Experimental authentication of quantum key distribution with post-quantum cryptography

作     者：Wang, Liu-Jun Zhang, Kai-Yi Wang, Jia-Yong Cheng, Jie Yang, Yong-Hua Tang, Shi-Biao Yan, Di Tang, Yan-Lin Liu, Zhen Yu, Yu Zhang, Qiang Pan, Jian-Wei 

作者机构：Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale Department of Modern Physics University of Science and Technology of China Hefei230026 China Shanghai Branch CAS Center for Excellence Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics University of Science and Technology of China Shanghai201315 China School of Physics and Astronomy Yunnan Key Laboratory for Quantum Information Yunnan University Kunming650500 China Department of Computer Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China Shanghai Qizhi Institute Shanghai200232 China CAS Quantum Network Co. Ltd Shanghai201315 China QuantumCTek Co. Ltd Hefei230088 China 

出 版 物：《arXiv》 (arXiv)

年 卷 期：2020年

核心收录：

主　　题：Quantum cryptography 

摘      要：Quantum key distribution (QKD) can provide information theoretically secure key exchange even in the era of quantum computer [1–3]. However, QKD requires the classical channel to be authenticated, and the current method is pre-sharing symmetric keys [4]. For a QKD network of n users, this method requires Cn2 = n(n − 1)/2 pairs of symmetric keys to realize pairwise interconnection. In contrast, with the help of mature public key infrastructure (PKI) and post-quantum cryptography (PQC) with quantum resistant security, each user only needs to apply for a digital certificate from certificate authority (CA) to achieve efficient and secure authentication for QKD. We only need to assume the short-term security of the PQC algorithm to achieve the long-term security of the distributed keys. Here, we experimentally verified the feasibility, efficiency and stability of the PQC algorithm in QKD authentication, and demonstrated the advantages when new users join the QKD network. Using PQC authentication we only need to believe the CA is safe, rather than all trusted relays. QKD combined with PQC authentication will greatly promote and extend the application prospects of quantum safe communication. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.