Design and dispatch optimization of packaged ice storage systems within a connected community

作     者：Heine, Karl Tabares-Velasco, Paulo Cesar Deru, Michael 

作者机构：Colorado Sch Mines Golden CO 80401 USA Natl Renewable Energy Lab Golden CO 80401 USA 

出 版 物：《APPLIED ENERGY》 (实用能源)

年 卷 期：2021年第298卷

页      面：117147-117147页

核心收录：

学科分类：0820[工学-石油与天然气工程] 0817[工学-化学工程与技术] 08[工学] 0807[工学-动力工程及工程热物理] 

基　　金：National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) through the Alliance Partner University Program [UGA-0-41025-152] US DOE [DE-AC36-08GO28308] US DOE Building Technologies Office 

主　　题：Connected community optimization Cool thermal energy storage Mixed-integer linear programming Packaged ice storage Unitary thermal storage systems Energy storage EnergyPlus 

摘      要：The traditional implementation of cool thermal energy storage (CTES) must be reimagined within the context of a dynamic grid and smart buildings operating as connected communities. As most buildings do not operate central chillers or connect to district cooling loops, this necessitates a broader use of packaged CTES. Our objective is to begin answering the question of how such packaged CTES should be implemented within a connected community. We do so by presenting a simulation-optimization workflow employing building energy modeling software and a mixed-integer linear program to design and dispatch a packaged CTES technology to achieve minimum total annual cost. We demonstrate this methodology on a seven-building case study using current utility rates and find that total annual cooling energy costs can be reduced by 17.8% compared to baseline, after accounting for the cost of storage. We perform three parametric sensitivity studies to evaluate modeling assumptions and obtain the prioritization of storage procurement as a function of annualized life-cycle cost of storage. We find that a community optimization approach provides significantly different results than individual building optimizations and provides greater savings compared to baseline.