Entangled Sensor-Networks for Dark-Matter Searches

作     者：Anthony J. Brady Christina Gao Roni Harnik Zhen Liu Zheshen Zhang Quntao Zhuang 

作者机构：Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Arizona Tucson Arizona 85721 USA Theoretical Physics Division Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory P.O. Box 500 Batavia Illinois 60510 USA Department of Physics University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana Illinois 61801 USA Illinois Center for Advanced Studies of the Universe University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana Illinois 61801 USA School of Physics and Astronomy University of Minnesota Minneapolis Minnesota 55455 USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Arizona Tucson Arizona 85721 USA J. C. Wyant College of Optical Sciences University of Arizona Tucson Arizona 85721 USA 

出 版 物：《PRX Quantum》 (PRX. Quantum.)

年 卷 期：2022年第3卷第3期

页      面：030333-030333页

核心收录：

基　　金：U.S. Department of Energy, USDOE National Quantum Information Science Research Centers Office of Science, SC National Science Foundation, NSF, (OIA-2040575, OIA-2134830, 2134830) Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, DARPA, (N660012014029) Superconducting Quantum Materials and Systems Center, (DE-AC02-07CH11359) Office of Naval Research, ONR, (N00014-19-1-2190) 

主　　题：Dark matter Quantum metrology Quantum sensing Axions Josephson junctions Microwave techniques 

摘      要：The hypothetical axion particle (of unknown mass) is a leading candidate for dark matter (DM). Many experiments search for axions with microwave cavities, where an axion may convert into a cavity photon, leading to a feeble excess in the output power of the cavity. Recent work [Backes et al., Nature 590, 238 (2021)] has demonstrated that injecting squeezed vacuum into the cavity can substantially accelerate the axion search. Here, we go beyond and provide a theoretical framework to leverage the benefits of quantum squeezing in a network setting consisting of many sensor cavities. By forming a local sensor network, the signals among the cavities can be combined coherently to boost the axion search. Furthermore, injecting multipartite entanglement across the cavities—generated by splitting a squeezed vacuum—enables a global noise reduction. We explore the performance advantage of such a local, entangled sensor network, which enjoys both coherence between the axion signals and entanglement between the sensors. Our analyses are pertinent to next-generation DM-axion searches aiming to leverage a network of sensors and quantum resources in an optimal way. Finally, we assess the possibility of using a more exotic quantum state, the Gottesman-Kitaev-Preskill (GKP) state. Despite a constant-factor improvement in the scan time relative to a single-mode squeezed state in the ideal case, the advantage of employing a GKP state disappears when a practical measurement scheme is considered.