关键词： 教育生态学   幼儿园   课程   建构  

摘要： 随着当下教育生态学相关理论的完善以及推广,针对幼儿园课程改革以及教学新理念的推广,需要做出什么样的工作来应对当下我国日益增长的学前教育需求。同时相应的幼小衔接问题又应该以怎样的方式去解决,此类问题值得当代学前教育者仔细思考以及反思。本文简要阐述当前教育生态学视野下幼儿园课程相关建构以及反思。

摘要： West African dwarf crocodiles (Osteolaemus sp. nov. cf. tetraspis) are among the most threatened crocodilians in the world due to unregulated hunting and habitat loss-related population decline. Despite this, many questions about their basic ecology remain unanswered and this inadequate data hampers effective dwarf crocodile management. We describe incubation temperature, nesting success, hatching rate, and clutch size of West African dwarf crocodiles. We monitored 18 nests from the 2017 and 2018 nesting seasons in the Chirehin Community Land - a highly disturbed agricultural matrix in the climatic transition zone of Ghana. We used Hobo tidbit® data loggers to monitor egg chamber temperature and the effect of ambient temperature on nest temperature. The daily mean incubation temperature recorded during the study was 30.7°C (±SD = 0.8°C, n = 240, range = 28-33°C) and it is congruent with the reported value for the species. The findings from this study suggest a weak positive to no correlation between dwarf crocodile incubation temperature and ambient temperature indicating nest temperature is almost independent of ambient temperature. We found a mean clutch size of 8 eggs per nest (SD = ±2;range = 5-13;n = 17) supporting previous reports that this genus has a low clutch size. The mean nesting success and hatching success across the two seasons were 77.8% and 75.3% (SD = ±41.9, n = 18), respectively. Three nests were destroyed by flood and one by an unknown predator suspected to be a West African Nile monitor lizard. Generally, dwarf crocodiles selected forest patches within the highly disturbed landscape for nesting indicating the need to protect the remaining forest patches. Efforts should be made to repeat the study across this species' range for an improved understanding of its nesting ecology. © 2021 Emmanuel Amoah et al.

关键词： 生态学专业   硕士研究生   科研能力   培养   影响因素  

摘要： 研究生作为高素质人才,是科研领域中的重要后备力量,所以通过合理化的方式强化硕士研究生科研能力的培养、切实提升研究生的综合素质,进而满足中国高速发展过程中在人才方面的需求是至关重要的一项工作。同时,研究生是中国教育体系中最高层次的一个教育,所以必须要将科研能力的培养作为重点,将其与研究生教育的全过程进行融合,切实提升研究生教育质量,基于此,本文在研究分析的过程中,从不同层面、不同维度对生态学专业硕士研究生科研能力培养的影响因素展开了深入剖析,并在此基础之上提出了进一步强化生态学专业硕士研究生科研能力的策略,旨在提高中国研究生教育教学水平,为国家培养更多的高素质人才。

摘要： The aim of this thesis is to, through an in-depth look at the works of Andrew Marvell, John Milton, and William Shakespeare, suggest an alternative ethics of living informed by queer ecologies. Following a brief overview of the critical points regarding queer ecologies in the introduction, the first chapter works through Andrew Marvell's "Mower Poems," grappling with human modifications of nature and how said modifications are tied to sexual pleasure. The second chapter looks at John Milton's Comus and Paradise Lost, through which we see non-normative modes of sexuality and the conflations that follow in regards to gender and status. The third and final chapter looks at William Shakespeare's A Midsummer Night's Dream, specifically focusing upon the non-hegemonic desire exhibited throughout the play and how the contrast between urban and forest settings impact said desire's manifestation and exhibition. Through an application of queer ecologies on each work, human relations with nature are codified and scrutinized to ultimately find better alternatives.

关键词： 生态学  

ISBN: (纸本)9787040537932

摘要： 本书对生态学中概念和理论的阐述和评论, 精当且全面。它追溯生态学各基础概念的独立、有时甚至是孤立的起源, 以及其后理论发展历程中的并行、碰撞、砥砺、交叉, 乃至敛聚。从横向看, 它囊括植物生态学、动物生态学、湖沼学、海洋学; 从纵向看, 包括个体生态学、种群生态学、群落生态学、生态系统生态学, 以及当代环境问题。它主要立足于以美英为主的英语世界, 同时包括欧洲, 并旁及俄罗斯 (苏联) 及其他。

关键词： 生理适应   体温调节和产热   冬眠   水代谢   保护生理学   生态免疫学   肠道菌群  

摘要： 中国哺乳动物生理生态学研究自20世纪50年代始,经过70多年的发展,已系统研究了分布于青藏高原、内蒙古草原、横断山脉等地理分布区的代表性物种的生理适应性,研究主题包括能量代谢和体温调节、冬眠(蛰眠)、水代谢、生态免疫、肠道菌群与宿主的能量代谢和产热调节,研究物种以小型哺乳动物为主。在新时期除了进一步加强对极端环境的生理适应研究外,也需关注大型动物对环境的生理适应,发展新兴领域如保护生理学等,同时要借助多组学技术、同位素技术、遥感技术、红外技术等,加强对动物生理适应的机理性探究。本文回顾了中国哺乳动物生理生态学的发展历程,总结了主要领域取得的重要进展。

关键词： Adaptive management   Rangeland management   Disturbance regimes   Prescribed fire   Woody Plant Encroachment  

摘要： Woody plant encroachment (WPE) reduces ecosystem services and economic benefits obtained from rangelands. Prescribed fire disturbance regimes have been identified as an ecologically and economically viable management options. Practitioners have tools for individual treatments but lack process for integrating individual events into successful management regimes. Practitioners lack ecological theory for the interaction between disturbance and WPE in a language and format accessible by the majority of practitioners. Disturbance regime theory (DRT) was developed as ecological theory for practitioners seeking to utilize disturbance, specifically fire to control WPE. DRT utilizes thresholds between population resistance to disturbance intensity and species resilience to disturbance frequency to estimate effects of disturbance regimes to WPE. Disturbance Regime Management (DRM) is the development and application of disturbance regimes for managing WPE. Successful implementation of DRM requires adaptive management. Integrated Rangeland Management System (IRMS) was designed as a structured process for facilitating the implementation of adaptive management on rangelands. It is a wholistic process for visioning, planning, implementing, and monitoring of rangelands. IRMS serves as a common framework for implementing DRM within adaptive rangeland management. Adaptive management and DTR was evaluated through an applied management case study on the Duncan Spade Ranch. McCartney Rose (Rosa bracteata) encroachment was adaptively managed with a prescribed fire disturbance regime. Woody cover was monitored with National Agriculture Imagery Program airborne digital images, permanent line transects, and plot photographs. DRM worksheets were used to make qualitative predictions of impact or no impact on McCartney Rose for resistance to fire intensity and resilience to fire frequency. Classified imagery measured 24% woody cover in 2010 decreasing to 6% in 2018. A paired t-test for line tr