Improvement on the Linearity Response of PandaX-4T with new Photomultiplier Tubes Bases

作     者：Luo, Lingyin Fang, Deqing Han, Ke Huang, Di Shang, Xiaofeng Wang, Anqing Wang, Qiuhong Wang, Shaobo Wang, Siguang Xiao, Xiang Yan, Binbin Yan, Xiyu 

作者机构：School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology Peking University Beijing100871 China Tsung-Dao Lee Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China  Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology Shanghai200240 China INPAC School of Physics and Astronomy Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology Shanghai200240 China Research Center for Particle Science and Technology Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science Shandong University Shandong Qingdao266237 China Key Laboratory of Particle Physics and Particle Irradiation of Ministry of Education Shandong University Shandong Qingdao266237 China SJTU Paris Elite Institute of Technology Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China School of Physics Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou510275 China  Institute of Modern Physics Fudan University Shanghai200433 China School of Physics and Astronomy Sun Yat-Sen University Zhuhai519082 China 

出 版 物：《arXiv》 (arXiv)

年 卷 期：2023年

核心收录：

主　　题：Photomultipliers 

摘      要：With the expanding reach of physics, xenon-based detectors such as PandaX-4T in the China Jinping Underground Laboratory aim to cover an energy range from sub-keV to multiMeV. A linear response of the photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) is required for both scintillation and electroluminescence signals. Through a dedicated bench test, we investigated the cause of the nonlinear response in the Hamamatsu R11410-23 PMTs used in PandaX-4T. The saturation and suppression of the PMT waveform observed during the commissioning of PandaX-4T were caused by the high-voltage divider base. The bench test data validated the de-saturation algorithm used in the PandaX-4T data analysis. We also confirmed the improvement in linearity of a new PMT base design with three more low radioactivity capacitors at later dynodes, which will be used to upgrade the PMT readout system in PandaX-4T. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.