD. Results: A total of 6320 participants were included in the analysis. The prevalence of CKD in the elderly was 7.0% (441/6320). In older adults with CKD, the risk of comorbidity with other chronic diseases (including but not limited to cardiovascular disease, diabetes, chronic respiratory disease, obesity, some types of cancer, etc.) 135 cases (81.2%, 358/441), 281 cases (63.7%, 281/441) of depressive symptoms, low education level (79.8%, 281/441), and high risk of depression. 3