An efficient distributed and secure algorithm for transaction confirmation in IOTA using cloud computing

作     者：Alavizadeh, Alavieh Sadat Erfani, Seyed Hossein Mirabi, Meghdad Sahafi, Amir 

作者机构：Islamic Azad Univ Dept Comp Engn South Tehran Branch Tehran Iran Tech Univ Darmstadt Fac Comp Sci Darmstadt Germany 

出 版 物：《JOURNAL OF SUPERCOMPUTING》 (超高速计算杂志)

年 卷 期：2024年第80卷第2期

页      面：1491-1521页

核心收录：

学科分类：0808[工学-电气工程] 08[工学] 0812[工学-计算机科学与技术（可授工学、理学学位）] 

主　　题：IOTA distributed ledger IOTA Tangle Coordinator IoT technology Cloud computing 

摘      要：In recent years, the development of IOTA, a new type of Distributed Ledger (DL) for internet of things (IoT), has gained significant attention. IOTA DL offers key features like scalability, fast and free transactions, making it an optimal choice for IoT devices. However, a major concern with IOTA DL is its reliance on a single coordinator for transaction confirmation. This default coordinator introduces issues of single point of failure and incomplete distribution. To address these limitations, this paper proposes the Multiple Coordinator Selection (MCS) algorithm. MCS aims to overcome the problem by involving multiple coordinators in the consensus process. Four metrics, namely trust level, distance from input transactions, node activity, and transaction distribution, are defined as properties for coordinator selection. Additionally, a checklist is employed to minimize the probability of collusion within the system. Furthermore, the paper introduces a three-layered architecture based on cloud and fog computing, where the MCS algorithm is implemented. Experimental results demonstrate improved security and distribution of the system, while reducing the chances of collusion and single point of failure.